高性能计算在目标电磁散射特性分析中的应用
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摘要
基于高性能计算的电磁数值模拟在目标电磁散射特性分析中发挥着越来越重要的作用.由于任一种数值方法都有一定的适用范围,不能高效处理所有问题,因此,有必要发展和集成多种数值方法,形成能够为不同类型问题的雷达散射截面(radar cross section, RCS)计算提供高效解决途径的软件系统.文中在并行自适应结构/非结构网格应用支撑软件框架之上,充分考虑数值方法的可扩展性以及物理个性的可分离性,通过基于机理、数据的混合可计算建模和接口设计,以及算法的模块化开发,发展了多种用于RCS计算的数值方法,并将其集成到高性能电磁数值模拟软件系统JEMS中.数值算例表明了JEMS具有高效分析多种目标电磁散射特性的能力,并在大规模并行计算方面具有显著优势.
The electromagnetic numerical simulation based on high performance computing gains more and more attention in analyzing the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of targets to meet the engineering increasing requirements. Since each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and there is no one method which can deal with all problems, it is necessary to develop multi approach for integrating the software system, which can provide efficient means to analyze the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of different targets. Considering scalability of algorithms and separability of physical characteristics, based on parallel adaptive structured/unstructured mesh applications infrastructure, several numerical methods are developed and integrated into the electromagnetic numerical simulation software system, JEMS, with studying computable modeling, interface design and modularized realization of algorithms. Some numerical examples illustrate JEMS has the capability in efficient solving the radar cross sections of different targets, and has advantages in large-scale parallel computing.
The electromagnetic numerical simulation based on high performance computing gains more and more attention in analyzing the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of targets to meet the engineering increasing requirements. Since each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and there is no one method which can deal with all problems, it is necessary to develop multi approach for integrating the software system, which can provide efficient means to analyze the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of different targets. Considering scalability of algorithms and separability of physical characteristics, based on parallel adaptive structured/unstructured mesh applications infrastructure, several numerical methods are developed and integrated into the electromagnetic numerical simulation software system, JEMS, with studying computable modeling, interface design and modularized realization of algorithms. Some numerical examples illustrate JEMS has the capability in efficient solving the radar cross sections of different targets, and has advantages in large-scale parallel computing.
引文
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[22] TSANG L, LI Q. Wave scattering with UV multilevel partitioning method for volume scattering by discrete scatters[J]. Microwave and optical technology letters, 2004, 41(5): 354-361.
[23] CHEW W C, JIN J M, MIDIELSSEN E, et al. Fast and efficient algorithms in computational electromagnetics[M]. MA: Artech House, 2001.
[24] JIN J M. The finite element method in electromagnetics [M]. New York: Wiley, 1993.
[25] 葛德彪, 闫玉波. 电磁波时域有限差分方法[M]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社, 2002.
[26] YANG M L, GAO H W, SHENG X Q. Parallel domain-decomposition-based algorithm of hybrid FE-BI-MLFMA method for 3D scattering by large inhomogeneous objects[J]. IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, 2013, 61(9): 4675-4684.
[27] LIU Z L, WANG C F, Efficient iterative method of moments—physical optics hybrid technique for electrically large objects[J]. IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, 2012, 60(7): 3520-3525.
[28] 周海京, 刘阳, 李瀚宇, 等. 计算电磁学及其在复杂电磁环境数值模拟中的应用及发展趋势[J]. 计算物理, 2014, 31(4): 219-229. ZHOU H J, LIU Y, LI H Y, et al. Computational electromagnetics and applications in numerical simulation of electromagnetic environmental effects and development tendency[J]. Chinese journal of computational physics, 2014, 31(4): 219-229.(in Chinese)
[2] 庄钊文, 袁乃昌, 莫锦军, 等. 军用目标雷达散射截面预估与测量[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2007.
[3] 保铮, 邢孟道, 王彤. 雷达成像技术[M]. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2005.
[4] 阮颖铮. 雷达散射截面与隐身技术[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 1998.
[5] 聂在平, 方大纲. 目标与环境电磁散射特性建模——理论、方法与实现[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2009.
[6] 桑建华. 飞行器隐身技术[M]. 北京:航空工业出版社, 2013.
