利用气质联用技术研究不同方法提取的黄心夜合鲜叶挥发油成分
|
摘要
比较不同提取方法对黄心夜合鲜叶挥发油成分的提取效果,为黄心夜合挥发油提取方法的选择与药材的采集提供科学依据。分别以水蒸汽蒸馏法、CO_2超临界萃取、静态顶空法提取黄心夜合鲜叶挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对其化学成分进行分析。静态顶空萃取法获取的成分种类最多,主要成分有3-蒈烯(5.15%)、2-甲基2-丁烯-1-醇(5.26%)、2-乙基-1-甲基-3-丙基-环丁烷(5.03%)、甲氧基环庚烷(3.24%)、柠檬烯(3.27%)、别香橙烯(2.96%)、2-十一烯-4-醇(2.85%)、环己基甲基硅烷(2.69%)、1,2,3-三甲基-,(1α,2β,3α)-环己烷(2.76%)、1-丁烯基三甲基硅烷(2.73%)、角鲨烯(2.57%)、三甲基[4-(1,1,3,3,-四甲基丁基)苯基]硅烷(2.35%)等;CO_2超临界萃取法次之,主要成分有亚油酸(20.04%)、三十六烷(10.49%)、棕榈酸(7.22%)、叶绿醇(5.32%)、5,7,8-三甲基-二氢香豆素(5.67%)、α-芹子烯(2.46%)等,水蒸汽蒸馏法提取的成分种类最少,主要成分有β-罗勒烯(14.58%)、β-蒎烯(10.71%)、β-反式-罗勒烯(7.75%)、香芹烯(6.53%)、[1R-(1α,3α,4β)]-4-乙烯基-α,α,4-三甲基-3-(1-异丙烯基)-环己甲醇(5.91%)、α-蒎烯(4.75%)、γ-依兰油烯(4.47%)、大根香叶烯(4.47%)、蓝桉醇(3.98%)等。3种提取方法没有共同的挥发油成分,只是水蒸汽蒸馏法和CO_2超临界萃取法有3种萜烯类化合物、3种醇类化合物相同。相对而言水蒸汽蒸馏法更适于提取分析常温下黄心夜合鲜叶释放的挥发油成分。
To provide scientific basis and guidance for choosing the right extraction method for extraction and collection of volatile oils of Michelia martini,a comparative study was carried out one the extraction effect of different extraction methods on essential oils from the young leaves of M.martini.The volatile oils were extracted respectively by water-steam distillation,CO2 supercritical extraction and static headspace method from the young leaves of M.martini and detected by GC-MS.Among all methods,the static headspace extraction method yield the largest type of components such as 3-Carene(5.15%),2-methyl-2-Buten-1-ol(5.26%),2-ethyl-1-methy-3-propyl-Cyclobutane(5.03%),methoxy-Cycloheptane(3.24%),Limonene(3.27%),Alloaromadendrene(2.96%),2-Undecen-4-ol(2.85%),Cyclohexylmethylsilane(2.69%),1,2,3-trimethyl-,(1α,2β,3α)-Cyclohexane(2.76%),1-butenyltrimethyl-Silane(2.73%),Squalene(2.57%),Trimethyl[4-(1,1,3,3,-tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]silane(2.35%)and so on.The method of CO2 supercritical extraction produced the second largest type of components including Linoleic(20.04%),Hexatriacontane(10.49%),Pentadecanecarboxylic acid(7.22%),3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol(5.32%),5,7,8-trimethyl-Dihydrocoumarin(5.67%),α-Selinene(2.46%).The least type of components was obtained by the water-steam distillation method,includingβ-Ocimene(14.58%),β-Pinene(10.71%),trans-β-Ocimene(7.75%),D-Limonene(6.53%),[1 R-(1α,3α,4β)]-4-ethenyl-α,α,4-trimethyl-3-(1-methylethenyl)-Cyclohexanemethanol(5.91%),α-Pinene(4.75%),γ-Muurolen(4.47%),Germacrene(4.47%),Globulol(3.98%).There are no common components among the volatile oils by three extraction methods,while there are common components of 3 kinds of terpenes and 3 kinds of alcohols among volatile oils by watersteam distillation and CO2 supercritical extraction.Relatively,the water vapor distillation may be the most suitable for extraction and analysis of volatile oils from young leaves of M.martinii at room temperature among the three extraction methods.
