广西全州地区晚泥盆世牙形石和腕足类生物地层
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摘要
广西东北部泥盆系发育良好,化石丰富,对研究中国华南地区泥盆纪生物地层具有重要意义。对广西全州地区东山剖面上泥盆统佘田桥组、锡矿山组和孟公坳组进行了系统的化石采集及室内分析,共获得104枚牙形石化石和34件腕足类化石。经鉴定,牙形石共21属19种,腕足类化石共6属9种。根据化石种属在东山剖面上的分布,自下而上可划分出8个牙形石带:Icriodus brecis带,Schmidtognathus hermanni-Polygnathus cristatus带,Schmidtognatus wittekindtii带,Palmatolepis linguiformis带,Palmatolepis triangularis带,Palmatolepis rhomboidea带,Icriodus cornutus带和Palmatolepis gracilis manca-Rhodalepis polylophodontiformis带,指示研究区内佘田桥组、锡矿山组、孟公坳组分别对应国际年代地层单位的弗拉斯阶上部、法门阶下部和法门阶中上部,并通过Palmatolepis triangularis的首现确立了该地区弗拉斯阶和法门阶(F-F)的界线;在东山剖面共划分出2个腕足类组合带:弓石燕(Cyrtospirifer)组合带和云南贝(Yunnanella)-帐幕石燕(Tenticosififer)组合带,它们分别与东山剖面中牙形石Palmatolepis falsiovalis-Palmatolepis linguiformis带、Palmatolepis rhomboidea-Palmatolepis marginifera带对应。
The Devonian strata are developed in northeastern Guilin area, where there exist large quantities of fossils, which are of great significance for studying the Devonian biostratigraphy in southern China. The authors collected and studied conodonts and brachiopods from Changlongjie Formation, Xikuangshan Formation and Menggongao Formation in the Middle-Upper Devonian strata of the study area and obtained 104 pieces of conodonts and 34 brachiopod fossils. 20 species of 21 genus of conodonts as well as 9 species of 6 genus of conodonts were identified. According to the important conodonts fossils, 8 conodont zones were set up from the bottom to the top in the study area: Icriodus brecis Zone, Schmidtognathus hermanni-Polygnathus cristatus Zone,Schmidtognathus wittekindtii Zone, Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone, Palmatolepis triangularis Zone, Palmatolepis rhomboidea Zone,Icriodus cornutus Zone, Palmatolepis gracilis manca-Rhodalepis polylophodontiformis Zone, which indicates that Changlongjie Formation, Xikuangshan Formation and Menggongao Formation correspond to the upper part of Frasnian stage, the bottom part of Famennian stage and the middle and upper part of Famennian stage, respectively. In addition, the authors indicated Frasnian stageFamennian stage boundary in the study area according to the first appearance of Palmatolepis triangularis, 2 combinations were established in the study area: Cyrtospirifer Zone and the Yunnanella-Tenticosififer Zone, which correspond to Palmatolepis falsiovalis Zone, Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone, Palmatolepis marginifera.
The Devonian strata are developed in northeastern Guilin area, where there exist large quantities of fossils, which are of great significance for studying the Devonian biostratigraphy in southern China. The authors collected and studied conodonts and brachiopods from Changlongjie Formation, Xikuangshan Formation and Menggongao Formation in the Middle-Upper Devonian strata of the study area and obtained 104 pieces of conodonts and 34 brachiopod fossils. 20 species of 21 genus of conodonts as well as 9 species of 6 genus of conodonts were identified. According to the important conodonts fossils, 8 conodont zones were set up from the bottom to the top in the study area: Icriodus brecis Zone, Schmidtognathus hermanni-Polygnathus cristatus Zone,Schmidtognathus wittekindtii Zone, Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone, Palmatolepis triangularis Zone, Palmatolepis rhomboidea Zone,Icriodus cornutus Zone, Palmatolepis gracilis manca-Rhodalepis polylophodontiformis Zone, which indicates that Changlongjie Formation, Xikuangshan Formation and Menggongao Formation correspond to the upper part of Frasnian stage, the bottom part of Famennian stage and the middle and upper part of Famennian stage, respectively. In addition, the authors indicated Frasnian stageFamennian stage boundary in the study area according to the first appearance of Palmatolepis triangularis, 2 combinations were established in the study area: Cyrtospirifer Zone and the Yunnanella-Tenticosififer Zone, which correspond to Palmatolepis falsiovalis Zone, Palmatolepis linguiformis Zone, Palmatolepis marginifera.
引文
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[3]王成源.广西泥盆纪牙形刺[M].北京:科学出版社, 1989:1-212.
[4]Wang C Y. Application of the Frasnian standard conodont zonation in South China[J]. Cfs Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.1994, 168(168):83-129.
[5]沈建伟.广西桂林泥盆纪牙形刺组合序列与海平面变化[J].微体古生物学报, 1995, 12(3):251-273.
[6]李华,马学平,韦龙明.广西莱子岩剖面中上泥盆统界线附近沉积相与海平面变化[J].古地理学报,2009, 11(5):504-512.
[7]江大勇,于干,百顺良.广西六景泥盆纪吉维特阶-弗拉斯阶界线层牙形石生物地层[J].地层学杂志, 2000, 24(3):195-200.
[8]白顺良.泥盆纪弗拉阶—法门阶事件的化学-生物地层学研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版), 1998, 34(2/3):363-369.
