盐胁迫对4种园林植物土壤养分及酶活性的影响
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摘要
探讨盐胁迫对狗牙花(Ervatamia divaricata)、红背桂(Excoecaria cochinchinensis)、朱蕉(Cordyline fruticosa)和花叶假连翘(Duranta repens)4种园林植物的土壤养分和酶活性的影响,旨在为滨海园林植物的管理提供参考。以盆栽的狗牙花、红背桂、朱蕉和花叶假连翘为试验材料,设置0%(对照)、0.3%和0.6%的NaCl质量分数进行试验,研究盐胁迫对这4种园林植物土壤养分及土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:随着盐质量分数升高,狗牙花、红背桂和花叶假连翘的土壤pH值下降,而朱蕉反之;与对照相比(0%),除了0.6%盐质量分数的狗牙花外,各植物的土壤有机质质量分数较对照均有不同程度地增加。盐胁迫极显著提高了各植物的全Na、交换性Na质量分数,并显著提高了多数植物的全N、碱解N、全P、全K和速效K质量分数。0.6%的盐质量分数显著降低了各植物的土壤过氧化氢酶活性、狗牙花以外植物土壤的脲酶活性及朱蕉和花叶假连翘的土壤磷酸酶活性。因此,NaCl胁迫极显著提高了土壤Na质量分数和降低了土壤活性,不利于园林植物的生长。
We studied the effects of salt stress on soil nutrient and enzyme activity of Ervatamia divaricat,Excoecaria cochinchinensis,Cordyline fruticosa and Duranta repens,which can offer a reference for coastal landscape plant management.Seedlings of the four species were selected as materials and treated by three Na Cl concentrations(0%,0.3% and 0.6%Na Cl),and then analyzed effects of salt stress on soil nutrient and enzyme activity of these seedlings.With the increase of Na Cl content,soil p H value of E.divaricata,E.cochinchinensis and D.repens seedlings decreased,whereas that of C.fruticosa increased.Compared with the control(0% Na Cl),the soil organic matter of landscape seedlings except for E.divaricata at 0.6% Na Cl increased at different degree.Na Cl stress significantly increased the contents of total Na and exchangeable Na of soils of all plant species.In addition,the contents of total N,available N,available P,total K and available K of most plant species increased with the increasing of Na Cl content.The soil catalase activity of each plant soil and urease activity except for E.divaricat and phosphatase activity of C.fruticosa and D.repens decreased at 0.6% Na Cl.Therefore,Na Cl stress significantly increased soil Na content and decreased soil enzyme activity,which were unfavorable to the growth of the landscape plants.
We studied the effects of salt stress on soil nutrient and enzyme activity of Ervatamia divaricat,Excoecaria cochinchinensis,Cordyline fruticosa and Duranta repens,which can offer a reference for coastal landscape plant management.Seedlings of the four species were selected as materials and treated by three Na Cl concentrations(0%,0.3% and 0.6%Na Cl),and then analyzed effects of salt stress on soil nutrient and enzyme activity of these seedlings.With the increase of Na Cl content,soil p H value of E.divaricata,E.cochinchinensis and D.repens seedlings decreased,whereas that of C.fruticosa increased.Compared with the control(0% Na Cl),the soil organic matter of landscape seedlings except for E.divaricata at 0.6% Na Cl increased at different degree.Na Cl stress significantly increased the contents of total Na and exchangeable Na of soils of all plant species.In addition,the contents of total N,available N,available P,total K and available K of most plant species increased with the increasing of Na Cl content.The soil catalase activity of each plant soil and urease activity except for E.divaricat and phosphatase activity of C.fruticosa and D.repens decreased at 0.6% Na Cl.Therefore,Na Cl stress significantly increased soil Na content and decreased soil enzyme activity,which were unfavorable to the growth of the landscape plants.
引文
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[22] 贾新平,邓衍明,孙晓波,等.盐胁迫对海滨雀稗生长和生理特性的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(12):204-121.
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[31] HINSINGER P. How do plant roots acquire mineral nutrients? chemical processes involved in the rhizosphere[J]. Advances in Agronomy,1998,64(1):225-265.
[32] 谢佳贵,侯云鹏,尹彩侠,等.施钾和秸秆还田对春玉米产量、养分吸收及土壤钾素平衡的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(5):1110-1118.
[33] 张亦驰,李林,史喜林,等.土壤钾素形态及有效性的研究进展[J].吉林农业科学,2013,38(6):52-61.
