街谷建筑高度非均匀性对空气污染的影响研究
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摘要
以ENVI-met为数值模拟平台,采用人行道和墙面污染物浓度为评价指标,在保持街谷建筑平均高度不变(建筑面积不变)的前提下,设置27个情景开展街谷建筑高度非均匀性对空气污染影响的对比模拟研究。结果发现:在不同风速条件下街谷建筑高度的非均匀性对街谷污染均具有较大的减轻作用。非均匀程度越大,污染强度减轻作用越大;错列式非均匀方式对污染的减轻作用大于行列式;非均匀性对街谷墙面污染的减轻作用大于人行道污染减轻作用。
27 designed cases were studied on the effect of building height nonuniformity on air pollution in street canyons by using ENVI-met numerical simulation platform,taking the pollutant concentration in sidewalk and wall as the evaluation indexes,and in the condition of unchanged average building height and the area of structure. The results showed that building height nonuniformity had a great effect on air pollution reducing in street canyons at different wind speeds. The greater the nonuniformity,the greater the reduction effect. Stagger nonuniform model had greater effect of pollution reducing than the aligned model. And the reducing effect on wall was greater than that on sidewalk.
27 designed cases were studied on the effect of building height nonuniformity on air pollution in street canyons by using ENVI-met numerical simulation platform,taking the pollutant concentration in sidewalk and wall as the evaluation indexes,and in the condition of unchanged average building height and the area of structure. The results showed that building height nonuniformity had a great effect on air pollution reducing in street canyons at different wind speeds. The greater the nonuniformity,the greater the reduction effect. Stagger nonuniform model had greater effect of pollution reducing than the aligned model. And the reducing effect on wall was greater than that on sidewalk.
引文
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[3]童陆亿,胡守庚.中国主要城市建设用地扩张特征[J].资源科学,2016,38(1):50-61.
[4]辜胜阻,郑超,方浪.城镇化与工业化高速发展条件下的大气污染治理[J].理论学刊,2014(6):42-45.
[5]刘登国,刘娟,黄伟民,等.基于交通信息的道路机动车排放NOx模拟研究[J].环境监测管理与技术,2016,28(3):15-19.
[6]姜迪,李聪.南京市区PM2. 5扩散与气象条件的关系[J].环境监测管理与技术,2016,28(1):36-40.
[7] LI X X,LIU C H,LEUNG D Y C. Numerical investigation of pollutant transport characteristics inside deep urban street canyons[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2009,43(15):2410-2418.
[8]张金贵,贾德生,张东省,等.公路隧道内运动汽车尾气污染扩散数值仿真研究[J].环境监测管理与技术,2017,29(1):11-15.
[9] OKE T R. Street design and urban canopy layer climate[J]. Energy and Buildings,1988,11(1-3):103-113.
[10] NELSON M A,PARDYJAK E R,KLEWICKI J C,et al. Properties of the wind field within the Oklahoma City Park avenue street canyon. Part I:mean flow and turbulence statistics[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology,2007,46(12):2038-2054.
[11] KLEIN P,LEITL B,SCHATZMANN M. Driving physical mechanisms of flow and dispersion in urban canopies[J]. International Journal of Climatology,2007,27(14):1887-1907.
[12] GU Z L,ZHANG Y W,CHENG Y,et al. Effect of uneven building layout on air flow and pollutant dispersion in non-uniform street canyons[J]. Building and Environment,2011,46(12):2657-2665.
[13] ACERO J A,HERRANZ-PASCUAL K. A comparison of thermal comfort conditions in four urban spaces by means of measurements and modelling techniques[J]. Building and Environment,2015,93(2):245-257.
[14] MORAKINYO T E,LAM Y F. Study of traffic-related pollutant removal from street canyon with trees:dispersion and deposition perspective[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International,2016,23(21):21652-21668.
[15] TSELIOU A,TSIROS I X. Modeling urban microclimate to ameliorate thermal sensation conditions in outdoor areas in Athens(Greece)[J]. Building Simulation,2016,9(3):251-267.
[16] NIKOLOVA I,JANSSEN S,VOS P,et al. Dispersion modelling of traffic induced ultrafine particles in a street canyon in Antwerp,Belgium and comparison with observations[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2011,412:336-343.
[17] MORAKINYO T E,LAM Y F,HAO S. Evaluating the role of green infrastructures on near-road pollutant dispersion and removal:modelling and measurement[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2016,182(1):595-605.
[18] HOFMAN J,SAMSON R. Biomagnetic monitoring as a validation tool for local air quality models:a case study for an urban street canyon[J]. Environment International,2014,70:50-61.
[19] ZHANG H,XU T T,WANG Y X,et al. Study on the influence of meteorological conditions and the street side buildings on the pollutant dispersion in the street canyon[J]. Building Simulation,2016,9(6):717-727.
[20] NOSEK,KUKACˇKA L,KELLNEROVR,et al. Ventilation processes in a three-dimensional street canyon[J]. BoundaryLayer Meteorology,2016,159(2):259-284.