北京西郊下苇甸剖面张夏组强迫型海退记录
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摘要
强迫型海退是海平面(或基准面)下降产生的海退过程,从而区别于正常海退。在克拉通盆地中,强迫型海退常产生沉积基底的暴露并且产生沉积间断,在特定背景下,也会留下相应的沉积记录,北京西郊下苇甸剖面张夏组就是一个典型实例。在该张夏组由一个三级层序构成,进一步可划分为3个四级层序。有序的沉积相序列形成的张夏组,快速加深事件不但产生淹没不整合型层序界面,而且形成了张夏组中下部更多的陆棚相泥岩和泥灰岩沉积;但是,在其顶部,鲕粒滩灰岩的发育就成为对强迫型海退进程的响应。因此,上述现象为研究张夏组鲕粒滩的发育特征提供了重要线索,也为大范围的研究提供了一个概念性模型。
A forced regression refers to the regressive process caused by a sea-level(or base level)fall and is distinguished from a normal regression.In cratonic basins,a forced regression often exposes sedimentary base and produces a depositional break.In certain depositional settings,the regressive process can leave a sedimentary record.The Changhsia(Zhangxia)Formation at the Xiaweidian section in the western suburb of Beijing provides such an example.The Changhsia Formation consists of one third-order sequence,which can be further subdivided into three forth-order sequences.Both the third-and forth-order sequences are marked by the regularly stacking pattern of sedimentary facies,and rapid flooding not only produced sequence boundaries of the drowning unconformity type,and also formed more shelf facies mudstone and muddy limestone deposits in the lower-middle Changhsia Formation.But oolitic banks which formed at the top Changhsia Formation represent the response to a forced regression.This study provides important insights into the development of oolitic banks in the Changhsia Formation.
A forced regression refers to the regressive process caused by a sea-level(or base level)fall and is distinguished from a normal regression.In cratonic basins,a forced regression often exposes sedimentary base and produces a depositional break.In certain depositional settings,the regressive process can leave a sedimentary record.The Changhsia(Zhangxia)Formation at the Xiaweidian section in the western suburb of Beijing provides such an example.The Changhsia Formation consists of one third-order sequence,which can be further subdivided into three forth-order sequences.Both the third-and forth-order sequences are marked by the regularly stacking pattern of sedimentary facies,and rapid flooding not only produced sequence boundaries of the drowning unconformity type,and also formed more shelf facies mudstone and muddy limestone deposits in the lower-middle Changhsia Formation.But oolitic banks which formed at the top Changhsia Formation represent the response to a forced regression.This study provides important insights into the development of oolitic banks in the Changhsia Formation.
引文
鲍亦冈.1996.北京市岩石地层.武汉:中国地质大学出版社.51-71.
陈金勇,韩作振,范洪海等.2014.鲁西寒武系凝块石特征及其形成机制的探讨.地质学报,88(6):967-980.
樊爱萍,杨仁超,韩作振等.2015.鲁西地区张夏组碳酸盐岩成岩系统.沉积学报,33(1):67-79.
冯增昭,鲍志东,郑秀娟等.2015.关于“大贵州滩”.古地理学报,17(4):573-575.
赫云兰,刘波,秦善等.2012.北京西山下苇甸中寒武统张夏组.地质科技情报,31(1):9-16.
黄汲清.1927.北京西山之寒武纪及奥陶纪地层.中国地质学会志,6(2):69-82.
卢衍豪.1962.中国的寒武系.北京:科学出版社.1-119.
卢衍豪,董南庭.1952.山东寒武纪标准剖面新观察.地质学报,32(3):164-201.
卢衍豪,张文堂,朱兆玲等.1994.关于我国寒武系建阶的建议.地层学杂志,18(4):318-328.
梅冥相.1996.淹没不整合型碳酸盐三级旋回层序---兼论碳酸盐台地的凝缩作用.岩相古地理,16(6):24-33.
梅冥相.2010.从正常海退与强迫型海退的辨别进行层序界面对比:层序地层学进展之一.古地理学报,12(5):549-564.
梅冥相.2011a.华北寒武系二级海侵背景下的沉积趋势及层序地层序列:以北京西郊下苇甸剖面为例.中国地质,38(2):317-337.
