2种种衣剂拌种对马铃薯蛴螬的防治效果
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摘要
为寻找毒死蜱在马铃薯生产上禁用后的替代药剂,筛选出对马铃薯地下害虫防效、增产、农残指标都优异的农药品种及使用剂量,采用2种种衣剂不同剂量对马铃薯种薯拌种,统计各处理的生长状况、对蛴螬防效、商品薯的产量效益,并与传统毒死蜱颗粒剂处理进行比较。结果表明:与传统10%毒死蜱颗粒剂1.8kg/667m2处理相比,600g/L吡虫啉悬浮种衣剂(高巧)以70mL/667m2和90mL/667m2拌种,25%噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂(迈舒平)以70mL/667m2和90mL/667m2拌种处理对蛴螬的防效较高,且具有较好的增产增收效果,高巧70mL/667m2增收比毒死蜱处理的产量效益低1.7%,基本持平;高巧90mL/667m2、迈舒平70 mL/667m2和90 mL/667m2处理分别比毒死蜱颗粒剂处理的产量效应高10.5%、7.3%和10.1%,且农残达到同类根茎类蔬菜国家标准。高巧和迈舒平70~90mL/667m2处理可以替代毒死蜱颗粒剂在生产中防治马铃薯地下害虫,但产品必须在取得马铃薯的登记后才能推广应用。
The effects of two seed coating agents(600 g/L Imidacloprid and 25% Thiamethoxam)with different dosage and Chlorpyrifos on growth of potato,control of Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky and yield benefit of commodity potato were studied by a comparative experiment to find alternative pesticides of Chlorpyrifos and screen pesticide varieties with better control effect against soil insect,good pesticide residues index,yield increase index and their application dosage for potato production.Result:The control effect against H.parallela Motschulsky of 70 mL/667 m2 and 90 mL/667 m2 of Imidacloprid FSC treatments and 70 mL/667 m2 and 90 mL/667 m2 of Thiamethoxam Metalaxyl-M Fludioxonil FSC treatments is obviously higher than Chlorpyrifos treatment(1.8 kg/667 m2 of 10% Chlorpyrifos).The yield benefit of70 mL/667 m2 of Imidacloprid FSC treatment is 1.7% lower than Chlorpyrifos treatment but the yield benefit of 90 mL/667 m2 of Imidacloprid FSC treatment,70 mL/667 m2 and 90 mL/667 m2 of 25%Thiamethoxam Metalaxyl-M Fludioxonil FSC treatments is 10.5%,7.3% and 10.1% higher than Chlorpyrifos treatment respectively and the pesticide residues index meets the national standard of tubers vegetables.70~90 mL/667 m2 Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam treatment can replace Chlorpyrifos granule to control soil insect in potato production but two seed coating agents(Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam)must be registered for popularization and application in potato production.
The effects of two seed coating agents(600 g/L Imidacloprid and 25% Thiamethoxam)with different dosage and Chlorpyrifos on growth of potato,control of Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky and yield benefit of commodity potato were studied by a comparative experiment to find alternative pesticides of Chlorpyrifos and screen pesticide varieties with better control effect against soil insect,good pesticide residues index,yield increase index and their application dosage for potato production.Result:The control effect against H.parallela Motschulsky of 70 mL/667 m2 and 90 mL/667 m2 of Imidacloprid FSC treatments and 70 mL/667 m2 and 90 mL/667 m2 of Thiamethoxam Metalaxyl-M Fludioxonil FSC treatments is obviously higher than Chlorpyrifos treatment(1.8 kg/667 m2 of 10% Chlorpyrifos).The yield benefit of70 mL/667 m2 of Imidacloprid FSC treatment is 1.7% lower than Chlorpyrifos treatment but the yield benefit of 90 mL/667 m2 of Imidacloprid FSC treatment,70 mL/667 m2 and 90 mL/667 m2 of 25%Thiamethoxam Metalaxyl-M Fludioxonil FSC treatments is 10.5%,7.3% and 10.1% higher than Chlorpyrifos treatment respectively and the pesticide residues index meets the national standard of tubers vegetables.70~90 mL/667 m2 Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam treatment can replace Chlorpyrifos granule to control soil insect in potato production but two seed coating agents(Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam)must be registered for popularization and application in potato production.
