温度对凸壳肌蛤能量收支的影响
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摘要
凸壳肌蛤(Arcuatula senhousei)是虾蟹等养殖品种的优质饵料生物,也是极具养殖潜力的贝类品种。为了深入了解其生理代谢,利用室内静水法对不同温度(7℃、15℃、23℃、31℃)凸壳肌蛤的摄食率、排粪率、耗氧率、排氨率等生理指标进行了研究,并建立了能量收支方程。结果显示,23℃时的滤水率、摄食率、耗氧率、同化效率均显著高于其他温度梯度(P<0.05),分别达到了1.09 L/(g·h)、24.46 mg/(g·h)、3.50 mg/(g·h)和62.93%;7℃时的滤水率、摄食率、耗氧率、排粪率、排氨率均低于其他温度梯度,分别为0.24 L/(g·h)、6.04 mg/(g·h)、1.02 mg/(g·h)、4.20 mg/(g·h)、2.33μmol/(g·h)。且滤水率、摄食率、耗氧率、同化效率随着温度升高都呈先升高后下降的趋势,在23℃时均达到最高值。不同温度下的能量收支方程为:100C=58.12F+46.74R+2.54U–7.40P(7℃);100C=44.28F+29.14R+1.85U+24.73P(15℃);100C=17.18F+41.81R+6.64U+34.37P(23℃);100C=53.35F+28.26R+14.66U+3.73P(31℃)。能量收支研究表明,生长能(P)、呼吸能(R)、排泄能(U)和粪便能(F)占摄食能(C)的比例分别为–7.4%~34.37%、28.26%~46.74%、1.85%~14.66%、17.18%~58.12%,23℃时生长能占摄食能的比例显著高于其他温度梯度(P<0.05),达到了34.37%;7℃时最低,为–7.40%。研究结果为深入了解凸壳肌蛤的生理能量学提供了数据支撑。
Arcuatula senhousia is a high-quality food for shrimps, crabs, and other aquaculture species and is a type of shellfish with a high breed latent capacity. The effects of temperature(7℃, 15℃, 23℃, 31℃) on the physiological metabolism of A. senhousia were studied using the stagnant water method under controlled laboratory conditions in October 2015, to obtain a deeper understanding of its physiological metabolism and to establish its energy budget. The results showed that the filtration rate, feeding rate, oxygen consumption rate, and assimilation efficiency of A. senhousia at 23℃ were significantly higher than those at other temperatures(P<0.05), by up to 1.09 L/(g·h), 24.46 mg/(g·h), 3.50 mg/(g·h), and 62.93%, respectively. The filtration rate, feeding rate, oxygen consumption rate, fecal pellet production rate, and ammonia excretion rate of A. senhousia at 7℃ were significantly lower than those at other temperatures(P<0.05), as low as 0.24 L/(g·h), 6.04 mg/(g·h), 1.02 mg/(g·h), 4.20 mg/(g·h), and 2.33 μmol/(g·h), respectively. With increased temperature, the filtration rate, feeding rate, oxygen consumption rate, and assimilation efficiency of A. senhousia increased and then decreased, reaching the highest value at 23℃. The energy budget equations at different temperatures are as follows: 100 C=58.12 F+46.74 R+2.54 U–7.40 P(7℃); 100 C=44.28 F+29.14 R+1.85 U+24.73 P(15℃); 100 C=17.18 F+41.81 R+6.64 U+34.37 P(23 ℃); 100 C= 53.35 F+28.26 R+14.66 U+3.73 P(31 ℃); The energy budget equations show that the energy required for growth(P), respiration(R), excretion(U), and feces(F) accounts for –7.4% to 34.37%, 28.26% to 46.74%, 1.85% to 14.66%, and 17.18% to 58.12% of the feeding energy(C), respectively. The proportion of growth energy to feeding energy varies greatly at different temperatures. Growth energy accounts for the highest percentage(34.37%) at 23℃(P<0.05) and the lowest percentage(–7.40%) at 7℃. The results of this study provide theoretical guidance for a deeper understanding of the physiological energetics of A. senhousia.
