氮素水平对宽叶雀稗生理生态的影响
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摘要
采用盆栽试验方法,设置5个氮素水平(1、3、5、7、9 mmol·L~(-1)),从形态指标、生理指标及光合特性等方面,探究适合宽叶雀稗(Paspalum wettsteinii)生长的氮素水平。结果表明,3 mmol·L~(-1)氮素处理下宽叶雀稗生长指标、生物量及含氮量较高,可溶性蛋白(SP)和脯氨酸(Pro)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性较高,叶绿素含量、净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)及气孔导度(G_s)保持在较高水平(P <0.05),而丙二醛(MDA)含量和胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)较低。氮素不足(1 mmol·L~(-1))或过量(7～9 mmol·L~(-1))会不同程度地降低宽叶雀稗的SP和Pro含量、酶活性、叶绿素含量,影响光合作用,抑制宽叶雀稗生长。最后利用主成分分析和模糊隶属函数相结合的方法进行综合评价得出,3 mmol·L~(-1)氮素处理是宽叶雀稗生长的适宜氮素水平。
To understand the adaptive mechanisms of Paspalum wettsteinii in response to nitrogen and explore the level of nitrogen suitable for its growth, five nitrogen levels(1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 mmol·L~(-1)) were used in a pot experiment and morphological, physiological, and photosynthetic characteristics of P. wettsteinii were studied. The results showed that when P. wettsteinii was treated with 3 mmol·L~(-1) of nitrogen, its growth index, biomass, and nitrogen content were higher; soluble protein(SP) content and proline(Pro) content, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities were higher;chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance were higher; while malondialdehyde content and intercellular CO_2 concentration were lower(P < 0.05). Under nitrogen deficiency(1 mmol·L~(-1))and excess nitrogen(7～ 9 mmol·L~(-1)) conditions, SP and Pro content, enzyme activities, and chlorophyll content of P.wettsteinii were reduced and plant growth was inhibited. Principal component analysis and fuzzy membership function were used to evaluate the effects of the five nitrogen levels on the performance of P. wettsteinii. The results showed that the optimum nitrogen level for the growth of P. wettsteinii is 3 mmol·L~(-1).
To understand the adaptive mechanisms of Paspalum wettsteinii in response to nitrogen and explore the level of nitrogen suitable for its growth, five nitrogen levels(1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 mmol·L~(-1)) were used in a pot experiment and morphological, physiological, and photosynthetic characteristics of P. wettsteinii were studied. The results showed that when P. wettsteinii was treated with 3 mmol·L~(-1) of nitrogen, its growth index, biomass, and nitrogen content were higher; soluble protein(SP) content and proline(Pro) content, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities were higher;chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance were higher; while malondialdehyde content and intercellular CO_2 concentration were lower(P < 0.05). Under nitrogen deficiency(1 mmol·L~(-1))and excess nitrogen(7～ 9 mmol·L~(-1)) conditions, SP and Pro content, enzyme activities, and chlorophyll content of P.wettsteinii were reduced and plant growth was inhibited. Principal component analysis and fuzzy membership function were used to evaluate the effects of the five nitrogen levels on the performance of P. wettsteinii. The results showed that the optimum nitrogen level for the growth of P. wettsteinii is 3 mmol·L~(-1).
引文
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[18]陈新,宋高原,张宗文,吴斌.PEG-6000胁迫下裸燕麦萌发期抗旱性鉴定与评价.植物遗传资源学报,2014,15(6):1188-1195.CHEN X,SONG G Y,ZHANG Z W,WU B.Identification and evaluation of drought resistance of Naked Oat(Avena nuda L.)under PEG-6000 stress at germination stage.Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2014,15(6):1188-1195.
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