引文
[1]张建朝,费永祥,邢会琴,等.马铃薯地下害虫的发生规律与防治技术研究[J].中国马铃薯,2010,24(1):28-31.
[2]张华普,张丽荣,郭成瑾,等.马铃薯地下害虫研究现状[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(2):595-596,651.
[3]刘小阳,王海潮,张兴桃,等.宿州市花生主产区蛴螬的优势种群及其发生特点[J].宿州学院学报,2010,25(11):58-59.
[4]董爱书,胡新,台莲梅,等.拌种对马铃薯早疫病、晚疫病及产量的影响[J].中国马铃薯,2011,25(4):242-245.
[5]陈凯,谢宏峰,许曼琳.600g/L高巧悬浮种衣剂拌种对花生田蛴螬的防治效果[J].山东农业科学,2011(7):81-82.
[6]董爱书,胡新,邵晓梅,等.药剂拌种的时间与方式对马铃薯生长和产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012(6):77-80.
[7]郭建国,张海英,吕和平,等.噻虫嗪和吡虫啉拌种对马铃薯甲虫幼虫生长发育的影响[J].植物保护学报,38(2):191-192.
[8]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,中华人民共和国农业部,国家食品药品监督管理总局.食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量:GB 2763-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[9]WIKIPEDIA.Ministry of health,labour and welfare[EB/OL].(2010-08-17)[2017-10-25].http://www.fcg-r.co.jp/pesticide/index.htm
[10]Food Safety.European Food Safety Authority[EB/OL].(2008-09-01)[2017-10-20].http://ec.europa.eu/food/index_en.htm.
[11]扬骥,周艳丽,范有君,等.高巧拌种法防治马铃薯蚜虫试验研究[J].中国马铃薯,2003,17(1):10-12.
[12]李晓,鞠倩,赵志强,等.4种杀虫剂对花生蚜虫的防治效果及安全性评价[J].山东农业科学,2013,45(4):93-95,136.
[13]黄伟,李建中,王会利,等.噻虫嗪在马铃薯中的残留分析[J].环境化学,2010,29(5):970-973.
[14]张海英,陆磊,胡梅,等.噻虫嗪种衣剂在马铃薯根中的残留动态分析[J].中国马铃薯,2011,25(6):360-363.
[2]张华普,张丽荣,郭成瑾,等.马铃薯地下害虫研究现状[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(2):595-596,651.
[3]刘小阳,王海潮,张兴桃,等.宿州市花生主产区蛴螬的优势种群及其发生特点[J].宿州学院学报,2010,25(11):58-59.
[4]董爱书,胡新,台莲梅,等.拌种对马铃薯早疫病、晚疫病及产量的影响[J].中国马铃薯,2011,25(4):242-245.
[5]陈凯,谢宏峰,许曼琳.600g/L高巧悬浮种衣剂拌种对花生田蛴螬的防治效果[J].山东农业科学,2011(7):81-82.
[6]董爱书,胡新,邵晓梅,等.药剂拌种的时间与方式对马铃薯生长和产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012(6):77-80.
[7]郭建国,张海英,吕和平,等.噻虫嗪和吡虫啉拌种对马铃薯甲虫幼虫生长发育的影响[J].植物保护学报,38(2):191-192.
[8]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,中华人民共和国农业部,国家食品药品监督管理总局.食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量:GB 2763-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[9]WIKIPEDIA.Ministry of health,labour and welfare[EB/OL].(2010-08-17)[2017-10-25].http://www.fcg-r.co.jp/pesticide/index.htm
[10]Food Safety.European Food Safety Authority[EB/OL].(2008-09-01)[2017-10-20].http://ec.europa.eu/food/index_en.htm.
[11]扬骥,周艳丽,范有君,等.高巧拌种法防治马铃薯蚜虫试验研究[J].中国马铃薯,2003,17(1):10-12.
[12]李晓,鞠倩,赵志强,等.4种杀虫剂对花生蚜虫的防治效果及安全性评价[J].山东农业科学,2013,45(4):93-95,136.
[13]黄伟,李建中,王会利,等.噻虫嗪在马铃薯中的残留分析[J].环境化学,2010,29(5):970-973.
[14]张海英,陆磊,胡梅,等.噻虫嗪种衣剂在马铃薯根中的残留动态分析[J].中国马铃薯,2011,25(6):360-363.