Arcuatula senhousia is a high-quality food for shrimps, crabs, and other aquaculture species and is a type of shellfish with a high breed latent capacity. The effects of temperature(7℃, 15℃, 23℃, 31℃) on the physiological metabolism of A. senhousia were studied using the stagnant water method under controlled laboratory conditions in October 2015, to obtain a deeper understanding of its physiological metabolism and to establish its energy budget. The results showed that the filtration rate, feeding rate, oxygen consumption rate, and assimilation efficiency of A. senhousia at 23℃ were significantly higher than those at other temperatures(P<0.05), by up to 1.09 L/(g·h), 24.46 mg/(g·h), 3.50 mg/(g·h), and 62.93%, respectively. The filtration rate, feeding rate, oxygen consumption rate, fecal pellet production rate, and ammonia excretion rate of A. senhousia at 7℃ were significantly lower than those at other temperatures(P<0.05), as low as 0.24 L/(g·h), 6.04 mg/(g·h), 1.02 mg/(g·h), 4.20 mg/(g·h), and 2.33 μmol/(g·h), respectively. With increased temperature, the filtration rate, feeding rate, oxygen consumption rate, and assimilation efficiency of A. senhousia increased and then decreased, reaching the highest value at 23℃. The energy budget equations at different temperatures are as follows: 100 C=58.12 F+46.74 R+2.54 U–7.40 P(7℃); 100 C=44.28 F+29.14 R+1.85 U+24.73 P(15℃); 100 C=17.18 F+41.81 R+6.64 U+34.37 P(23 ℃); 100 C= 53.35 F+28.26 R+14.66 U+3.73 P(31 ℃); The energy budget equations show that the energy required for growth(P), respiration(R), excretion(U), and feces(F) accounts for –7.4% to 34.37%, 28.26% to 46.74%, 1.85% to 14.66%, and 17.18% to 58.12% of the feeding energy(C), respectively. The proportion of growth energy to feeding energy varies greatly at different temperatures. Growth energy accounts for the highest percentage(34.37%) at 23℃(P<0.05) and the lowest percentage(–7.40%) at 7℃. The results of this study provide theoretical guidance for a deeper understanding of the physiological energetics of A. senhousia.
引文
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Conover RJ,Corner EDS.Respiration and nitrogen excretion by some marine zooplankton in relation to their life cycles.Journal of Marine Biological Association of the UK,1968,48(1):49-75
Crisp DJ.Energy flow measurements.Methods for the Study of Marine Benthos,1984,284-372
Dall W,Smith DM.Oxygen consumption and ammonia-Nexcretion in fed and starved tiger prawns,Penaeus esculentus Haswell.Aquaculture,1986,55(1):23-33
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Feng JB,Wang MZ,Chen HC,et al.Effects of temperature and body size on oxygen consumption rate of Meretrix meretrix.Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University,2004,13(2):126-129[冯建彬,王美珍,陈汉春,等.温度和规格对文蛤耗氧率的影响.上海水产大学学报,2004,13(2):126-129]
Glud RN.Oxygen dynamics of marine sediments.Marine Biology Research,2008,4(4):243-289
Griffiths RJ.Filtration,respiration and assimilation in the black mussel Choromytilus meridionalis.Marine Ecology Progress Series,1980,3(1):63-70
Guan FT,Han YP,Qu WG.On the habitat and growth of Museulus senhousei(Benson).Journal of Fisheries of China,1989,13(3):181-188[关福田,韩一萍,曲维功.寻氏肌蛤生境及生长的初步研究.水产学报,1989,13(3):181-188]
