毛竹根挖掘机的设计与试验
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摘要
针对竹根挖掘过程机械化程度低,造成人力、物力浪费等问题,自主研发了一种自动挖掘竹根的机器,其具有过程稳定性强、便于携带等优点,适用于大面积竹林资源的开发,有助于竹资源的可持续发展。对所设计的挖掘机进行性能实验得出,该毛竹根挖掘机的有效挖掘深度为250 mm,而大多数竹根深度为150~200 mm,即使竹根深度超过其有效深度,该机器依然能把竹根完整挖出;该竹根挖掘机挖单个竹根所花费的时间为2~5 min,相比于传统人工,效率提高了65%,且能实现自动化。土壤湿度越大,挖掘竹根的难度相应增加,当土壤湿度较大时,并不一定能把竹根完整挖出,有时需要人工辅助。对于较干土壤,挖掘机可以完整地把竹根挖出;对于干土壤,该机器也能成功把竹根完整拔出,并且可以切开砂石颗粒,降低土壤硬度,有利于新竹的成长发育。
Aiming at the low degree of mechanization of bamboo root excavation process,which caused manpower and material waste,this paper has developed a machine which automatically excavates bamboo roots,which has the advantages of strong process stability and easy carrying. It is very suitable for large area bamboo forest Resource development,contribute to the sustainable development of bamboo resources. The excavation depth of the bamboo root excavator is 250 mm,and most of the bamboo root excavation depth of 150-200 mm,even if the root depth of more than its effective depth,the machine can still dig a complete bamboo root. After the field experiment in the mountainous area of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,it takes about 2-5 minutes to record the excavation of a single bamboo root,which is 65%higher than that of traditional labor,and can be automated. According to the test results,for the soil with different humidity,with the increase of humidity,the difficulty of digging bamboo root increases accordingly. When the soil moisture is large,it is not necessary to dig out the bamboo root completely,and sometimes need artificial assistance. For the more dry soil,digging machine can be a complete bamboo root dug out.For dry soil,the machine can also successfully pull out the bamboo root,and can cut sand and gravel particles,can reduce the soil hardness,is conducive to the growth and development of new bamboo.
Aiming at the low degree of mechanization of bamboo root excavation process,which caused manpower and material waste,this paper has developed a machine which automatically excavates bamboo roots,which has the advantages of strong process stability and easy carrying. It is very suitable for large area bamboo forest Resource development,contribute to the sustainable development of bamboo resources. The excavation depth of the bamboo root excavator is 250 mm,and most of the bamboo root excavation depth of 150-200 mm,even if the root depth of more than its effective depth,the machine can still dig a complete bamboo root. After the field experiment in the mountainous area of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,it takes about 2-5 minutes to record the excavation of a single bamboo root,which is 65%higher than that of traditional labor,and can be automated. According to the test results,for the soil with different humidity,with the increase of humidity,the difficulty of digging bamboo root increases accordingly. When the soil moisture is large,it is not necessary to dig out the bamboo root completely,and sometimes need artificial assistance. For the more dry soil,digging machine can be a complete bamboo root dug out.For dry soil,the machine can also successfully pull out the bamboo root,and can cut sand and gravel particles,can reduce the soil hardness,is conducive to the growth and development of new bamboo.
引文
[1]盛国成,张亚军.日本AG500型手提式挖穴机[J].现代农业装备,2004(6):69-70.
[2]华文礼,吴礼栋.毛竹竹篼促腐技术研究初报[J].林业科技开发,2000,14(1):38-39.
[3]张京平,张华.往复式竹根挖掘机:CN101112167[P].2008-01-30.
[4]吴君琦.基于国际贸易的中国竹产业竞争力研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2009.
[5]张京平.筒形竹根挖掘机:CN201107951[P].2008-09-03.
[6]传媒湖州网.竹蒲头挖掘机在湖州亮相[EB/OL].(2009-10-26)[2014-06-22].http://www.hugd.com/xinzixun/2009-10/16/cms70795article.shtml.
[7]邓小雷,李欣,夏鑫鑫,等.DX1B型竹根挖掘机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(2):29-35.
[8]江子和,姚立健,朱世威,等.一种毛竹根挖掘机的设计和优化[J].林业工程学报,2017,2(4):121-127.
[9]周本智,傅懋毅.粗放经营毛竹林鞭系和根系结构研究[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(2):217-221.
[2]华文礼,吴礼栋.毛竹竹篼促腐技术研究初报[J].林业科技开发,2000,14(1):38-39.
[3]张京平,张华.往复式竹根挖掘机:CN101112167[P].2008-01-30.
[4]吴君琦.基于国际贸易的中国竹产业竞争力研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2009.
[5]张京平.筒形竹根挖掘机:CN201107951[P].2008-09-03.
[6]传媒湖州网.竹蒲头挖掘机在湖州亮相[EB/OL].(2009-10-26)[2014-06-22].http://www.hugd.com/xinzixun/2009-10/16/cms70795article.shtml.
[7]邓小雷,李欣,夏鑫鑫,等.DX1B型竹根挖掘机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(2):29-35.
[8]江子和,姚立健,朱世威,等.一种毛竹根挖掘机的设计和优化[J].林业工程学报,2017,2(4):121-127.
[9]周本智,傅懋毅.粗放经营毛竹林鞭系和根系结构研究[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(2):217-221.