梅冥相.2011b.从旋回的有序叠加形式到层序的识别和划分:层序地层学进展之三.古地理学报,13(1):37-54.
梅冥相,高金汉.2005.岩石地层的相分析方法与原理.北京:地质出版社.1-285.
梅冥相,罗光文,苏德辰.1994.碳酸盐异成因复合海平面变化施回层序──以北京西山张夏组为例.桂林冶金地质学院学报,(2):145-153.
彭善池.2006.全球寒武系四统划分框架正式确立.地层学杂志,30(2):147-148.
彭善池,Bobcock L E.2005.全球寒武系年代地层再划分的建议.地层学杂志,29(1):92-93,96.
孙云铸.1935.中国北部上寒武纪之三叶虫化石.中国古生物志,乙种,第7号,第二册:1-105.
吴因业,张天舒,张志杰等.2010.沉积体系域类型、特征及石油地质意义.古地理学报,12(1):69-81.
杨俊才,马飞宙.2014.单岩性米级旋回在旋回地层划分中识别---以北京西山张夏组为例.地层学杂志,38(3):311-317.
叶良辅等.1920.北京西山地质志.地质专报,甲种第1号:1-92.
张旭,张宁,杨振鸿等.2009.北京西山下苇甸中寒武统碳酸盐岩微相及沉积相研究.地质科技情报,28(6):25-30.
章森桂,张允白,严惠君.2009.“国际地层表”(2008)简介.地层学杂志,33(1):1-10.
章轩玮.2015.北京西山淹没不整合型高频旋回层序地层研究.特种油气藏,22(6):19-24.
朱传庆,罗杨,杨帅等.2009.北京西山寒武系层序地层.中国地质,36(1):120-130.
Cawood P A,Nemchin A A,Strachan Ret al..2007.Sedimentary basin and detrital zircon record along East Laurentia and Baltica during assembly and breakup of Rodinia.Journal of the Geological Society,164(2):257-275.
Desjardins P R,Buatois L A,Pratt B Ret al..2012.Forced regressive tidal flats:response to falling sea level in tide-dominated settings.Journal of Sedimentary Research,82(3):149-162.
Gómez J J&Fernández-López S.1994.Condensed processes in shallow platform.Sedimentary Geology,92:147-159.
Helland-Hansen W&Gjelberg J G.1994.Conceptual basis and variability in sequence stratigraphy:a different perspective.Sedimentary Geology,92(1):31-52.
Hunt D&Tucker M E.1992.Stranded parasequences and the forced regressive wedge systems tract:deposition during baselevel'fall.Sedimentary Geology,81(1):1-9.
Nummedal D,Gupta S,Plint A G et al.1995.The falling stage systems tract:definition,character and expression in several examples from the Cretaceous from the US Western Interior//Hunt D,Gawthorpe R&Docherty M convenors.Sedimentary responses to forced regressions:Geological Society(London)Program Book.45-48.
Osleger D A.1990.Subtidal carbonate cycles:implications for allocyclic versus autocyclic controls.Geology,19:917-920.
Osleger D Aet al.1991.Relation of custasy to stacking patterns of meter-scale carbonate cycles,Late Cambrian,USA.J Sedi Petro,61(7):1225-1252.
Plint A G&Nummedal D.2000.The falling stage systems tract:recognition and importance in sequence stratigraphic analysis.Geological Society,London,Special Publications 172(1):1-17.
Pruss S B,Finnegan S,Fischer W Wet al..2010.Carbonates in skeleton-poor seas:new insights from Cambrian and Ordovician strata of Laurentia.Palaios,25:73-84.
Ridente D&Trincardi F.2005.Pleistocene"muddy"forced-regression deposits on the Adriatic shelf:a comparison with prodelta deposits of the late Holocene highstand mud wedge.Mar Geol,222-223:213-233.
Riding R.1992.Temporal variation in calcification in marine cyanobacteria.Journal of Geological Society of London,149:979-989.
Samanta P,Mukhopadhyay S&Eriksson P G.2016.Forced regressive wedge in the Mesoproterozoic Koldaha Shale,Vindhyan basin,Son Valley,central India.Marine&Petroleum Geology,71:329-343.
Schlager W.1989.Drowning unconformities on carbonate platforms//Crevello P D,Wilson J L,Sarg J F et al.Controls on Carbonate Platform and Basin Development.SEPM,Special Publication 44:15-25.