[34] 杨莉琳,李金海.我国盐渍化土壤的营养与施肥效应研究进展[J].中国生态农业学报,2001,9(2):79-81.
[35] 王华,牛德奎,胡冬南,等.不同肥料对油茶林土壤及叶片磷素状况的影响[J].经济林研究,2014,32(4):52-57.
[36] 李志萍,吴福忠,杨万勤,等.川西亚高山森林林窗不同时期土壤转化酶和脲酶活性的特征[J].生态学报,2015,35(12):3919-3925.
[37] 李磊,蒯婕,刘昭伟,等.花铃期短期土壤渍水对土壤肥力和棉花生长的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(6):162-166.
[38] 莫俊杰,彭诗春,叶昌辉,等.盐胁迫下甘蔗根际土壤微生物量及其酶活性的效应分析[J].广东农业科学,2016,43(6):103-108.
[39] RONG Q, LIU J, CAI Y, et al. Leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of Tamarix chinensis Lour. in the Laizhou Bay coastal wetland, China[J]. Ecological Engineering,2015,76:57-65.
[40] GARCíA-GIL J C, PLAZA C, SOLER-ROVIRA P, et al. Long-term effects of municipal solid waste compost application on soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2000,32(13):1907-1913.
[41] 周德平,吴淑杭,褚长彬,等.盐胁迫对蔬菜地土壤微生物及土壤酶活性的毒害效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(8):1602-1607.
[42] 冯金玲,郑新娟,杨志坚,等.5种栽培模式对油茶土壤微生物及酶活性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(2):10-16.
[43] 毛志刚,谷孝鸿,刘金娥,等.盐城海滨湿地盐沼植被及农作物下土壤酶活性特征[J].生态学报,2010,30(18):5043-5049.
[44] 田幼华,吕光辉,杨晓东,等.水盐胁迫对干旱区植物根际土壤酶活性的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(3):158-163.
[2] FAHAD S, HUSSAIN S, MATLOOB A, et al. Phytohormones and plant responses to salinity stress: a review[J]. Plant Growth Regulation,2015,75(2):391-404.
[3] 路海玲,孟亚利,周玲玲,等.盐胁迫对棉田土壤微生物量和土壤养分的影响[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(1):197-201.
[4] 操庆,曹海生,魏晓兰,等.盐胁迫对设施土壤微生物量碳氮和酶活性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(4):300-304.
[5] 郗金标,邢尚军,宋玉民,等.黄河三角洲不同造林模式下土壤盐分和养分的变化特征[J].林业科学,2007,43(1):33-38.
[6] 弋良朋,张辉.滨海4种盐生植物根际土壤酶活性特征与主要养分的关系[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(2):270-275.
[7] 张海平.银川市三种园林花卉引种及抗逆性评价[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[8] 蔡金桓,都成林,薛立,等.3种园林植物的抗盐光合特性[J].安徽农业大学学报,2017,44(2):272-276.
[9] 蔡金桓,都成林,薛立,等.盐胁迫对4种园林植物光合特性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(2):30-34.
[10] 佘汉基,李鹏飞,薛立,等.3种园林植物响应盐胁迫的荧光特性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,36(8):54-59.
[11] 佘汉基,张潮,薛立,等.盐胁迫对4种园林植物荧光特性的影响[J].生态科学,2018,37(5):87-93.
[12] 郑欣颖,李鹏飞,薛立,等.三种园林植物的抗盐生理研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,36(9):62-67.
[13] 郑欣颖,张潮,薛立,等.盐胁迫对4种园林植物生理特性的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2017,40(6):44-50.
[14] 邹晓君,列志旸,薛立.盐分胁迫对7种园林植物生物量的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(3):97-101,128.
[15] 邹晓君,蔡金桓,列志旸,等.盐胁迫对3种华南园林植物元素特性的影响[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2018,26(3):262-271.
[16] 列志旸,薛立.盐胁迫对树木生长影响研究综述[J].世界林业研究,2017,30(3):30-34.
[17] JING J, RUI Y, ZHANG F S, et al. Localized application of phosphorus and ammonium improves growth of maize seedlings by stimulating root proliferation and rhizosphere acidification[J]. Field Crops Research,2010,119(2/3):355-364.
[18] TURNER B L. Variation in pH optima of hydrolytic enzyme activities in tropical rain forest soils[J]. Applied & Environmental Microbiology,2010,76(19):6485-6493.
