基于污染强度数据分析的资源型区域转型环保政策研究
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摘要
资源开发对资源型区域的生态环境造成了巨大破坏,而良好的环境是社会发展的基础,研究资源型区域的污染强度和减排潜力,对于推动资源型区域转型期的环保政策调整具有重要意义。采用均方差赋权法,以河南、宁夏、吉林、陕西、山东、安徽、江西7省、自治区内的41个资源型地级市为研究对象,测算各区域在2006年和2015年不同发展阶段的污染强度和减排潜力。结果显示:2015年各类污染物的排放量呈迅猛之势增加,其中废水和工业固体废弃物分别增长了9 467. 2万吨和580万吨;研究期间整体平均减排潜力增大了9. 1%,其中马鞍山市的综合减排潜力增大了61. 9%,环境污染状况加剧,而延安市减排潜力排名提高了15位,环境状况有所改善; 2006年各资源型区域的最大和最小减排潜力之差达到了0. 949,2015年更是达到了0. 975。各区域的环境污染状况和治污水平参差不齐,对环保政策进行差别化调整很有必要。
Resource development has caused great damage to the ecological environment of resourcebased regions. A good environment is the foundation of social development. Studying the pollution intensity and emission reduction potential of resource-based regions has important research significance for promoting environmental policy adjustment for resource-based regional transformation. Using the mean variance weighting method,41 resource-based prefecture-level cities in Henan,Ningxia,Jilin,Shaanxi,Shandong,Anhui,Jiangxi and other provinces and autonomous regions were selected as research objects. Calculating the pollution intensity and emission reduction potential of each region in different development stages in 2006 and2015. The results show that the emissions of various pollutants increased rapidly in 2015,among which wastewater and industrial solid waste increased by 94. 672 million tons and 5. 8 million tons respectively; the overall average emission reduction potential increased by 9. 1% during the study period,including Maanshan.The city's comprehensive emission reduction potential increased by 61. 9%. The overall environmental conditions deteriorated,and Yan'an's emission reduction potential ranking increased by 15 places,and its environmental conditions improved. The difference between the maximum emission reduction potential and the minimum emission reduction potential of each resource-based region in 2006 reached 0. 949,and in 2015,it reached 0. 975. The environmental pollution status and pollution control level in various regions are still uneven,and it is necessary to make differential adjustments for environmental protection policies.
Resource development has caused great damage to the ecological environment of resourcebased regions. A good environment is the foundation of social development. Studying the pollution intensity and emission reduction potential of resource-based regions has important research significance for promoting environmental policy adjustment for resource-based regional transformation. Using the mean variance weighting method,41 resource-based prefecture-level cities in Henan,Ningxia,Jilin,Shaanxi,Shandong,Anhui,Jiangxi and other provinces and autonomous regions were selected as research objects. Calculating the pollution intensity and emission reduction potential of each region in different development stages in 2006 and2015. The results show that the emissions of various pollutants increased rapidly in 2015,among which wastewater and industrial solid waste increased by 94. 672 million tons and 5. 8 million tons respectively; the overall average emission reduction potential increased by 9. 1% during the study period,including Maanshan.The city's comprehensive emission reduction potential increased by 61. 9%. The overall environmental conditions deteriorated,and Yan'an's emission reduction potential ranking increased by 15 places,and its environmental conditions improved. The difference between the maximum emission reduction potential and the minimum emission reduction potential of each resource-based region in 2006 reached 0. 949,and in 2015,it reached 0. 975. The environmental pollution status and pollution control level in various regions are still uneven,and it is necessary to make differential adjustments for environmental protection policies.
引文
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[19]苏丹,王志江,王彤,等.辽河流域工业废水主要污染物排放强度单元差异分析[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(2):275-280.
[20]陈东景.我国主要污染物排放强度的区域差异分析[J].生态环境,2008,17(1):133-137.
[2]张生玲,李跃,酒二科,等.路径依赖、市场进入与资源型城市转型[J].经济理论与经济管理,2016(2):14-27.
[3]曾望军.污染物排放强度与我国经济增长:基于内生增长模型的研究[J].湖南大学学报(社会科学版),2016,30(3):94-100.
[4]谭琦璐,温宗国,陈吉宁.中国城市工业污染强度与经济增长耦合关系[J].城市环境与城市生态,2010,23(1):1-4.
[5]成德宁,杨敏.城市经济密度与污染排放强度关系的实证研究:基于我国地级市数据[J].学习与实践,2015(10):5-14.
[6]张倩倩,支国强,李田富,等.基于模糊数学法的昆明市近九年主要污染物排放强度分析研究[J].环境科学导刊,2016,35(S1):168-171.
[7]王超,张洪,唐文忠,等.海河流域主要污染物排放强度及其源结构解析:以2007年为例[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(8):2345-2353.
[8]侯丽朋,唐军,赵荣钦,等.郑州市不同产业的碳排放特征及减排潜力分析[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),2016,37(3):82-88.
[9]WANG L J. The changes of China's environmental poli-cies in the latest 30 years[J]. Procedia EnvironmentalSciences,2010,30(2):1206-1212.
[10]逯元堂,赵云皓,陶亚,等. 2017年中国环保产业政策综述[J].中国环保产业,2018(8):6-18.
[11]张萍,农麟,韩静宇.迈向复合型环境治理:我国环境政策的演变、发展与转型分析[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2017,17(6):105-116.
[12]王丽萍.我国环境管制政策的演进特点及中外政策对比[J].现代经济探讨,2014(10):84-87.
[13]邱立成,曹知修,王自锋.欧盟环境政策与新能源产业集聚:理论分析与实证检验[J].经济经纬,2013(5):65-71.
[14]WANG P,WOLF S A,LASSOIE J P,et al. Promiseand reality of market-based environmental policy inChina:Empirical analyses of the ecological restorationprogram on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. GlobalEnvironmental Change,2016,39(7):35-44.
[15]JI X,LI G,WANG Z H. Impact of emission regulationpolicies on Chinese power firms’reusable environmen-tal investments and sustainable operations[J]. EnergyPolicy,2017,108(9):163-177.
[16]王强,刘雅玲,吴悦颖,等.我国主要污染物排放强度区域特征分析研究[J].环境保护科学,2015,41(3):57-61.
[17]王丽萍.河南省环境污染的区域差异研究[J].地域研究与开发,2011,30(6):74-77.
[18]张国兴,马玲飞.生态恢复视角下资源型区域产业转型路径研究[J].区域经济评论,2018(6):63-70.
[19]苏丹,王志江,王彤,等.辽河流域工业废水主要污染物排放强度单元差异分析[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(2):275-280.
[20]陈东景.我国主要污染物排放强度的区域差异分析[J].生态环境,2008,17(1):133-137.