Schlager W.1998.Exposure,drowning and sequence boundaries on carbonate platforms//Camoin G&Davies P eds.Reefs and carbonate platforms in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.International Association of Sedimentologists,Special Publication 25:3-21.
Schlager W.1999.Type 3sequence boundaries//Harris P,Saller A&Simo A eds.Carbonate sequence stratigraphy:application to reservoirs,outcrops and models.SEPM,Special Publication63:35-46.
Schlager W&Warrlich G.2009.Record of sea-level fall in tropical carbonates.Basin Research,21(2):209-224.
Willis B,Blackwelder E&Sargent R H.1907.Descriptive topography and geology//Research in China.Carnegie Institution of Washington.2
Zecchin M&Catuneanu O.2013.High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of clastic shelves I:units and bounding surfaces.Mar Petroleum Geol,39:1-25.
Zecchin M&Catuneanu O.2015.High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of clastic shelves III:applications to reservoir geology.Mar Pet Geol,62:161-175.
Zecchin M,Civile D,Caffau M,Sturiale G&Roda C.2011.Sequence stratigraphy in the context of rapid regional uplift and high-amplitude glacio-eustatic changes:the Pleistocene Cutro Terrace(Calabria,southern Italy).Sedimentology,58:442-477.
陈金勇,韩作振,范洪海等.2014.鲁西寒武系凝块石特征及其形成机制的探讨.地质学报,88(6):967-980.
樊爱萍,杨仁超,韩作振等.2015.鲁西地区张夏组碳酸盐岩成岩系统.沉积学报,33(1):67-79.
冯增昭,鲍志东,郑秀娟等.2015.关于“大贵州滩”.古地理学报,17(4):573-575.
赫云兰,刘波,秦善等.2012.北京西山下苇甸中寒武统张夏组.地质科技情报,31(1):9-16.
黄汲清.1927.北京西山之寒武纪及奥陶纪地层.中国地质学会志,6(2):69-82.
卢衍豪.1962.中国的寒武系.北京:科学出版社.1-119.
卢衍豪,董南庭.1952.山东寒武纪标准剖面新观察.地质学报,32(3):164-201.
卢衍豪,张文堂,朱兆玲等.1994.关于我国寒武系建阶的建议.地层学杂志,18(4):318-328.
梅冥相.1996.淹没不整合型碳酸盐三级旋回层序---兼论碳酸盐台地的凝缩作用.岩相古地理,16(6):24-33.
梅冥相.2010.从正常海退与强迫型海退的辨别进行层序界面对比:层序地层学进展之一.古地理学报,12(5):549-564.
梅冥相.2011a.华北寒武系二级海侵背景下的沉积趋势及层序地层序列:以北京西郊下苇甸剖面为例.中国地质,38(2):317-337.
梅冥相.2011b.从旋回的有序叠加形式到层序的识别和划分:层序地层学进展之三.古地理学报,13(1):37-54.
梅冥相,高金汉.2005.岩石地层的相分析方法与原理.北京:地质出版社.1-285.
梅冥相,罗光文,苏德辰.1994.碳酸盐异成因复合海平面变化施回层序──以北京西山张夏组为例.桂林冶金地质学院学报,(2):145-153.
彭善池.2006.全球寒武系四统划分框架正式确立.地层学杂志,30(2):147-148.
彭善池,Bobcock L E.2005.全球寒武系年代地层再划分的建议.地层学杂志,29(1):92-93,96.
孙云铸.1935.中国北部上寒武纪之三叶虫化石.中国古生物志,乙种,第7号,第二册:1-105.
吴因业,张天舒,张志杰等.2010.沉积体系域类型、特征及石油地质意义.古地理学报,12(1):69-81.
杨俊才,马飞宙.2014.单岩性米级旋回在旋回地层划分中识别---以北京西山张夏组为例.地层学杂志,38(3):311-317.
叶良辅等.1920.北京西山地质志.地质专报,甲种第1号:1-92.
张旭,张宁,杨振鸿等.2009.北京西山下苇甸中寒武统碳酸盐岩微相及沉积相研究.地质科技情报,28(6):25-30.
