逆行非机动车骑行者的安全生理学特性
|
摘要
为减少非机动车逆向骑行对道路交通流的影响,提升道路安全水平,研究逆行非机动车骑行者的安全生理学特性。通过高精度摄像机获取西安市3个道路断面的非机动车逆行比例,利用运动手环及手机监测骑行者逆行时的速度和心率,应用时域分析法对比分析骑行者逆行与正常骑行时的心率变异性(HRV),并提出改善管控措施和优化交通设施设计等引导骑行者健康安全骑行的建议。结果表明:电动自行车逆行数量大,而自行车逆行率高;逆行时骑行者的行驶速度和HRV降低、心率升高,造成交感神经张力增加,不利于骑行者健康及交通安全。
The safety physiology characteristics of bicyclists on reverse riding conditions were studied for the purpose of reducing the influences of reverse riding on traffic flow and health condition of bicyclists,and improving roadway safety. High-resolution video cameras were utilized to obtain the proportion of reverse riding vehicles at three arteries' cross sections in Xi'an. The fitness wristband and cellphone were utilized to measure the riding speed and heart rate of the bicyclists. The time-domain theory was applied to compare the HRV characteristics between common and reverse riding. Corresponding improvements on reverse riding,including appropriate traffic management and control measures and the optimization of traffic facilities,were also provided to lead healthy and safe riding. The results indicate that there are more electrical reverse riding bicycles,however the traditional bicycle has a larger proportion of reverse riding.Reverse riding will lead to lower riding speed,higher heart rate and lower HRV,which may cause the sympathetic nerve hypertonia and be harmful to bicyclists.
The safety physiology characteristics of bicyclists on reverse riding conditions were studied for the purpose of reducing the influences of reverse riding on traffic flow and health condition of bicyclists,and improving roadway safety. High-resolution video cameras were utilized to obtain the proportion of reverse riding vehicles at three arteries' cross sections in Xi'an. The fitness wristband and cellphone were utilized to measure the riding speed and heart rate of the bicyclists. The time-domain theory was applied to compare the HRV characteristics between common and reverse riding. Corresponding improvements on reverse riding,including appropriate traffic management and control measures and the optimization of traffic facilities,were also provided to lead healthy and safe riding. The results indicate that there are more electrical reverse riding bicycles,however the traditional bicycle has a larger proportion of reverse riding.Reverse riding will lead to lower riding speed,higher heart rate and lower HRV,which may cause the sympathetic nerve hypertonia and be harmful to bicyclists.
引文
[1]WENDELL Corrin Hoegen.Urban street design guide[J].Journal of Planning Education and Research,2015,35(3):393-394.
[2]WOLSHON Brian,PANDE Anurag.Traffic engineering handbook[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons,2016:383-384.
[3]YAO Lin,WU Changxu.Traffic safety for electric bike riders in China:attitudes,risk perception,and aberrant riding behaviors[J].Transportation Research Record:Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2012,24(2314):49-56.
[4]ZHAO Xing,REN Gang,DU Xuan,et al.Characteristics and risk of violation behavior of non-motorists at signalized intersections[J].Journal of Southeast University:English Edition,2011,27(4):423-429.
[5]高志军,马路,闫学东.城市交叉口非机动车交通冲突及其严重程度模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(3):31-36.GAO Zhijun,MA Lu,YAN Xuedong.Research on models for traffic conflicts involving non-motor vehicles at city intersection and their severity[J].China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(3):31-36.
[6]GODDARD Tara Beth.Drivers'attitudes and behaviors toward bicyclists:intermodal interactions and implications for road safety[D].Portland,OR:Portland State University,2017.6.
[7]CHARLTON Ulrike.Ergonomics:foundational principles,applications,and technologies[J].Ergonomics,2013,56(8):1 346-1 347.
[8]曹瑾鑫,高志军.城市道路交叉口机动车与非机动车冲突和仿真研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(6):29-34.CAO Jinxin,GAO Zhijun.Research on conflicts between motor and non-motor vehicles at city road intersection and simulation of improvement measures[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(6):29-34.
[9]HU Feng,LYU Donglai,ZHU Jie,et al.Related risk factors for injury severity of e-bike and bicycle crashes in Hefei[J].Traffic Injury Prevention,2014,15(3):319-323.
[10]邝先验,曹韦华,吴赟.考虑混入逆行车辆的非机动车流元胞自动机模型[J].系统仿真学报,2016,28(2):268-274.KUANG Xianyan,CAO Weihua,WU Yun.Cellular automata model of non-motor vehicle flow considering reverse vehicles[J].Journal of System Simulation,2016,28(2):268-274.
[11]LI Yan,CHEN Kuammin,GUO Xiucheng.Impact of stretching-segment on saturated flow rate of signalized intersection using cellular automation[J].Journal of Central South University,2013,20(10):2 887-2 896.
[12]JORNA Peter G A M.Spectral analysis of heart rate and psychological state:a review of its validity as a workload index[J].Biological Psychology,1992,34(2):237-257.