To provide scientific basis and guidance for choosing the right extraction method for extraction and collection of volatile oils of Michelia martini,a comparative study was carried out one the extraction effect of different extraction methods on essential oils from the young leaves of M.martini.The volatile oils were extracted respectively by water-steam distillation,CO2 supercritical extraction and static headspace method from the young leaves of M.martini and detected by GC-MS.Among all methods,the static headspace extraction method yield the largest type of components such as 3-Carene(5.15%),2-methyl-2-Buten-1-ol(5.26%),2-ethyl-1-methy-3-propyl-Cyclobutane(5.03%),methoxy-Cycloheptane(3.24%),Limonene(3.27%),Alloaromadendrene(2.96%),2-Undecen-4-ol(2.85%),Cyclohexylmethylsilane(2.69%),1,2,3-trimethyl-,(1α,2β,3α)-Cyclohexane(2.76%),1-butenyltrimethyl-Silane(2.73%),Squalene(2.57%),Trimethyl[4-(1,1,3,3,-tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]silane(2.35%)and so on.The method of CO2 supercritical extraction produced the second largest type of components including Linoleic(20.04%),Hexatriacontane(10.49%),Pentadecanecarboxylic acid(7.22%),3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol(5.32%),5,7,8-trimethyl-Dihydrocoumarin(5.67%),α-Selinene(2.46%).The least type of components was obtained by the water-steam distillation method,includingβ-Ocimene(14.58%),β-Pinene(10.71%),trans-β-Ocimene(7.75%),D-Limonene(6.53%),[1 R-(1α,3α,4β)]-4-ethenyl-α,α,4-trimethyl-3-(1-methylethenyl)-Cyclohexanemethanol(5.91%),α-Pinene(4.75%),γ-Muurolen(4.47%),Germacrene(4.47%),Globulol(3.98%).There are no common components among the volatile oils by three extraction methods,while there are common components of 3 kinds of terpenes and 3 kinds of alcohols among volatile oils by watersteam distillation and CO2 supercritical extraction.Relatively,the water vapor distillation may be the most suitable for extraction and analysis of volatile oils from young leaves of M.martinii at room temperature among the three extraction methods.
引文
[1]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志(1~80卷)[M].北京:科学出版社,1959-2004.
[2]雷凌华,李胜华,曾军英,等.黄心夜合不同季节鲜叶挥发性成分研究[J].植物科学学报,2017,35(1):107-114.
[3]雷凌华,于晓英,李炎林.不同季节黄心夜合鲜嫩枝的挥发性成分差异[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2016,42(3):296-300.
[4]徐植灵,潘炯光,赵中振.辛夷挥发油的研究[J].中国中药杂志,1989,14(5):38-40.
[5]王慧英.紫色鸢尾花色苷的提取工艺研究[J].聊城大学学报(自然科学版),2015,28(3):51-55.
[6]黄传奇,张林碧,杨敏,等.气质联用法分析侧柏顶空固相微萃取与水蒸气蒸馏的挥发性成分[J].中药材,2013,36(9):1457-1463.
[7]张军安,陈波.顶空固相微萃取-气质联用分析酸枣仁挥发性成分[J].中药材,2012,35(2):235-240.
[8]伊丽萍,吴文珊,黄美丽,等.福建白水栀鲜花香气的GC/MS分析[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(3):142-143.
[9]姬厚伟,满杰,刘剑,等.静态顶空GC/MS测定卷烟滤嘴截留的烟气中苯系物[J].中国烟草学报,2015,21(2):23-28.