章森桂,张允白,严惠君.2009.“国际地层表”(2008)简介.地层学杂志,33(1):1-10.
章轩玮.2015.北京西山淹没不整合型高频旋回层序地层研究.特种油气藏,22(6):19-24.
朱传庆,罗杨,杨帅等.2009.北京西山寒武系层序地层.中国地质,36(1):120-130.
Cawood P A,Nemchin A A,Strachan Ret al..2007.Sedimentary basin and detrital zircon record along East Laurentia and Baltica during assembly and breakup of Rodinia.Journal of the Geological Society,164(2):257-275.
Desjardins P R,Buatois L A,Pratt B Ret al..2012.Forced regressive tidal flats:response to falling sea level in tide-dominated settings.Journal of Sedimentary Research,82(3):149-162.
Gómez J J&Fernández-López S.1994.Condensed processes in shallow platform.Sedimentary Geology,92:147-159.
Helland-Hansen W&Gjelberg J G.1994.Conceptual basis and variability in sequence stratigraphy:a different perspective.Sedimentary Geology,92(1):31-52.
Hunt D&Tucker M E.1992.Stranded parasequences and the forced regressive wedge systems tract:deposition during baselevel'fall.Sedimentary Geology,81(1):1-9.
Nummedal D,Gupta S,Plint A G et al.1995.The falling stage systems tract:definition,character and expression in several examples from the Cretaceous from the US Western Interior//Hunt D,Gawthorpe R&Docherty M convenors.Sedimentary responses to forced regressions:Geological Society(London)Program Book.45-48.
Osleger D A.1990.Subtidal carbonate cycles:implications for allocyclic versus autocyclic controls.Geology,19:917-920.
Osleger D Aet al.1991.Relation of custasy to stacking patterns of meter-scale carbonate cycles,Late Cambrian,USA.J Sedi Petro,61(7):1225-1252.
Plint A G&Nummedal D.2000.The falling stage systems tract:recognition and importance in sequence stratigraphic analysis.Geological Society,London,Special Publications 172(1):1-17.
Pruss S B,Finnegan S,Fischer W Wet al..2010.Carbonates in skeleton-poor seas:new insights from Cambrian and Ordovician strata of Laurentia.Palaios,25:73-84.
Ridente D&Trincardi F.2005.Pleistocene"muddy"forced-regression deposits on the Adriatic shelf:a comparison with prodelta deposits of the late Holocene highstand mud wedge.Mar Geol,222-223:213-233.
Riding R.1992.Temporal variation in calcification in marine cyanobacteria.Journal of Geological Society of London,149:979-989.
Samanta P,Mukhopadhyay S&Eriksson P G.2016.Forced regressive wedge in the Mesoproterozoic Koldaha Shale,Vindhyan basin,Son Valley,central India.Marine&Petroleum Geology,71:329-343.
Schlager W.1989.Drowning unconformities on carbonate platforms//Crevello P D,Wilson J L,Sarg J F et al.Controls on Carbonate Platform and Basin Development.SEPM,Special Publication 44:15-25.
Schlager W.1998.Exposure,drowning and sequence boundaries on carbonate platforms//Camoin G&Davies P eds.Reefs and carbonate platforms in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.International Association of Sedimentologists,Special Publication 25:3-21.
Schlager W.1999.Type 3sequence boundaries//Harris P,Saller A&Simo A eds.Carbonate sequence stratigraphy:application to reservoirs,outcrops and models.SEPM,Special Publication63:35-46.
Schlager W&Warrlich G.2009.Record of sea-level fall in tropical carbonates.Basin Research,21(2):209-224.
Willis B,Blackwelder E&Sargent R H.1907.Descriptive topography and geology//Research in China.Carnegie Institution of Washington.2
Zecchin M&Catuneanu O.2013.High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of clastic shelves I:units and bounding surfaces.Mar Petroleum Geol,39:1-25.
Zecchin M&Catuneanu O.2015.High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of clastic shelves III:applications to reservoir geology.Mar Pet Geol,62:161-175.
Zecchin M,Civile D,Caffau M,Sturiale G&Roda C.2011.Sequence stratigraphy in the context of rapid regional uplift and high-amplitude glacio-eustatic changes:the Pleistocene Cutro Terrace(Calabria,southern Italy).Sedimentology,58:442-477.