情与理——《论语》“直”的双重内涵
|
摘要
"直"本意为目光向正前方看,后来词义逐渐丰富。在《论语》中,不同语境下"直"的内涵也有所不同,它具有情与理的双重维度。解释为"坦荡、率真"之时,侧重强调了"情"的涵义;解释为"公平、公正"之时,注重"理"的内涵。合情合理是儒家为人处世、制定规范的两项基本原则。儒家"经权观"就是在保持基本原则的前提下,进行利益权衡,灵活变通,适时而变。
The basic meaning of "Rectitude" is looking straight forward, and then its meanings are richer and richer. "Rectitude" has different connotations in different contexts. The connotations contain both emotions and reason. Being reasonable and being fair are the two basic principles of human life and norms in Confucianism. The Confucian concept of "regularity" is to balance the interests and make changes flexibly while observing the basic principles.
The basic meaning of "Rectitude" is looking straight forward, and then its meanings are richer and richer. "Rectitude" has different connotations in different contexts. The connotations contain both emotions and reason. Being reasonable and being fair are the two basic principles of human life and norms in Confucianism. The Confucian concept of "regularity" is to balance the interests and make changes flexibly while observing the basic principles.
引文
[1]马永康.“直爽”:《论语》中的“直”[J].现代哲学,2007(9):62-69.
[2]梁涛.《论语》“亲亲相隐”章新释[J].中原文化研究,2015(1):34-42.
[3][东汉]许慎.说文解字[M].徐铉,校定.北京:中华书局,1985:424.
[4]李民,王健.尚书译注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2004:219.
[5][15][33]周易正义[M].[三国]王弼注,[唐]孔颖达疏.北京:北京大学出版社,2000:390,321,18.
[6][21][清]王先慎.韩非子集解[M].钟哲,点校.北京:中华书局,2003:449,137.
[7][29][西汉]司马迁.史记[M].北京:中华书局,1963:2482,2264-2265.
[8]北大《荀子》注释组.荀子新注[M].北京:中华书局,1979:28.
[9][10][11][12][13][16][17][18][23][27][28][30][35][40][41][44][45]程树德.论语集释[M].程俊英,蒋见元,点校.北京:中华书局,2015:517,1480,151,153,663,1211,21,1576,447,448-449,449,448,1189-1192,349,1375,1376,1377.
[14][20][24][31][32][38][39][42][43][46][47][48][清]刘宝楠.论语正义[M].高流水,点校.北京:中华书局,2016:290,708,201,234,284,538,537,618,617-618,632,632,632-633.
[19][25][26][34][南宋]朱熹.四书章句集注[M].北京:中华书局,2016:167,80,80,8.
[22]李梦生.左传译注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1998:592.
[36]刘清平.美德还是腐败---析《孟子》中有关舜的两个案例[J].哲学研究,2002(2):43-47.
[37]廖名春.《论语》“父子互隐”章新证[J].湖南大学学报(社会科学版),2013(2):5-13.
[2]梁涛.《论语》“亲亲相隐”章新释[J].中原文化研究,2015(1):34-42.
[3][东汉]许慎.说文解字[M].徐铉,校定.北京:中华书局,1985:424.
[4]李民,王健.尚书译注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2004:219.
[5][15][33]周易正义[M].[三国]王弼注,[唐]孔颖达疏.北京:北京大学出版社,2000:390,321,18.
[6][21][清]王先慎.韩非子集解[M].钟哲,点校.北京:中华书局,2003:449,137.
[7][29][西汉]司马迁.史记[M].北京:中华书局,1963:2482,2264-2265.
[8]北大《荀子》注释组.荀子新注[M].北京:中华书局,1979:28.
[9][10][11][12][13][16][17][18][23][27][28][30][35][40][41][44][45]程树德.论语集释[M].程俊英,蒋见元,点校.北京:中华书局,2015:517,1480,151,153,663,1211,21,1576,447,448-449,449,448,1189-1192,349,1375,1376,1377.
[14][20][24][31][32][38][39][42][43][46][47][48][清]刘宝楠.论语正义[M].高流水,点校.北京:中华书局,2016:290,708,201,234,284,538,537,618,617-618,632,632,632-633.
[19][25][26][34][南宋]朱熹.四书章句集注[M].北京:中华书局,2016:167,80,80,8.
[22]李梦生.左传译注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1998:592.
[36]刘清平.美德还是腐败---析《孟子》中有关舜的两个案例[J].哲学研究,2002(2):43-47.
[37]廖名春.《论语》“父子互隐”章新证[J].湖南大学学报(社会科学版),2013(2):5-13.