一种车用双极性横向磁通永磁电动机
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摘要
针对当前横向磁通永磁电机绕组磁链单极性影响电机出力进一步提高的问题,提出一种实现磁链双极性的横向磁通永磁电动机。该电机采用外转子型,电枢绕组和永磁体都位于定子上,磁通路径分析表明绕组匝链的磁通为双极性。基于电动机的基本结构和工作原理,依据电机设计理论推导出了电动机功率与尺寸之间关系式,采用有限元计算分析了电机主要尺寸对永磁磁链的影响。以此为依据确定了一台三相600 W样机的尺寸,利用有限元法对静态特性和瞬态特性进行了仿真计算,包括空载时电机磁场分布和绕组反电势,为了验证理论分析的正确性,最后对制作的600 W样机进行了实验验证,实验结果与理论分析具有很好的一致性。
As for ordinary transverse-flux permanent-magnet motors,there is a problem that the flux unipolarity cannot make further improvement on the output power or torque. To slove the problem,the transverse-flux permanent-magnet motor with bipolar flux was proposed. The motor employs outer rotor and its armature windings and permanent magnets are located in the stator. The flux path analysis show that the winding flux is bipolar. According to the basic structure,working principle and the design theory of motor,relationship between motor power and its size was deduced,and influence of main dimensions of motor on permanent magnet flux linkage was analyzed through finite element method. The size of a threephase 600 W prototype was determined,and its static and transient characteristics were simulated through finite element method including the magnetic field distribution and the back EMF at no load. For the correctness of the theoretical analysis,the experiment on the 600 W prototype was carried out and its results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.
As for ordinary transverse-flux permanent-magnet motors,there is a problem that the flux unipolarity cannot make further improvement on the output power or torque. To slove the problem,the transverse-flux permanent-magnet motor with bipolar flux was proposed. The motor employs outer rotor and its armature windings and permanent magnets are located in the stator. The flux path analysis show that the winding flux is bipolar. According to the basic structure,working principle and the design theory of motor,relationship between motor power and its size was deduced,and influence of main dimensions of motor on permanent magnet flux linkage was analyzed through finite element method. The size of a threephase 600 W prototype was determined,and its static and transient characteristics were simulated through finite element method including the magnetic field distribution and the back EMF at no load. For the correctness of the theoretical analysis,the experiment on the 600 W prototype was carried out and its results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.
引文
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[13]贾周,林鹤云,黄允凯,等.一种新型双C型定子横向磁通永磁发电机[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(11):2831.JIA Zhou,LIN Heyun,HUANG Yunkai,et al. Novel transverse flux permanent magnet generator with double-c stator hoops[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(11):2831.
[14] YASUHITO Ueda,HIROSHI Takahashi,AKIHITO Ogawa,et al. Cogging-torque reduction of transverse-flux motor by skewing stator poles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2016,52(7):1086.
[15]朱瑛,程明,花为,等.磁通切换永磁电机的空间矢量脉宽调制控制[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(3):45.ZHU Ying,CHENG Ming,HUA Wei,et al. Space-vector PWM control of flux-permanent magnet motor[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(3):45.
[16] GUO Y,ZHU J,WATTERSON P,et al. Design and analysis of a transverse flux machine with soft magnetic composite core[J].IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion,2006,21(2):153.
[2]刘卓然,陈健,林凯,等.国内外电动汽车发展现状与趋势[J].电力建设,2015,36(7):25.LIU Zhuoran,CHEN Jian,LIN Kai,et al. Domestic and foreign present situation and the tendency of electric vehicles[J]. Electric Power Construction,2015,36(7):25.
[3]柴海波,鄢治国,况明伟,等.电动车驱动电机发展现状[J].微特电机,2013,41(4):52.CHAI Haibo,YAN Zhiguo,KUANG Mingwei,et al. The development status of driving motors for electric vehicles[J]. Micro Motor,2013,41(4):52.
[4]杨莉,戴文进.电机设计理论与实践[M].第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2013:1-4.
[5]丁树业,关天宇,崔广慧.船舶驱动用异步电机三维温度场研究[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2015,20(5):1.DING Shuye,GUAN Tianyu,CUI Guanghui. The research on 3D temperature field of asynchronous motor for ship drive[J]. Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology, 2015, 20(5):1.
[6] WEH H,MAY H. Achievable force densities for permanent magnet excited machines in new configurations[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines,June 15-18,1986,Munich,Germany. 1986:1107-1111.
[7] GUO Youguang,ZHU Jianguo,PETER A Watterson,et al. Development of a PM transverse flux motor with soft magnetic composite core[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2006,21(2):426.
[8] HANY M Hasanien,AHMED S Abd-Rabou,SOHIER M Sakr.Design optimization of transverse flux linear motor for weight reduction and performance improvement using response surface methodology and genetic algorithms[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2010,25(3):598.
[9] Jung-Seob Shin,Takafumi Koseki,Houng-Joong Kim. Proposal of double-sided transverse flux linear synchronous motor and a simplified design for maximum thrust in nonsaturation region[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2013,49(7):4104.
[10]褚文强,辜承林.新型横向磁通永磁电机磁场研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(24):58.CHU Wenqiang,GU Chenglin. Study on magnet field of novel transverse-flux permanent magnet machine[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(24):58.
[11]于明湖,张玉秋,卢琴芬,等.动磁式横向磁通直线振荡电机建模分析[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(2):1.YU Minghu,ZHANG Yuqiu,LU Qinfen,et al. Modeling and analysis of moving-magnet transverse-flux linear oscillatorymotor[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(2):1.
[12]宫晓,徐衍亮,冯开杰.新型盘式横向磁通永磁电机及其空载电动势波形的解析计算[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(7):77.GONG Xiao,XU Yanliang,FENG Kaijie. A novel disc transverse-flux permanent magnet machine and analytical expression of its no-load EMF waveform[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(7):77.
[13]贾周,林鹤云,黄允凯,等.一种新型双C型定子横向磁通永磁发电机[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(11):2831.JIA Zhou,LIN Heyun,HUANG Yunkai,et al. Novel transverse flux permanent magnet generator with double-c stator hoops[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(11):2831.
[14] YASUHITO Ueda,HIROSHI Takahashi,AKIHITO Ogawa,et al. Cogging-torque reduction of transverse-flux motor by skewing stator poles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2016,52(7):1086.
[15]朱瑛,程明,花为,等.磁通切换永磁电机的空间矢量脉宽调制控制[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(3):45.ZHU Ying,CHENG Ming,HUA Wei,et al. Space-vector PWM control of flux-permanent magnet motor[J]. Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(3):45.
[16] GUO Y,ZHU J,WATTERSON P,et al. Design and analysis of a transverse flux machine with soft magnetic composite core[J].IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion,2006,21(2):153.