双膜组件及耦合工艺的研究与应用进展
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摘要
气体膜分离技术受到工业化膜材料性能的限制,往往不能同时达到生产过程对选择性和渗透性的要求。双膜组件是将两种气体渗透性能不同甚至相反的膜材料集成到一个组件中,可以很好地弥补膜材料自身选择性差以及渗透速率低的缺陷。首先介绍了双膜组件的研究进展,回顾了双膜组件从产生到发展几个主要研究团队的贡献。随后,介绍了双膜组件强化传质和分离的特点,展示了双膜组件降低膜两侧浓差极化的基本原理,分析了流动形式对组件分离效率的影响。接着借助实例对基于双膜组件的双膜+吸收、双膜+反应和双膜+冷凝+精馏的3种耦合流程工艺进行了详细阐述。最后对双膜组件的研究和工业应用进行了展望,指出通过与其他分离方法进行耦合双膜组件在石油化工、天然气工业等领域已经显现出一定的潜力和独特的优越性,提出双膜组件的研究还处于发展阶段,需要加强膜组件分离序列及操作条件方面的实验研究。
The gas membrane separation technology is limited by the properties of industrial membrane materials and often cannot meet the requirements of selectivity and permeability in the production process at the same time. The dual-membrane module integrates two gas membrane materials with different oreven opposite permeation properties into one structure, which can well compensate for the poor selectivityof the membrane material and the low permeation rate. First, the research progress of the dual-membranemodule is introduced, and the contributions of several main research teams from its generation todevelopment are reviewed. Subsequently, the characteristics of enhanced mass transfer and separation areintroduced, the basic principle of reducing concentration polarization on both sides of membrane is shown,and the influence of flow form on separation efficiency of components is analyzed. Then, the threecoupling processes of dual-membrane + absorption, dual-membrane + reaction and dual-membrane +condensation + distillation based on the dual-membrane module are described in detail by examples.Finally, the prospects for the research and industrial application of the dual-membrane module arepresented. Through the coupling with other separation methods, the dual-membrane module has shown certain potential and unique advantages in the fields of petrochemical industry and natural gas industry.The study on the dual-membrane module is still in the development stage, and the experimental study on separation sequence and operation condition of membrane module needs to be strengthened.
The gas membrane separation technology is limited by the properties of industrial membrane materials and often cannot meet the requirements of selectivity and permeability in the production process at the same time. The dual-membrane module integrates two gas membrane materials with different oreven opposite permeation properties into one structure, which can well compensate for the poor selectivityof the membrane material and the low permeation rate. First, the research progress of the dual-membranemodule is introduced, and the contributions of several main research teams from its generation todevelopment are reviewed. Subsequently, the characteristics of enhanced mass transfer and separation areintroduced, the basic principle of reducing concentration polarization on both sides of membrane is shown,and the influence of flow form on separation efficiency of components is analyzed. Then, the threecoupling processes of dual-membrane + absorption, dual-membrane + reaction and dual-membrane +condensation + distillation based on the dual-membrane module are described in detail by examples.Finally, the prospects for the research and industrial application of the dual-membrane module arepresented. Through the coupling with other separation methods, the dual-membrane module has shown certain potential and unique advantages in the fields of petrochemical industry and natural gas industry.The study on the dual-membrane module is still in the development stage, and the experimental study on separation sequence and operation condition of membrane module needs to be strengthened.
引文
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[2]李可彬,李玉凤,李可根,等.膜分离技术在H2回收中的应用[J].四川理工学院学报(自然科学版), 2012(5):11-14.LI K B, LI Y F, LI K G, et al. Application of membrane separationtechnology in H2recovery[J]. Journal of Sichuan University ofScience and Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2012(5):11-14.
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[6] SULLIVAN-GONZáLEZ F, SCOVAZZO P, AMOS R, et al.Hydrogen-bond acceptance's role in designing room temperatureionic liquid(RTIL)membranes for gas dehumidification, Part I:Impacts on permeance and selectivity[J]. Journal of MembraneScience, 2017, 533:190-200.
[7] URAGAMI T, YOU M, MIYATA T. Permeation and separationcharacteristics in removal of dilute volatile organic compounds from aqueous solutions through copolymer membranes consisted ofpoly(styrene)and poly(dimethylsiloxane)containing a hydrophobicionic liquid by pervaporation[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,2016, 506:109-118.
[8]藏雨,程伟东,兰天宇,等.气体分离膜材料科学[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 2017:8.ZANG Y, CHENG W D, LAN T Y, et al. Gas separationmembrane material science[M]. Harbin:Harbin Institute ofTechnology Press, 2017:8.
[9]陈勇,王从厚,吴鸣.气体膜分离技术与应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2004:88CHEN Y, WANG C H, WU M. Gas membrane separationtechnology and application[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2004:88.
