某军医大学医学生自我肯定水平及其与沟通能力和自尊的相关性分析
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摘要
目的了解某军医大学在校医学生的自我肯定水平及其与沟通能力和自尊的关系。方法 2016年3-6月,采用整群抽样法,选择某军医大学在校本科生为调查对象,采用自制一般资料调查问卷、自我肯定量表中文版、Spitzberg和Cupach人际沟通能力自评问卷中文版和Rosenberg自尊量表为工具对其进行问卷调查。结果该组医学生自我肯定处于中等水平,沟通能力和自尊处于中等偏上水平。男生和女生的自我肯定水平、自尊水平和沟通能力总分的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),但女生沟通动机得分高于男生(P=0.017),沟通适当性得分低于男生(P=0.002);不同专业学生各项得分的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);三年级学生比其他年级学生自我肯定总分高(P=0.003)。自我肯定、自尊和沟通能力总分变量两两之间呈正相关;自我肯定与沟通技能得分呈正相关,与沟通动机或沟通知识得分呈正相关,与具体沟通能力之间,均存在一定的相关性(均P<0.05)。结论军医大学在校医学生具有中等程度的自我肯定水平,自我肯定水平与自尊、沟通动机、沟通知识和沟通技能呈正相关,应给予针对性的提升军医大学在校医学生自我肯定的干预措施,从而提升医学生的自尊水平和沟通能力。
Objective To explore the relationship among self-assertiveness,communication competence and selfesteem in undergraduates in a military medical university.Methods A cluster sampling method was used to enroll the undergraduate students from March to June 2016.The self-designed questionnaire,the Chinese version of the self-affirmation scale,the Chinese version of the Spitzberg and Supach personal communication skill Questionnaire,and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale were used to conduct the study.Results The medical students had an average level of self-assertiveness and above-average levels of communication competence and self-esteem.There was no significant difference in self-assertiveness,self-esteem and communication competence between boys and girls(P>0.05).However,girls scored higher in communication motivation than boys(P=0.017),and scored lower in communication adequacy than boys(P=0.002).There was no significant difference in scores among students with different majors(all P>0.05).The students in third year of school had higher total scores of self-assertiveness than students in other grades(P=0.003).There was strong,positive correlation among self-assertiveness,self-esteem and communication competence.Self-assertiveness was highly positively correlated with communication skill,and was moderately positively correlated with communication motivation or communication knowledge.A positive correlation between self-assertiveness and specific communication ability was found.Conclusions Undergraduate students in the military medical university have the moderate level of self-assertiveness.The level of self-assertiveness is positively associated with the level of self-esteem,communication motivation,communication knowledge and skills.The targeted intervention should be given to enhance the students' self-assertiveness,so as to enhance their self-esteem and communication competence.
Objective To explore the relationship among self-assertiveness,communication competence and selfesteem in undergraduates in a military medical university.Methods A cluster sampling method was used to enroll the undergraduate students from March to June 2016.The self-designed questionnaire,the Chinese version of the self-affirmation scale,the Chinese version of the Spitzberg and Supach personal communication skill Questionnaire,and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale were used to conduct the study.Results The medical students had an average level of self-assertiveness and above-average levels of communication competence and self-esteem.There was no significant difference in self-assertiveness,self-esteem and communication competence between boys and girls(P>0.05).However,girls scored higher in communication motivation than boys(P=0.017),and scored lower in communication adequacy than boys(P=0.002).There was no significant difference in scores among students with different majors(all P>0.05).The students in third year of school had higher total scores of self-assertiveness than students in other grades(P=0.003).There was strong,positive correlation among self-assertiveness,self-esteem and communication competence.Self-assertiveness was highly positively correlated with communication skill,and was moderately positively correlated with communication motivation or communication knowledge.A positive correlation between self-assertiveness and specific communication ability was found.Conclusions Undergraduate students in the military medical university have the moderate level of self-assertiveness.The level of self-assertiveness is positively associated with the level of self-esteem,communication motivation,communication knowledge and skills.The targeted intervention should be given to enhance the students' self-assertiveness,so as to enhance their self-esteem and communication competence.
引文
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[13]张嘉玮.青少年自我肯定性的发展及转换的印象知觉对其影响的研究[J].心理科学,1993,(5):30-35.
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[16]刘磊.自我肯定训练在中职校心理健康课中的应用[J].中等职业教育,2012(5):8-10.
[17]LIN Y R,SHIAH I S,CHANG Y C,et al.Evaluation of an assertiveness training program on nursing and medical students’assertiveness,self-esteem,and interpersonal communication satisfaction[J].Nurs Educ Today,2004,24(8):656-665.
[2]BEGLEY C M,GLACKEN M.Irish nursing students’changing levels of assertiveness during their preregistration programme[J].Nurs Educ Today,2004,24(7):501-510.
[3]LOUNSBURY J W,LOVELAND J M,SUNDSTROM E D,et al.An investigation of personality traits in relation to career satisfaction[J].J Career Assessment,2003,11(3):287-307.
[4]DELTSIDOU A.Undergraduate nursing students’level of assertiveness in Greece:aquestionnaire survey[J].Nurs Educ Pract,2009,9(5):322-330.
[5]范敏.大学生自尊现状调查分析.中国健康心理学杂志,2012,20(10):1572-1574.
[6]党艳贤,不同项群专项的中学体育特长生身体自尊和自信心研究分析[D].北京,北京师范大学,2016.
[7]杜世正,袁长蓉.自我管理模式的研究实践进展及思考[J].中华护理杂志,2009,44(11):1048-1051.
[8]缪春玉,张绍蓉,曾琴,等.国内外医学生医患沟通能力培养方法的比较[J].解放军护理杂志,2012,29(7):43-46.
[9]LAIBLE D J,CARLO G,ROESCH S C.Pathways to self-esteem in late adolescence:the role of parent and peer attachment,empathy,and social behaviours[J].J Adolesc,2004,27(6):703-716.
[10]黄素菲.人际关系测试与训练[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2002:78-80.
[11]王泳贵.国小教师人际关系依附风格、人际沟通能力与人际沟通满意度之关系研究[D].屏东:屏东师范学院,2002.
[12]佚名.罗森伯格自尊量表[J].中学生,2014,(9):62.
[13]张嘉玮.青少年自我肯定性的发展及转换的印象知觉对其影响的研究[J].心理科学,1993,(5):30-35.
[14]BAUMGARDNER A H.To know oneself is to like oneself:self-certainty and self-affect[J].J Pers Soc Psychol,1990,58(6):1062-1072.
[15]洪冬美.大学生自我肯定状况的分析及对策[J].南华大学学报:社会科学版,2005,6(6):104-106.
[16]刘磊.自我肯定训练在中职校心理健康课中的应用[J].中等职业教育,2012(5):8-10.
[17]LIN Y R,SHIAH I S,CHANG Y C,et al.Evaluation of an assertiveness training program on nursing and medical students’assertiveness,self-esteem,and interpersonal communication satisfaction[J].Nurs Educ Today,2004,24(8):656-665.