漆包线企业作业工人职业接触血常规相关异常危险因素探讨
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摘要
目的探讨漆包线企业作业工人职业接触相关血常规异常发生情况及危险因素,为防治职业病提供建议。方法通过健康检查和问卷调查对铜陵市两家漆包线企业的416名员工进行调查,采用单因素分析结合多因素logistic逐步回归探讨漆包线作业工人发生职业接触相关血常规异常的危险因素。结果多因素logistic逐步回归分析显示,漆包线企业作业工人年龄每增加1岁,其发生血常规异常的OR值为1.08,95%CI为1.01~1.15;相对于男性员工,女性员工发生血常规异常的OR值为3.52,95%CI为1.78~6.97;相对于非噪声作业环境,噪声作业环境作业工人发生血常规异常的OR值为2.41,95%CI为1.23~4.72;相对于辅助工种,漆包工及清洁工发生血常规异常的OR值为3.11,95%CI为1.37~7.09;差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论年龄增长、女性、接触职业病危害因素概率和噪声作业环境是职业接触相关血常规异常的重要危险因素。
Objective To explore the occurrence and related risk factors of blood routine abnormalities due to occupational exposure in enameled wire enterprises,provide measures to prevent and control occupational diseases.Methods Questionnaire and occupational health examination were performed to analyze the related risk factors of the blood routine abnormalities in 416 enameled wire workers,multifactorial logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to explore influence factors.Results The results of multiple logistic analysis showed that occupation abnormalities were significantly affected by age,sex,noise,and occupational exposure(P<0.05).The OR for the blood routine abnormalities was 1.08(95%CI:1.01-1.15)with increased one working year;that for female was 3.52(95%C:1.78-6.97)compared to male;that for exposure to noise was 2.41(95%CI:1.23-4.72)compared to no noise exposure;that for enameled wire workers and cleaners was 3.11(95%CI:1.37-7.09)compared to backmen.Conclusions Age,female,occupational exposure and noise are important factors affecting the blood routine abnormalities in the enameled wire enterprises.
Objective To explore the occurrence and related risk factors of blood routine abnormalities due to occupational exposure in enameled wire enterprises,provide measures to prevent and control occupational diseases.Methods Questionnaire and occupational health examination were performed to analyze the related risk factors of the blood routine abnormalities in 416 enameled wire workers,multifactorial logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to explore influence factors.Results The results of multiple logistic analysis showed that occupation abnormalities were significantly affected by age,sex,noise,and occupational exposure(P<0.05).The OR for the blood routine abnormalities was 1.08(95%CI:1.01-1.15)with increased one working year;that for female was 3.52(95%C:1.78-6.97)compared to male;that for exposure to noise was 2.41(95%CI:1.23-4.72)compared to no noise exposure;that for enameled wire workers and cleaners was 3.11(95%CI:1.37-7.09)compared to backmen.Conclusions Age,female,occupational exposure and noise are important factors affecting the blood routine abnormalities in the enameled wire enterprises.
引文
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[2]王宇楠,叶代启,林俊敏,等.漆包线行业挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放特征研究[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(6):980-987.
[3]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GBZ188-2014职业健康监护技术规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[4]吴成峰,丁士旵,张乾驰.铜陵市漆包线企业职业危害知信行影响因素分析[J].职业与健康,2015,31(2):148-151.
[5]凌春华,李福,索晋玄.漆包线行业节能减排技术的发展[J].电线电缆,2012,1(3):4-7.
[6]曾婉昀.重污染行业有机废气来源及净化技术[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014:11-14.
[7]张静,吕建萍,张晨,等.低浓度苯作业工人健康状况及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2012,28(8):1020-1022.
[8]刘洋,张巧耘,钟丽,等.苯作业工人外周血白细胞下降及其影响因素[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(12):924-928.
[9]王华芳,苏广校.珠海市1674例苯作业工人职业体检异常结果分析[J].中外医学研究,2016,14(18):58-59.
[10]Carmen GK,Peter B,Gunter L,et al.How sex and age affect immune responses,susceptibility to infections,and response to vaccination[J].Aging Cell,2015,14(3):309-321.
[11]丰薇薇,黎书锦.573例肇庆市区噪声作业女工的健康调查[J].工业卫生与职业病,2015,41(3):177-180.
[12]吕爱军,薛晓丹,汤乃军,等.某木业加工企业噪声对人体健康的影响[J].工业卫生与职业病,2014,40(4):266-269.
[13]Yoon JH,Won JU,Lee WH,et al.Occupational noise annoyance linked to depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation:a result from nationwide survey of Korea[J].PLoS ONE,2014,9(8):105321.
[14]Marild K,Frostell AS,Ludvigsson JF.Psychological stress and coeliac disease in childhood:a cohort study[J].BMC Gastroenterology,2010,10(1):1-6.