压水堆核电厂采用富集硼的优势与可行性分析
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摘要
压水堆核电厂通常采用天然硼进行反应性的化学补偿控制,研究表明采用富集硼替代天然硼,可以优化一回路水化学,降低一回路结构材料腐蚀风险和堆芯沉积风险,降低职业照射剂量。本文分析压水堆核电厂采用富集硼的优势与可行性,介绍国内外核电厂富集硼的应用情况。最后对我国华龙一号堆型和在役压水堆核电厂富集硼的应用提出建议。
Natural boron is widely used for chemical compensation control of reactivity in PWR. Research shows enriched boron, as an alternative of natural boron, can optimize the primary loop hydrochemistry and therefore reduce the materials corrosion risk of primary loop structure and core deposition risk. It reduces the occupational exposure dose as well. This paper analyzes the advantages and feasibility of using enriched boron in PWR. It introduces the practical application of enriched boron in both domestic and overseas PWRs. Finally, suggestions are proposed on the application of enriched boron for HPR1000 and domestic operating PWRs.
Natural boron is widely used for chemical compensation control of reactivity in PWR. Research shows enriched boron, as an alternative of natural boron, can optimize the primary loop hydrochemistry and therefore reduce the materials corrosion risk of primary loop structure and core deposition risk. It reduces the occupational exposure dose as well. This paper analyzes the advantages and feasibility of using enriched boron in PWR. It introduces the practical application of enriched boron in both domestic and overseas PWRs. Finally, suggestions are proposed on the application of enriched boron for HPR1000 and domestic operating PWRs.
引文
[1] AREVA. Reactor coolant chemical characteristics and specifications[R].TS-X-NIEP-NEEM-F-DC-20001,Taishan Nuclear Power Station,2008/10
[2] EPRI. An evaluation of enriched boric acid in European PWRs[R]. EPRI Technical Report 1003124, 2001/10
[3] 方岚,徐春艳,刘新华,等.压水堆核电站一回路活化腐蚀产物源项控制措施探讨[J].辐射防护,2012,32(1):8-14.FANG Lan, XU Chunyan,LIU Xinhua, et al. Source term control measures for activation/corrosion products in PWR primary system[J]. Radiation Protection,2012,32(1):8-14.
[4] 张绮霞.压水反应堆的化学化工问题[M].北京:原子能出版社,1984:152-153.
[5] Odar S.Fundamental aspects of water chemistry in the primary system of PWRs[C].Water Chemistry Seminar Su Zhou,China,2007.
[6] Song M C, Lee K J. The evaluation of radioactive corrosion product at PWR as change of primary coolant chemistry for Long-term fuel cycle[J].Annals of Nuclear Energy,2003,30:1 231-1 246.
[7] 高惠斌,张乐福,方军.停堆氧化运行中主回路活化腐蚀产物的迁移与控制[J].核动力工程,2009,4:78-81.GAO Huibin, ZHANG Lefu, FANG Jun. Migration and control of activated corrosion products in primary coolant loop during reactor shutdown oxygenation operation. [J]. Nuclear Power Engineering, 2009,4:78-81.
[8] 方岚,刘新华,吴浩,等.内陆核电厂硼的排放控制[J].核科学与工程,2011,31(1):86-92.FANG Lan, LIU Xinhua, WU Hao, et al. Discharge control of boron in inland nuclear power plant[J]. Chinese Journalof Nuclear Science and Engineering,2011,31(1):86-92.
[9] 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司.宁德核电厂一期工程放射性废物最小化论证报告[R].2012-04.
[10] Debra Wiedenmann, Kevin S. Cook. The benefits of using enriched boric acid in commercial Nuclear Power Plants. Proceedings of nuclear plant chemistry conference 2014, Sapporo.
[2] EPRI. An evaluation of enriched boric acid in European PWRs[R]. EPRI Technical Report 1003124, 2001/10
[3] 方岚,徐春艳,刘新华,等.压水堆核电站一回路活化腐蚀产物源项控制措施探讨[J].辐射防护,2012,32(1):8-14.FANG Lan, XU Chunyan,LIU Xinhua, et al. Source term control measures for activation/corrosion products in PWR primary system[J]. Radiation Protection,2012,32(1):8-14.
[4] 张绮霞.压水反应堆的化学化工问题[M].北京:原子能出版社,1984:152-153.
[5] Odar S.Fundamental aspects of water chemistry in the primary system of PWRs[C].Water Chemistry Seminar Su Zhou,China,2007.
[6] Song M C, Lee K J. The evaluation of radioactive corrosion product at PWR as change of primary coolant chemistry for Long-term fuel cycle[J].Annals of Nuclear Energy,2003,30:1 231-1 246.
[7] 高惠斌,张乐福,方军.停堆氧化运行中主回路活化腐蚀产物的迁移与控制[J].核动力工程,2009,4:78-81.GAO Huibin, ZHANG Lefu, FANG Jun. Migration and control of activated corrosion products in primary coolant loop during reactor shutdown oxygenation operation. [J]. Nuclear Power Engineering, 2009,4:78-81.
[8] 方岚,刘新华,吴浩,等.内陆核电厂硼的排放控制[J].核科学与工程,2011,31(1):86-92.FANG Lan, LIU Xinhua, WU Hao, et al. Discharge control of boron in inland nuclear power plant[J]. Chinese Journalof Nuclear Science and Engineering,2011,31(1):86-92.
[9] 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司.宁德核电厂一期工程放射性废物最小化论证报告[R].2012-04.
[10] Debra Wiedenmann, Kevin S. Cook. The benefits of using enriched boric acid in commercial Nuclear Power Plants. Proceedings of nuclear plant chemistry conference 2014, Sapporo.