Hiebenthal C,Philipp EER,Eisenhauer A,et al.Effects of seawater p CO2 and temperature on shell growth,shell stability,condition and cellular stress of western Baltic Sea Mytilus edulis(L.)and Arctica islandica(L.).Marine Biology,2013,160(8):2073-2087
Jansen JM,Pronker AE,Kube S,et al.Geographic and seasonal patterns and limits on the adaptive response to temperature of European Mytilus spp.and Macoma balthica populations.Oecologia,2007,154(1):23-24
Jiang ZH,Wang J.Effects of temperature and body size on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of Arca subcrenata.Journal of Qingdao University,1999a,12(1):77-81[姜祖辉,王俊.温度和规格对毛蚶耗氧率和排氨率的影响.青岛大学学报,1999a,12(1):77-81]
Jiang ZH,Wang J,Tang QS.Studies on physiological ecology of short-necked clam(ruditapes philippinarum)I.effects of temperature,body weight and feeding state on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate.Marine Fisheries Research,1999b,20(1):40-44[姜祖辉,王俊,唐启升.菲律宾蛤仔生理生态学研究Ⅰ.温度、体重及摄食状态对耗氧率及排氨率的影响.海洋水产研究,1999b,20(1):40-44]
Kong ML,Chen BY,Liu MQ,et al.Study on peptided-zinc chelate of hydrolyzed protein from Arcuatula senhousei.Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2013,41(27):11145-11149[孔美兰,陈碧云,刘谋泉,等.寻氏肌蛤蛋白水解液制备锌蛋白盐的研究.安徽农业科学,2013,41(27):11145-11149]
Kuang SH,Fang JG,Sun HL,et al.Seasonal variation of filtration rate and assimilation efficiency of scallop Chlamys farreri in Sanggou Bay.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1996,27(2):194-199[匡世焕,方建光,孙慧玲,等.桑沟湾栉孔扇贝不同季节滤水率和同化率的比较.海洋与湖沼,1996,27(2):194-199]
Lin XT,Zhong JX,Xie XY,et al.The effect of temperature on the energy budget of Perna viridis.Marine Sciences,2002,26(4):13-16[林小涛,钟金香,颉晓勇,等.温度对翡翠贻贝能量收支的影响.海洋科学,2002,26(4):13-16]
Mao YZ,Zhou Y,Yang HS,et al.Seasonal variation in metabolism of cultured Pacific oyster,Crassostrea gigas,in Sanggou Bay,China.Aquaculture,2006,253(1):322-333
Mao XH,Hao YW,Yang XL.Carbon metabolism and energy metabolism of Argopecten irradians and Chlamys farreri.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,1997,19(4):132-137[毛兴华,郝亚威,杨小龙.海湾扇贝和栉孔扇贝的碳代谢及能量代谢.海洋学报,1997,19(4):132-137]
Mayzaud P.Respiration and nitrogen excretion of zooplankton.IV.The influence of starvation on the metabolism and the biochemical composition of some species.Marine Biology,1976,37(1):47-58
Newell RC,Johson LG,Kofoed LH.Adjustment of the components of energy balance in response to temperature change in Ostrea edulis.Oecologia,1977,30(2):97-110
Qian JH,Li ZM,Shen YC,et al.Synergistic effect of temperature and salinity on antioxidant enzymes activities of Chlamys nobilis.South China Fisheries Science,2015,11(6):49-57[钱佳慧,栗志民,申玉春,等.温度和盐度对华贵栉孔扇贝抗氧化酶活性的联合效应研究.南方水产科学,2015,11(6):49-57]
Ren JS,Ross AH.A dynamic energy budget model of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.Ecological Modelling,2001,142(1):105-120
Shumway SE.Oxygen consumption in oysters:An overview.Marine Biology Letters,1982,3(1):1-23
Valenti CC,Epifanio CE.The use of a biodeposition collector for estimation of assmilation efficiency in oysters.Aquaculture,1981,25(1):89-94
Vanni MJ.Nutrient cycling by animals in freshwater ecosystems.Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,2002,33(1):341-370
Wang J,Jiang ZH,Zhang B,et al.Study on energy budget of farrerid scallop(Chlamys farreri).Marine Fisheries Research,1999,20(2):71-75[王俊,姜祖辉,张波,等.栉孔扇贝能量收支的研究.海洋水产研究,1999,20(2):71-75]
Widdows J,Johnson D.Physiological energetics of Mytilus edulis:Scope for growth.Marine Ecology Progress Series,1988,46(1):113-121