[7] 艾俊强, 周莉, 杨青真. S弯隐身喷管[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2017.
[8] SONG J M, LU C C, CHEW W C, et al. Fast illinois solver code (FISC) [J]. IEEE antennas and propagation magazine, 1998, 40(3): 27-34.
[9] PENG Z, LIM K H, LEE J F. Non-conformal domain decomposition method for solving large multi-scale electromagnetic scattering problem[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2013, 101(12): 298-319.
[10] 胡俊, 聂在平, 王军, 等. 三维电大尺寸目标电磁散射求解的多层快速多极子方法[J]. 电波科学学报, 2004, 19(5): 509-514. HU J, NIE Z P, WANG J, et al. Multilevel fast multipole algorithm for solving scattering from 3-D electrically large object[J]. Chinese journal of radio science, 2004, 19(5): 509-514. (in Chinese)
[11] 潘小敏, 盛新庆. 电特大复杂目标电磁特性的高效精确并行计算[J]. 电波科学学报, 2008, 23(5): 888-891. PAN X M, SHENG X Q. Efficient and accurate parallel computation of electromagnetic scattering by extremely large targets[J]. Chinese journal of radio science, 2008, 23(5): 888-891.(in Chinese)
[12] ZHANG Y, ZHAO X W, DONORO D G, et al. Parallelized hybrid method with higher-order MoM and Po for analysis of phased array antennas on electrically large platforms[J]. IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, 2010, 58(2): 4110-4115.
[13] MO Z Y, ZHANG A Q, CAO X L, et al. JASMIN: A software infrastructure for large scale parallel adaptive structured mesh application[J]. Frontiers of computer science in China, 2010, 4(4): 480-488.
[14] KLINE M, KAY I. Electromagnetic theory and geometrical optics[M]. New York: Wiley Inter-science, 1965.
[15] KELLER J B. A geometrical theory of diffraction[M]. New York: Mc Graw-hill Book Co., 1958.
[16] UFIMTSEV P. Method of edge waves in physical theory of diffraction[R]. Ohio: Wright-Patterson AFB, 1971.
[17] 盛新庆. 计算电磁学要论[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004.
[18] 王长清. 现代计算电磁学基础[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2005.
[19] CATEDRA M F, TORRES R P, BASTERRECHEA J, et al. CG-FFT method: application of signal processing techniques to electromagnetics[M]. MA: Artech House, 1995.
[20] SEO S M, LEE J F. A fast IE-FFT algorithm for solving PEC scattering problem[J]. IEEE transactions on magnetics, 2005, 41: 1476-1479.
[21] RIUS J M, PARRON J, UBEDA E, et al. Multilevel matrix decomposition for analysis of electrically large electromagnetic problems in 3-D[J]. Microwave and optical technology letters, 1999, 22(3): 177-182.
[22] TSANG L, LI Q. Wave scattering with UV multilevel partitioning method for volume scattering by discrete scatters[J]. Microwave and optical technology letters, 2004, 41(5): 354-361.
[23] CHEW W C, JIN J M, MIDIELSSEN E, et al. Fast and efficient algorithms in computational electromagnetics[M]. MA: Artech House, 2001.
[24] JIN J M. The finite element method in electromagnetics [M]. New York: Wiley, 1993.
[25] 葛德彪, 闫玉波. 电磁波时域有限差分方法[M]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社, 2002.
[26] YANG M L, GAO H W, SHENG X Q. Parallel domain-decomposition-based algorithm of hybrid FE-BI-MLFMA method for 3D scattering by large inhomogeneous objects[J]. IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, 2013, 61(9): 4675-4684.
[27] LIU Z L, WANG C F, Efficient iterative method of moments—physical optics hybrid technique for electrically large objects[J]. IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, 2012, 60(7): 3520-3525.
[28] 周海京, 刘阳, 李瀚宇, 等. 计算电磁学及其在复杂电磁环境数值模拟中的应用及发展趋势[J]. 计算物理, 2014, 31(4): 219-229. ZHOU H J, LIU Y, LI H Y, et al. Computational electromagnetics and applications in numerical simulation of electromagnetic environmental effects and development tendency[J]. Chinese journal of computational physics, 2014, 31(4): 219-229.(in Chinese)