基于WSNs的温室大棚智能灌溉控制系统设计
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摘要
针对我国现阶段温室大棚节水灌溉和智能控制的需求,设计了一套新型的智能灌溉控制系统。首先综合考虑温室环境因子对实时灌溉需求量的影响,采用ZigBee和WiFi双协议融合的无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSNs)技术,对环境数据实时采集并无线发送控制指令;其次,通过系统辨识的方法,建立灌溉量与土壤湿度的数学模型,并由此为智能灌溉控制系统设计提供关键依据;最后,设计一种将模糊控制器和PID控制器自适应切换的智能控制算法,实现对温室大棚的智能灌溉控制。实验仿真和实际测试结果表明,所提出的双协议融合WSNs弥补了ZigBee无线传感器网络传输速率较低、传输距离较近的不足,稳定可靠;Fuzzy-PID复合控制具有较理想的动态性能和稳态品质,并且该系统已经得到实际应用。
A new type of intelligent irrigation control system is designed according to the demand of water saving irrigation and intelligent control of greenhouse in China.Firstly,considering the impact of greenhouse environmental factors on the demand of real-time irrigation,the Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) of ZigBee and WiFi dual-protocol fusion technology is used for real-time acquisition of environmental data and sending control commands.Secondly,a mathematical model of irrigation amount and soil moisture is established by using the system identification method,which provides key data for the smart irrigation control system;finally,the intelligent control algorithm is designed by adaptive switching fuzzy controller and PID controller to achieve the smart irrigation control for greenhouse.The simulation and actual test results show that the proposed WSNs of dual-protocol fusion make up for the shortcomings that ZigBee wireless sensor networks transmission rate is low and the distance is short,furthermore the performance is stable and reliable;Fuzzy-PID compound control obtains ideal dynamic performance and steady quality,and the system has been applied in practice.
A new type of intelligent irrigation control system is designed according to the demand of water saving irrigation and intelligent control of greenhouse in China.Firstly,considering the impact of greenhouse environmental factors on the demand of real-time irrigation,the Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) of ZigBee and WiFi dual-protocol fusion technology is used for real-time acquisition of environmental data and sending control commands.Secondly,a mathematical model of irrigation amount and soil moisture is established by using the system identification method,which provides key data for the smart irrigation control system;finally,the intelligent control algorithm is designed by adaptive switching fuzzy controller and PID controller to achieve the smart irrigation control for greenhouse.The simulation and actual test results show that the proposed WSNs of dual-protocol fusion make up for the shortcomings that ZigBee wireless sensor networks transmission rate is low and the distance is short,furthermore the performance is stable and reliable;Fuzzy-PID compound control obtains ideal dynamic performance and steady quality,and the system has been applied in practice.
引文
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[2]陈晓燕,庞涛.基于Zig Bee网络的温室节水灌溉系统设计[J].传感器与微系统,2013,32(5):82-85.Chen X Y,Pang T.Design of Water-saving Irrigation System for Greenhouse Based on Zig Bee Network[J].Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2013,32(5):82-85.
[3]瞿磊,刘盛德,胡咸斌.ZigBee技术及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2007:5-14.Qu L,Liu S D,Hu X B.Technology and Application of ZigBee[M].Beijing:Beihang University Press,2007:5-14.
[4]Verma L,Fakharzadeh M,Choi S.Wifi on steroids:802.11AC and802.11AD[J].IEEE Wireless Communications,2013,20(6):30-35.
[5]栗岩峰,李久生,赵伟霞.再生水高效安全灌溉关键理论与技术研究进展[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(6):102-110.Li Y F,Li J S,Zhao W X.Review on Irrigation Technology Applying Sewage Effluent-Advances and Prospects[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(6):102-110.
[6]Domingues J,Valério D,da Costa J S.Rule-based Fractional Control of an Irrigation Canal[J].Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics,2011,6(2):024503.
[7]张化光,孟祥萍.智能控制基础理论及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013.Zhang H G,Meng X P.Basic Theory and Application of Intelligent Control[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2013
[8]Holder R,Cockshull K E.Effects of Humidity on the Growth and Yield of Glasshouse Tomatoes[J].Journal of Horticultural Science,1990,65(1):31-39.
[9]Peng X,Liu G.Intelligent Water-saving Irrigation System based on Fuzzy Control and Wireless Sensor Network[C].Digital Home(ICDH),2012 Fourth International Conference on.IEEE,2012:252-256.
[10]战美,刘春红,位耀光,等.基于模糊控制的温室温湿度无线智能监控系统[J].农业工程,2013,3(3):47-50.Zhan M,Liu C,Wei Y G,et al.Design of Wireless Intelligent Monitoring System for Greenhouse Temperature and Humidity based on Fuzzy Control[J].Agricultural Engineering,2013,3(3):47-50.
[11]刘红波,李少远,柴天佑.一种基于模糊切换的模糊复合控制器及其应用[J].控制与决策,2003,18(5):615-618.Liu H,Li S Y,Cai T Y.Fuzzy Hybrid Controller based on Fuzzy Switching and Its Application[J].Control and Decision,2003,18(5):615-618.
[12]訾斌,段宝岩,黄进.基于模糊控制器的LNB温度控制系统[J].计算机工程,2007,33(1):230-235.Zi B,Duan B Y,Huang J.Temperature Control System of LNB based on Fuzzy Controller[J].Computer Engineering,2007,33(1):230-235.
[13]Shamsuzzoha M.Robust PID Controller Design for Time Delay Processes with Peak of Maximum Sensitivity Criteria[J].Journal of Central South University,2014,21(10):3777-3786.
[14]Gao G F,Li H Z.Design of Heating Furnace Temperature Control System Based on Fuzzy-PID Controller[M].Information Engineering and Applications.Springer London,2012:1463-1469.
[15]仲伟波,李忠梅,石婕,等.一种用于设施农业的Zig Bee-Wi Fi网关研制[J].计算机科学,2014,41(z1):484-486.Zhong W B,Li Z H,Shi J,et al.Design and Implementation of Zig Bee-Wi Fi Gateway for Facility Agriculture[J].Computer Science,2014,41(z1):484-486.
[16]Qin H,Zhang W.Zig Bee-Assisted Power Saving for More Efficient and Sustainable Ad Hoc Networks[J].Wireless Communications,IEEE Transactions on,2013,12(12):6180-6193.
[17]刘金琨,沈晓蓉,赵龙.系统辨识理论及MATLAB仿真[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2013.Liu J K,Shen X R,Zhao L.System Identification Theory and Matlab Simulation[M],Beijing:Electronics and Industry Press,2013.
[18]Kukolj D D,Kuzmanovi?S B,Levi E.Design of a PID-like compound fuzzy logic controller[J].Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence,2001,14(6):785-803.