[13]LI Yan,ZHOU Wenhui,NAN Sirui,et al.Redesign of the cross-section of bicycle lanes considering electric bicycles[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Transport,2017,170(5):255-266.
[14]MINIKEL Eric.Cyclist safety on bicycle boulevards and parallel arterial routes in Berkeley,California[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2012,45:241-247.
[15]LI Yan,ZHAO Zhihong,LI Pengfei,et al.Review of traffic signal control methods under over-saturated condition[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2013,13(4):116-126.
[16]KWAN Irene,MAPSTONE James.Visibility aids for pedestrians and cyclists:a systematic review of randomised controlled trials[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2004,36(3):305-312.
[17]SAROJ K L Lal,ASHLEY Craig.A critical review of the psychophysiology of driver fatigue[J].Biological Psychology,2001,55(3):173-194.
[18]AHAYADHAS Arun,SUNDARAJ Kenneth,MURUGAPPAN Murugappan.Detecting driver drowsiness based on sensors:a review[J].Sensors,2012,12(12):16 937-16 953.
[19]AKSELROD Solange,GORDON David,UBEL F Andrew,et al.Power spectrum analysis of heart rate fluctuation:a quantitative probe of beat-to-beat cardiovascular control[J].Science,1981,213(4504):220-222.
[2]WOLSHON Brian,PANDE Anurag.Traffic engineering handbook[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons,2016:383-384.
[3]YAO Lin,WU Changxu.Traffic safety for electric bike riders in China:attitudes,risk perception,and aberrant riding behaviors[J].Transportation Research Record:Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2012,24(2314):49-56.
[4]ZHAO Xing,REN Gang,DU Xuan,et al.Characteristics and risk of violation behavior of non-motorists at signalized intersections[J].Journal of Southeast University:English Edition,2011,27(4):423-429.
[5]高志军,马路,闫学东.城市交叉口非机动车交通冲突及其严重程度模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(3):31-36.GAO Zhijun,MA Lu,YAN Xuedong.Research on models for traffic conflicts involving non-motor vehicles at city intersection and their severity[J].China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(3):31-36.
[6]GODDARD Tara Beth.Drivers'attitudes and behaviors toward bicyclists:intermodal interactions and implications for road safety[D].Portland,OR:Portland State University,2017.6.
[7]CHARLTON Ulrike.Ergonomics:foundational principles,applications,and technologies[J].Ergonomics,2013,56(8):1 346-1 347.
[8]曹瑾鑫,高志军.城市道路交叉口机动车与非机动车冲突和仿真研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(6):29-34.CAO Jinxin,GAO Zhijun.Research on conflicts between motor and non-motor vehicles at city road intersection and simulation of improvement measures[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(6):29-34.
[9]HU Feng,LYU Donglai,ZHU Jie,et al.Related risk factors for injury severity of e-bike and bicycle crashes in Hefei[J].Traffic Injury Prevention,2014,15(3):319-323.
[10]邝先验,曹韦华,吴赟.考虑混入逆行车辆的非机动车流元胞自动机模型[J].系统仿真学报,2016,28(2):268-274.KUANG Xianyan,CAO Weihua,WU Yun.Cellular automata model of non-motor vehicle flow considering reverse vehicles[J].Journal of System Simulation,2016,28(2):268-274.
[11]LI Yan,CHEN Kuammin,GUO Xiucheng.Impact of stretching-segment on saturated flow rate of signalized intersection using cellular automation[J].Journal of Central South University,2013,20(10):2 887-2 896.
[12]JORNA Peter G A M.Spectral analysis of heart rate and psychological state:a review of its validity as a workload index[J].Biological Psychology,1992,34(2):237-257.
[13]LI Yan,ZHOU Wenhui,NAN Sirui,et al.Redesign of the cross-section of bicycle lanes considering electric bicycles[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Transport,2017,170(5):255-266.
[14]MINIKEL Eric.Cyclist safety on bicycle boulevards and parallel arterial routes in Berkeley,California[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2012,45:241-247.
[15]LI Yan,ZHAO Zhihong,LI Pengfei,et al.Review of traffic signal control methods under over-saturated condition[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2013,13(4):116-126.
[16]KWAN Irene,MAPSTONE James.Visibility aids for pedestrians and cyclists:a systematic review of randomised controlled trials[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2004,36(3):305-312.
[17]SAROJ K L Lal,ASHLEY Craig.A critical review of the psychophysiology of driver fatigue[J].Biological Psychology,2001,55(3):173-194.
[18]AHAYADHAS Arun,SUNDARAJ Kenneth,MURUGAPPAN Murugappan.Detecting driver drowsiness based on sensors:a review[J].Sensors,2012,12(12):16 937-16 953.
[19]AKSELROD Solange,GORDON David,UBEL F Andrew,et al.Power spectrum analysis of heart rate fluctuation:a quantitative probe of beat-to-beat cardiovascular control[J].Science,1981,213(4504):220-222.