Xie XY.Study on energy budgets and carrying capacity of Perna viridis(Linnaeus).Master′s Thesis of Jinan University,2001,13-14[颉晓勇.翡翠贻贝能量收支及养殖容量的研究.暨南大学硕士研究生学位论文,2001,13-14]
Yang HS,Zhang T,Wang P,et al.Effect of temperature on oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion of the Southern Bay scallop Argopecten irradians concentricus.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,1998,20(4):91-96[杨红生,张涛,王萍,等.温度对墨西哥湾扇贝耗氧率及排泄率的影响.海洋学报,1998,20(4):91-96
Cai YY.Aquaculture and utilization of Museulus senhousia.Fisheries and Education,1975(1):87-90[蔡英亚.寻氏肌蛤的养殖和利用.水产与教育,1975(1):87-90]
Carfoot TH.Animal energetics.New York:Academic Press,1987,407-515
Chai XL,Zhang JM,Fang J,et al.Study on carbon budget of main bivalves in Yueqing Bay and Sanmeng Bay.Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University,2006,15(1):52-58[柴雪良,张炯明,方军,等.乐清湾,三门湾主要滤食性养殖贝类碳收支的研究.上海水产大学学报,2006,15(1):52-58]
Conover RJ.Assimilation of organic matter by zooplankton.Limnology and Oceanography,1966,11(3):338-345
Conover RJ,Corner EDS.Respiration and nitrogen excretion by some marine zooplankton in relation to their life cycles.Journal of Marine Biological Association of the UK,1968,48(1):49-75
Crisp DJ.Energy flow measurements.Methods for the Study of Marine Benthos,1984,284-372
Dall W,Smith DM.Oxygen consumption and ammonia-Nexcretion in fed and starved tiger prawns,Penaeus esculentus Haswell.Aquaculture,1986,55(1):23-33
Dong ZG,Li JL,Wang MZ,et al.The influence of body size and temperature on oxygen consumption rate of Hyriopsis cummingii.Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University,2004,13(1):47-51[董志国,李家乐,王美珍,等.规格和温度对三角帆蚌耗氧率的影响.上海水产大学学报,2004,13(1):47-51]
Fan DP,Pan LQ,Ma S,et al.Effects of temperature on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of Sinonovacula constricta.Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao,2002,32(1):56-62[范德朋,潘鲁青,马甡,等.温度对缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)耗氧率和排氨率的影响.青岛海洋大学学报,2002,32(1):56-62]
Feng JB,Wang MZ,Chen HC,et al.Effects of temperature and body size on oxygen consumption rate of Meretrix meretrix.Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University,2004,13(2):126-129[冯建彬,王美珍,陈汉春,等.温度和规格对文蛤耗氧率的影响.上海水产大学学报,2004,13(2):126-129]
Glud RN.Oxygen dynamics of marine sediments.Marine Biology Research,2008,4(4):243-289
Griffiths RJ.Filtration,respiration and assimilation in the black mussel Choromytilus meridionalis.Marine Ecology Progress Series,1980,3(1):63-70
Guan FT,Han YP,Qu WG.On the habitat and growth of Museulus senhousei(Benson).Journal of Fisheries of China,1989,13(3):181-188[关福田,韩一萍,曲维功.寻氏肌蛤生境及生长的初步研究.水产学报,1989,13(3):181-188]
Hiebenthal C,Philipp EER,Eisenhauer A,et al.Effects of seawater p CO2 and temperature on shell growth,shell stability,condition and cellular stress of western Baltic Sea Mytilus edulis(L.)and Arctica islandica(L.).Marine Biology,2013,160(8):2073-2087
Jansen JM,Pronker AE,Kube S,et al.Geographic and seasonal patterns and limits on the adaptive response to temperature of European Mytilus spp.and Macoma balthica populations.Oecologia,2007,154(1):23-24
Jiang ZH,Wang J.Effects of temperature and body size on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of Arca subcrenata.Journal of Qingdao University,1999a,12(1):77-81[姜祖辉,王俊.温度和规格对毛蚶耗氧率和排氨率的影响.青岛大学学报,1999a,12(1):77-81]
