老年公寓的伦理场域研究——基于杭州10个老年公寓的调查
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摘要
随着老龄社会的到来,越来越多的老人"选择"或者"被选择"进入老年公寓养老。然而目前对老年公寓的研究多停留在物质空间设计和养老市场发展等方面,却忽视了老人精神层面和再社会化方面的需求。通过杭州10个老年公寓内老人子女的来访频率、来访内容、时间长短等方面的采样,了解到老人入住老年公寓后个人社会关系网络的变化,以及老年公寓本身与社会空间关系的状况。研究发现,老年公寓使得老人的个人社会关系网络弱化与缩小化,而且老年公寓本身因标签化空间而使得其社会权利等级矮化,并不同程度存在社会隔离现象。为此,应以构建老年公寓伦理场域为目标关注老年公寓内老人的社会关系空间网络以及老年公寓本身的社会权利。为避免老年公寓的社会隔离,应去老年公寓标签化,提升老年公寓的社会权利等级,使老年公寓真正成为老人颐养天年的"家园"。
With the coming of aging society, more and more people "choice" or "selected" into the senile apartment. However, the study of senile apartment stay in physical space design and pension market development and so on, ignore the elderly spiritual and social aspects of the demand. In this article, through the 10 senile apartments' sampling including the old children visit frequency, visit content, the length of time and so on, to understand the elderly's change of the social relation network, as well as the status and social spatial relations of the senile apartment itself. Studies have found that elderly 's personal social relations network had been weakening and downsizing, and because of labeled space senile apartments have made their level of social rights dwarf and social ties segregated. To this end, the article suggests, it is necessary to build an old ethical field through paying close attention to the old man's social relations in senile apartment space network and social rights of the senile apartment. To avoid the social isolation of senile apartment, shouldget rid of the label of senile apartment, and increase the level of social rights, make the senile apartment really become elderly "homeland".
With the coming of aging society, more and more people "choice" or "selected" into the senile apartment. However, the study of senile apartment stay in physical space design and pension market development and so on, ignore the elderly spiritual and social aspects of the demand. In this article, through the 10 senile apartments' sampling including the old children visit frequency, visit content, the length of time and so on, to understand the elderly's change of the social relation network, as well as the status and social spatial relations of the senile apartment itself. Studies have found that elderly 's personal social relations network had been weakening and downsizing, and because of labeled space senile apartments have made their level of social rights dwarf and social ties segregated. To this end, the article suggests, it is necessary to build an old ethical field through paying close attention to the old man's social relations in senile apartment space network and social rights of the senile apartment. To avoid the social isolation of senile apartment, shouldget rid of the label of senile apartment, and increase the level of social rights, make the senile apartment really become elderly "homeland".
引文
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[15]王倩.老年公寓交往空间设计探析[D].成都:西南交通大学建筑与设计学院,2005.
[2]刘中一.场域、惯习与农民生育行为[J].社会,2005(6):126-140.
[3]毕天云.布迪厄的“场域-惯习”论[J].学术探索,2004(1):32-35.
[4]布迪厄,华康德.实践与反思——反思社会学理论导引[M].李猛,李康,译.北京:中央编译出版社,2004:55-62.
[5]曹丽晓,柴彦威.上海城市老年人日常购物活动空间研究[J].人文地理,2006,21(2):30-38.
[6]袁振.基于城市社区养老模式下的小区老年公寓研究[D].重庆:重庆大学建筑与城规学院,2011.
[7]周鹏飞.我国老年公寓发展问题研究[D].北京:财政部财政科学研究所,2014.
[8]姜苗苗,周尚意,程志远.影响城郊敬老院空间可进入性的因子分析——以北京海淀区敬老院的全样本调查分析为例[J].人口与经济,2002(增刊):118-121.
[9]李昌霞,柴彦威,张纯.中国城市老年人得时间利用和活动空间特征[J].地域研究与开发,2005,24:108-113.
[10]李建民.老年人消费需求影响因素分析及我国老年人消费需求增长预测[J].人口经济,2001(5):10-16
[11]林勇强,史逸.城市老年人室外休闲行为初探----以老年人室外活动场地设计为例[J].规划师,2002,18(7):81-84.
[12]孙晓文.我国未来老年公寓模式的研究[D].济南:山东大学经济学院,2010.
[13]杨莉雅.増权视角下的老年公寓养老研究[D].苏州:苏州大学社会学院,2014.
[14]宋言奇.关于中国老年公寓养老发展的几点思考[J].中国发展,2007,7(1):35-36.
[15]王倩.老年公寓交往空间设计探析[D].成都:西南交通大学建筑与设计学院,2005.