[10]膜法高效回收与减排化工行业挥发性有机气体[J].中国科技成果, 2018(6):封3. DOI:10.3772/j.issn.1009-5659.2018.06.035.Efficient membrane recovery and emission reduction of volatileorganic gases in the chemical industry[J]. China Science andTechnology Achievements, 2018(6):cover 3. DOI:10.3772/j.issn.1009-5659.2018.06.035.
[11]陈翠仙,郭红霞,秦培勇,等.膜分离[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2017:179.CHEN C X, GUO H X, QIN P Y, et al. Membrane separation[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2017:179.
[12] MAT N C, LOU Y, LIPSCOMB G G. Hollow fiber membranemodules[J]. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 2014, 4(4):18-24.
[13]王俊九,褚立强.支撑液膜分离技术[J].水处理技术, 2001, 27(4):187-191.WANG J J, CHU L Q. Supported liquid membrane separationtechnology[J]. Water Treatment Technology, 2001, 27(4):187-191.
[14] BAKER R W, LOW B T. Gas Separation membrane materials:aperspective[J]. Macromolecules, 2014, 47(20):6999-7013.
[15] ADATOZ E, AVCI A K, KESKIN S. Opportunities and challengesof MOF-based membranes in gas separations[J]. Separation&Purification Technology, 2015, 152:207-237.
[16] PARK H B, SANG H H, JUNG C H, et al. Thermally rearranged(TR)polymer membranes for CO2separation[J]. Journal ofMembrane Science, 2010, 359(1):11-24.
[17] WANG S, LI X, WU H, et al. Advances in high permeabilitypolymer-based membrane materials for CO2separations[J].Energy&Environmental Science, 2016, 9(6):1863-1890.
[18] OHNO M, OZAK O, MESATO H, et al. Radioactive rare gasseparation using a separation cell with two kinds of membranediffering in gas permeability tendency[J]. Journal of NuclearScience&Technology, 1977, 14(8):589-602.
[19]陈博.双膜组件强化CO2混合气分离的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学, 2016.CHEN B. Enhanced separation of dual-membrane module for CO2gas mixture[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology, 2016.
[20] MASAYOSHIOHNO, HIDEAKIHEKI, OSAMUOZAKI, et al.Radioactive rare gas separation performance of a two-unit series-type separation cell[J]. Journal of Nuclear Science&Technology,2012, 15(9):668-677.
[21] STERN S A, PERRIN J E, NAIMON E J. Recycle andmultimembrane permeators for gas separations[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 1984, 20(1):25-43.
[22] SIRKAR K K. Asymmetric permeators—A conceptual study[J].Separation Science&Technology, 1980, 15(4):1091-1114.
[23] SENGUPTA A, SIRKAR K K. Ternary gas mixture separation intwo-membrane permeators[J]. AIChE Journal, 1987, 33(4):529-539.
[24]黄齐鸣,庄震万,谷和平,等.双膜分离器的数学模型[J].南京工业大学学报(自然科学版), 1992, 14(4):30-37.HUANG Q M, ZHUANG Z W, GU H P, et al. Mathematical modelof dual-membrane separator[J]. Journal of Nanjing University ofTechnology(Natural Science Edition), 1992, 14(4):30-37.
[25]庄震万,谷和平,黄齐鸣,等.双膜分离器的研究[J].膜科学与技术, 1993(2):1-7.ZHUANG Z W, GU H P, HUANG Q M, et al. Research on dual-membrane separator[J]. Membrane Science and Technology, 1993(2):1-7.
[26]叶舟,王敏.超滤/反渗透双膜法处理印染废水及其回用工程应用[J].环境工程, 2011, 29(6):128-131.YE Z, WANG M. Ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis double membranetreatment of printing and dyeing wastewater and its application inrecycling engineering[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2011, 29(6):128-131.
[27]党敏,朱学武,杜星,等.超滤-纳滤双膜工艺处理微污染水源水中试研究[J].给水排水, 2017, 43(1):44-48.DANG M, ZHU X W, DU X, et al. Study on ultrafiltration-nanofiltration dual membrane process for treating micro-pollutedsource water[J]. Water Supply and Drainage, 2017, 43(1):44-48.
[28]孟瑞明,梁小田,吕志成.微滤-反渗透双膜工艺在再生水工程中的应用研究[J].给水排水, 2012, 38(s2):83-86.MENG R M, LIANG X T, LüZ C. Application of microfiltration-reverse osmosis double membrane process in reclaimed waterproject[J]. Water&Wastewater, 2012, 38(s2):83-86.
[29] STERN S A, WANG S C. Countercurrent and cocurrent gasseparation in a permeator stage. comparison of computationmethods[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 1978, 4:141-148.
[30] PAN C Y, HABGOOD H W. Gas separation by permeation. Part I.Calculation methods and parametric analysis[J]. Canadian Journalof Chemical Engineering, 1978, 56(2):197-209.
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