[19] YUAN Z, GAZOL A, LIN F, et al. Soil organic carbon in an old-growth temperate forest: Spatial pattern, determinants and bias in its quantification[J]. Geoderma,2013,195/196(1):48-55.
[20] 列志旸.华南地区7种园林植物的耐盐性评价研究[D].广州:华南农业大学,2017.
[21] 张立芙,吴凤芝,周新刚,等.盐胁迫下黄瓜根系分泌物对土壤养分及土壤酶活性的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2009(14):6-11.
[22] 贾新平,邓衍明,孙晓波,等.盐胁迫对海滨雀稗生长和生理特性的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(12):204-121.
[23] 李小刚,曹靖,李凤民,等.盐化及钠质化对土壤物理性质的影响[J].土壤通报,2004,35(1):64-72.
[24] FAROOQ M, HUSSAIN M, WAKEEL A, et al. Salt stress in maize: effects, resistance mechanisms, and management. A review[J]. Agronomy for Sustainable Development,2015,35(2):461-481.
[25] 田野,张焕朝,方升佐.盐胁迫下土壤-杨树系统中离子运移与分布特征[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(4):5-9.
[26] 李洁,周彤彤,侯晓丽,等.冰雪灾害对粤北杉木林土壤养分状况和酶活性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(4):36-41.
[27] XUE L, LI Q, CHEN H. Effects of a wildfire on selected physical, chemical and biochemical soil properties in a Pinus massoniana forest in south China[J]. Forests,2014,12(5):2947-2966.
[28] 弋良朋,马健,李彦.荒漠盐生植物根际土壤盐分和养分特征[J].生态学报,2007,27(9):3565-3671.
[29] 张越,董喜光,薛立,等.银合欢和山毛豆幼林土壤肥力分析[J].湖南林业科技,2015,42(4):6-9.
[30] ZHANG H, CHU L M. Plant community structure, soil properties and microbial characteristics in revegetated quarries[J]. Ecological Engineering,2011,37(8):1104-1111.
[31] HINSINGER P. How do plant roots acquire mineral nutrients? chemical processes involved in the rhizosphere[J]. Advances in Agronomy,1998,64(1):225-265.
[32] 谢佳贵,侯云鹏,尹彩侠,等.施钾和秸秆还田对春玉米产量、养分吸收及土壤钾素平衡的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(5):1110-1118.
[33] 张亦驰,李林,史喜林,等.土壤钾素形态及有效性的研究进展[J].吉林农业科学,2013,38(6):52-61.
[34] 杨莉琳,李金海.我国盐渍化土壤的营养与施肥效应研究进展[J].中国生态农业学报,2001,9(2):79-81.
[35] 王华,牛德奎,胡冬南,等.不同肥料对油茶林土壤及叶片磷素状况的影响[J].经济林研究,2014,32(4):52-57.
[36] 李志萍,吴福忠,杨万勤,等.川西亚高山森林林窗不同时期土壤转化酶和脲酶活性的特征[J].生态学报,2015,35(12):3919-3925.
[37] 李磊,蒯婕,刘昭伟,等.花铃期短期土壤渍水对土壤肥力和棉花生长的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(6):162-166.
[38] 莫俊杰,彭诗春,叶昌辉,等.盐胁迫下甘蔗根际土壤微生物量及其酶活性的效应分析[J].广东农业科学,2016,43(6):103-108.
[39] RONG Q, LIU J, CAI Y, et al. Leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of Tamarix chinensis Lour. in the Laizhou Bay coastal wetland, China[J]. Ecological Engineering,2015,76:57-65.
[40] GARCíA-GIL J C, PLAZA C, SOLER-ROVIRA P, et al. Long-term effects of municipal solid waste compost application on soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2000,32(13):1907-1913.
[41] 周德平,吴淑杭,褚长彬,等.盐胁迫对蔬菜地土壤微生物及土壤酶活性的毒害效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(8):1602-1607.
[42] 冯金玲,郑新娟,杨志坚,等.5种栽培模式对油茶土壤微生物及酶活性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(2):10-16.
[43] 毛志刚,谷孝鸿,刘金娥,等.盐城海滨湿地盐沼植被及农作物下土壤酶活性特征[J].生态学报,2010,30(18):5043-5049.
[44] 田幼华,吕光辉,杨晓东,等.水盐胁迫对干旱区植物根际土壤酶活性的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(3):158-163.