Jiang ZH,Wang J,Tang QS.Studies on physiological ecology of short-necked clam(ruditapes philippinarum)I.effects of temperature,body weight and feeding state on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate.Marine Fisheries Research,1999b,20(1):40-44[姜祖辉,王俊,唐启升.菲律宾蛤仔生理生态学研究Ⅰ.温度、体重及摄食状态对耗氧率及排氨率的影响.海洋水产研究,1999b,20(1):40-44]
Kong ML,Chen BY,Liu MQ,et al.Study on peptided-zinc chelate of hydrolyzed protein from Arcuatula senhousei.Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2013,41(27):11145-11149[孔美兰,陈碧云,刘谋泉,等.寻氏肌蛤蛋白水解液制备锌蛋白盐的研究.安徽农业科学,2013,41(27):11145-11149]
Kuang SH,Fang JG,Sun HL,et al.Seasonal variation of filtration rate and assimilation efficiency of scallop Chlamys farreri in Sanggou Bay.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1996,27(2):194-199[匡世焕,方建光,孙慧玲,等.桑沟湾栉孔扇贝不同季节滤水率和同化率的比较.海洋与湖沼,1996,27(2):194-199]
Lin XT,Zhong JX,Xie XY,et al.The effect of temperature on the energy budget of Perna viridis.Marine Sciences,2002,26(4):13-16[林小涛,钟金香,颉晓勇,等.温度对翡翠贻贝能量收支的影响.海洋科学,2002,26(4):13-16]
Mao YZ,Zhou Y,Yang HS,et al.Seasonal variation in metabolism of cultured Pacific oyster,Crassostrea gigas,in Sanggou Bay,China.Aquaculture,2006,253(1):322-333
Mao XH,Hao YW,Yang XL.Carbon metabolism and energy metabolism of Argopecten irradians and Chlamys farreri.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,1997,19(4):132-137[毛兴华,郝亚威,杨小龙.海湾扇贝和栉孔扇贝的碳代谢及能量代谢.海洋学报,1997,19(4):132-137]
Mayzaud P.Respiration and nitrogen excretion of zooplankton.IV.The influence of starvation on the metabolism and the biochemical composition of some species.Marine Biology,1976,37(1):47-58
Newell RC,Johson LG,Kofoed LH.Adjustment of the components of energy balance in response to temperature change in Ostrea edulis.Oecologia,1977,30(2):97-110
Qian JH,Li ZM,Shen YC,et al.Synergistic effect of temperature and salinity on antioxidant enzymes activities of Chlamys nobilis.South China Fisheries Science,2015,11(6):49-57[钱佳慧,栗志民,申玉春,等.温度和盐度对华贵栉孔扇贝抗氧化酶活性的联合效应研究.南方水产科学,2015,11(6):49-57]
Ren JS,Ross AH.A dynamic energy budget model of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.Ecological Modelling,2001,142(1):105-120
Shumway SE.Oxygen consumption in oysters:An overview.Marine Biology Letters,1982,3(1):1-23
Valenti CC,Epifanio CE.The use of a biodeposition collector for estimation of assmilation efficiency in oysters.Aquaculture,1981,25(1):89-94
Vanni MJ.Nutrient cycling by animals in freshwater ecosystems.Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,2002,33(1):341-370
Wang J,Jiang ZH,Zhang B,et al.Study on energy budget of farrerid scallop(Chlamys farreri).Marine Fisheries Research,1999,20(2):71-75[王俊,姜祖辉,张波,等.栉孔扇贝能量收支的研究.海洋水产研究,1999,20(2):71-75]
Widdows J,Johnson D.Physiological energetics of Mytilus edulis:Scope for growth.Marine Ecology Progress Series,1988,46(1):113-121
Xie XY.Study on energy budgets and carrying capacity of Perna viridis(Linnaeus).Master′s Thesis of Jinan University,2001,13-14[颉晓勇.翡翠贻贝能量收支及养殖容量的研究.暨南大学硕士研究生学位论文,2001,13-14]
Yang HS,Zhang T,Wang P,et al.Effect of temperature on oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion of the Southern Bay scallop Argopecten irradians concentricus.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,1998,20(4):91-96[杨红生,张涛,王萍,等.温度对墨西哥湾扇贝耗氧率及排泄率的影响.海洋学报,1998,20(4):91-96