[10]陈建华,陈晨,韦茂山,等.超临界CO2萃取八角油树脂及其成分分析[J].食品与生物技术学报,2014,33(12):1326-1331.
[11]陈琼,夏新奎,郭亚琼,等.猫爪草综合提取工艺研究[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(15):3720-3722.
[12]覃睿.新疆一枝蒿有效成分提取分析及活性研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2013.
[13]于敬,周晶.生物酶解技术在中药提取中的应用[J].现代药物与临床,2010,25(5):340-343.
[14]杨光义,刘襄艳,叶方,等.栀子有效成分不同提取方法比较研究[J].现代中药研究与实践,2015,29(3):46-49.
[15]林文津,徐榕青,张亚敏.超临界CO2萃取与水蒸气蒸馏法提取太子参挥发油化学成分气质联用研究[J].药物分析杂志,2011,31(7):1300-1303.
[16]宋秀华,李传荣,许景伟,等.静态顶空与固相微萃取法测定元宝枫叶片挥发物成分比较[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(5):670-674.
[17]邓超澄,朱小勇,韦建华,等.水蒸气蒸馏法与超临界CO2萃取法提取青翘挥发油的化学成分比较[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2010,16(16):76-80.
[18]谢祝宇,胡希军,马晶晶.精气植物分类及其园林应用研究[J].广东农业科学,2011,38(16):42-44.
[2]雷凌华,李胜华,曾军英,等.黄心夜合不同季节鲜叶挥发性成分研究[J].植物科学学报,2017,35(1):107-114.
[3]雷凌华,于晓英,李炎林.不同季节黄心夜合鲜嫩枝的挥发性成分差异[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2016,42(3):296-300.
[4]徐植灵,潘炯光,赵中振.辛夷挥发油的研究[J].中国中药杂志,1989,14(5):38-40.
[5]王慧英.紫色鸢尾花色苷的提取工艺研究[J].聊城大学学报(自然科学版),2015,28(3):51-55.
[6]黄传奇,张林碧,杨敏,等.气质联用法分析侧柏顶空固相微萃取与水蒸气蒸馏的挥发性成分[J].中药材,2013,36(9):1457-1463.
[7]张军安,陈波.顶空固相微萃取-气质联用分析酸枣仁挥发性成分[J].中药材,2012,35(2):235-240.
[8]伊丽萍,吴文珊,黄美丽,等.福建白水栀鲜花香气的GC/MS分析[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(3):142-143.
[9]姬厚伟,满杰,刘剑,等.静态顶空GC/MS测定卷烟滤嘴截留的烟气中苯系物[J].中国烟草学报,2015,21(2):23-28.
[10]陈建华,陈晨,韦茂山,等.超临界CO2萃取八角油树脂及其成分分析[J].食品与生物技术学报,2014,33(12):1326-1331.
[11]陈琼,夏新奎,郭亚琼,等.猫爪草综合提取工艺研究[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(15):3720-3722.
[12]覃睿.新疆一枝蒿有效成分提取分析及活性研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2013.
[13]于敬,周晶.生物酶解技术在中药提取中的应用[J].现代药物与临床,2010,25(5):340-343.
[14]杨光义,刘襄艳,叶方,等.栀子有效成分不同提取方法比较研究[J].现代中药研究与实践,2015,29(3):46-49.
[15]林文津,徐榕青,张亚敏.超临界CO2萃取与水蒸气蒸馏法提取太子参挥发油化学成分气质联用研究[J].药物分析杂志,2011,31(7):1300-1303.
[16]宋秀华,李传荣,许景伟,等.静态顶空与固相微萃取法测定元宝枫叶片挥发物成分比较[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(5):670-674.
[17]邓超澄,朱小勇,韦建华,等.水蒸气蒸馏法与超临界CO2萃取法提取青翘挥发油的化学成分比较[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2010,16(16):76-80.
[18]谢祝宇,胡希军,马晶晶.精气植物分类及其园林应用研究[J].广东农业科学,2011,38(16):42-44.