[9]Bai S L, Bai Z Q, Ma X P, et al. Devonian events and biostratigraphy of SouthChina[M]. Beijing:Peking University Press.1994:62-101.
[10]Bai S L. High-resolution correlation, Milankovitchcyclicity, and nickel events[M]. Beijing:Peking Universtiy Press. 1995:1-62.
[11]韩迎建.广西象州中坪马鞍山剖面上泥盆统的弗拉斯阶—法门阶(F-F)界线的研究[J].中国地质科学院院报, 1987, 17:171-194.
[12]季强.广西鹿寨江晚泥盆世牙形类[J].古生物学报, 1988, 27(5):607-614.
[13]Ji Q. On the Frasnian-Famennian mass extinction events in south China[J]. Cfs Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 1989, 117:275-301.
[14]曾雄伟,杜远生,张哲.广西六景泥盆系弗拉斯阶—法门阶界线层牙形石生物地层及碳同位素组成[J].古地理学报, 2010,12(2):185-193.
[15]王钰.广西南部郁江建造中的几种新腕足类[J].古生物学报.1956, 4(2):39-148.
[16]候鸿飞,鲜思远.广西、贵州下、中泥盆统腕足类化石[M].北京:地质出版社, 1975:1-117.
[17]徐冉,龚一鸣,曾剑威.华南晚泥盆世弗拉期—法门期之交葛万藻与腕足动物的耦合关系[J].地球科学, 2008, 38(12):1514-1520.
[18]马学平,宗普.湖南中—晚泥盆世腕足动物组合、海平面升降及古地理演变[J].地球科学, 2010, 40(9):1204-1218.
[19]李鑫,谈力,孙元林,等.腕足动物小嘴贝类Axiodeaneia属在广西的发现及意义[J].古生物学报,2011, 50(1):32-40.
[20]王卓卓,陈代钊,汪建国.广西南宁地区泥盆系硅质岩地球化学特征及沉积环境李华[J].沉积学报, 2007,25(2):239-245.
[21]Chen D Z, Tucker M E, Jiang M S, et al. Long-distance correlation between tectoniccontrolled, isolated carbonate platforms by cyclostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy in the Devonian of South China[J]. Sedimentology, 2001, 48(1):57-78.
[22]Chen D Z, Tucker M E,Jiang M S, et al.Carbonate sedimentation in a starved pull-apart basin,Middle to Late Devonian southern Guilin, South China[J]. Basin Research, 2001,13(2):141-167.
[23]Hou H F, Ji Q, Wang J X. Preliminary report on FrasnianFamennian events in South China[J]. Csf Special Publications,1988, 14(3):63-69.
[24]冯日照,韦龙明,何鸿.桂林地区晚泥盆世沉积相演化特征和海平面变化对F-F生物绝灭事件的影响[C]//冯佐海.华南青年地学学术研讨会论文集.广西:广西科技技术出版社, 2006:35-38.
[25]沈建伟,俞昌民,殷保安,等.桂林泥盆纪碳酸盐台地礁组合的层序地层研究[J].地层学杂志,1994, 18(3):161-167.
[26]王成源,王志浩.中国牙形刺生物地层[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社, 2016.
[27]李志洪,彭中勤,程龙,等.广西南垌早石炭世巴平组下段牙形刺新材料[J].微体古生物学报, 2014, 31(3):271-284
[28]王成源,徐珊红.广西忻城里苗石炭纪牙形刺[J].微体古生物学报, 1989, 6(1):31-44.
[29]程龙,王传尚,李志宏,等.广西象州崖脚晚泥盆世—晚石炭世巴平组的地质时代[J].中国地质, 2015,42(4):973-989.
[30]袁东勋,杜远生,曾雄伟.广西横县六景、德保都安泥盆系沉积古地理学研究[M].南京:中国古生物协会, 2009:88-89.
[31]蒋武,胡祖修,郑家凤.中国四川龙门山地区泥盆系牙形石[J].微体古生物学报, 1996,13(2):196-204.
[32]杨志华.滇西保山地区上泥盆统牙形石及其生物地层研究[D].中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文, 2016:1-66.
[33]Ma X P,Becker R T, Li H, et al. Early and Middle Frasnian brachiopod faunas and turnover on the South China shelf.[J]. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica,2006,51(4):789-812.
[34]许汉奎.湖南上泥盆统云南贝-小云南贝腕足动物群[J].地层学杂志,1979, 3(2):123-126.
[35]白顺良,金善燏,宁宗善,等.广西及邻区泥盆纪生物地层[M].北京:北京大学出版社, 1982:1-3.
[36]鲜思远,陈继荣,万正权.四川龙门山甘溪泥盆纪生态地层、层序地层与海平面变化[J].沉积与特提斯地质,1995,15(6):2-47.
[37]张美琼,马学平,张宇波.华南中—上泥盆统界线附近的秃嘴贝类腕足动物[J].古生物学报, 2015, 54(4):481-500.
[38]Bai S L, Bai Z Q, Ma X P, et al. Devonian events and biostratigraphy of South China[M]. Beijing:Peking University Press, 1994:1-303.
[39]Stauffer C R. Conodonts from the Devonian and associated clays of Minnesota[J]. Journal of Palentlolgy, 1940,14:417-435.
[40]葛利普.中国古生物志(乙种)——中国泥盆纪腕足类化石[M].北京:科学出版社,1926:156-461.
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