不同观赏荷花品种深水栽培的物候特征研究
|
摘要
以25个观赏荷花品种为研究对象,进行水深1.8 m栽培后的生长期物候观测。结果表明:深水栽培后,有21个品种能开花,且具有一定的观赏性。按照叶柄、花柄高度,叶径、花径大小及花期长短,将21个观赏荷花品种划分为5个类群。极高叶柄类群(H>2.6 m)和极高花柄类群(H>2.8 m)品种种类相同,分别为荷花‘冬日红’、荷花‘连云港冬荷’、荷花‘金凤展翅’。其中,荷花‘连云港冬荷’的叶径、花径达到极高水平,且为长花期类群种,花期可达118 d;中等高度叶柄类群(H>2.2 m)和中等高度花柄类群(H>2.4 m)中,荷花‘红建莲’、荷花‘星空牡丹’花期分别为112,123 d,属长花期类群。深水栽培的观赏荷花,按照表型性状及数量性状进行分类,可为湿地造景提供丰富的品种选择。
With 25 ornamental lotus cultivars as the research object,their growth phenology was observed under deep water cultivation. The results were as follows,21 cultivars was still flowering in deep water. According to the petiole height,flower height,flower diameter,leaf diameter and flowering duration,21 ornamental louts cultivars were divided into five major groups. The cultivars of extremely high petiole group were the same with those of extremely high flower group,those were‘Dongrihong',‘Lianyungang Donghe',‘Jinfeng Zhanchi'. The leaf diameter,flower diameter of‘Lianyungang Donghe'reached a very extremely high level,and also was a long-flowering species with a flower duration up to 118 days. In middle-height petiole group and middle-height petiole group,the flowering duration of "Hongjianlian"and "Xingkong Mudan"were respectively 112 and 123 days,reaching the level of long flowering duration. Ornamental lotus cultivated in deep water,according to the classification of phenotypic traits and quantitative traits,could provide abundant variety selection for wetland landscaping.
With 25 ornamental lotus cultivars as the research object,their growth phenology was observed under deep water cultivation. The results were as follows,21 cultivars was still flowering in deep water. According to the petiole height,flower height,flower diameter,leaf diameter and flowering duration,21 ornamental louts cultivars were divided into five major groups. The cultivars of extremely high petiole group were the same with those of extremely high flower group,those were‘Dongrihong',‘Lianyungang Donghe',‘Jinfeng Zhanchi'. The leaf diameter,flower diameter of‘Lianyungang Donghe'reached a very extremely high level,and also was a long-flowering species with a flower duration up to 118 days. In middle-height petiole group and middle-height petiole group,the flowering duration of "Hongjianlian"and "Xingkong Mudan"were respectively 112 and 123 days,reaching the level of long flowering duration. Ornamental lotus cultivated in deep water,according to the classification of phenotypic traits and quantitative traits,could provide abundant variety selection for wetland landscaping.
引文
[1]张行言,王其超.中国荷花品种图志[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[2]李祥志,刘兆磊,陈发棣,等.荷花耐深水评价体系及耐深水鉴定[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(3):679-682.
[3]杜凤凤,刘晓静,常雅军,等.基于SSR标记的荷花品种遗传多样性及群体结构分析[J].植物资源与环境学报,2016,25(1):9-16.
[4]徐惠强.江苏湿地现状及保护对策[J].江苏林业科技,1998,25(2):53-59.
[5]张行言,陈龙清.中国荷花新品种图志Ⅰ[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2011.
[6]王连喜,陈怀亮,李琪,等.植物物候与气候研究进展[J].生态学报,2010,20(2):447-454
[7]郝日明,张璐,张明娟,等.影响南京地区桂花秋季开花期变化的关键气候因子研究[J].植物资源与环境学报,2006,15(3):31-34.
[8]张吉顺,张孝廉,王仁刚,等.环境胁迫影响植物开花的分子机制[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2016,42(3):289-305.
[9]HUBERMAN M,RIOV J,ALONI B,et al.Role of ethylene biosynthesis and auxin content and transport in high temperature-induced abscission of pepper reproductive organs[J].Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,1997,16(3):129-135.
[10]张往祥,魏宏亮,江志华,等.观赏海棠品种群的花期物候特征研究[J].园艺学报,2014,41(4):713-725.
[11]陈莉,石雷,崔洪霞,等.荚蒾属植物花期物候及生长对引种地年际气候波动的响应[J].植物学报,2012,47(6):645-653.
[12]陈翔高,房伟民,汪诗珊,等.梅花开花物候期及加长观赏期的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,1999,21(2):22-26.
[13]RODRIGUEZ-RIANO T,ORTEGA-OLIVENCIA A,DEVESA J A.Reproductive phenology in three Genisteae(Fabaceae)shrub species of the W Mediterranean Region[J].Nordic Journal of Botany,1999,19(3):345-354.
[14]NOHARA S,KIMURA M.Growth characteristics of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.in response to water depth and flooding[J].Ecological Research,1997,12(1),11-20.
[15]陈芳清,李永,郄光武,等.水蓼对水淹胁迫的耐受能力和形态学响应[J].武汉植物学研究,2008,26(2):142-146.
[16]王海锋,曾波,乔普,等.长期水淹条件下香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus)和空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)的存活及生长响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(6):2571-2580.
[17]KORNER C,BASLER D.Phenology under global warming[J].Science,2010,327(5972):1461-1462.
[2]李祥志,刘兆磊,陈发棣,等.荷花耐深水评价体系及耐深水鉴定[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(3):679-682.
[3]杜凤凤,刘晓静,常雅军,等.基于SSR标记的荷花品种遗传多样性及群体结构分析[J].植物资源与环境学报,2016,25(1):9-16.
[4]徐惠强.江苏湿地现状及保护对策[J].江苏林业科技,1998,25(2):53-59.
[5]张行言,陈龙清.中国荷花新品种图志Ⅰ[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2011.
[6]王连喜,陈怀亮,李琪,等.植物物候与气候研究进展[J].生态学报,2010,20(2):447-454
[7]郝日明,张璐,张明娟,等.影响南京地区桂花秋季开花期变化的关键气候因子研究[J].植物资源与环境学报,2006,15(3):31-34.
[8]张吉顺,张孝廉,王仁刚,等.环境胁迫影响植物开花的分子机制[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2016,42(3):289-305.
[9]HUBERMAN M,RIOV J,ALONI B,et al.Role of ethylene biosynthesis and auxin content and transport in high temperature-induced abscission of pepper reproductive organs[J].Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,1997,16(3):129-135.
[10]张往祥,魏宏亮,江志华,等.观赏海棠品种群的花期物候特征研究[J].园艺学报,2014,41(4):713-725.
[11]陈莉,石雷,崔洪霞,等.荚蒾属植物花期物候及生长对引种地年际气候波动的响应[J].植物学报,2012,47(6):645-653.
[12]陈翔高,房伟民,汪诗珊,等.梅花开花物候期及加长观赏期的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,1999,21(2):22-26.
[13]RODRIGUEZ-RIANO T,ORTEGA-OLIVENCIA A,DEVESA J A.Reproductive phenology in three Genisteae(Fabaceae)shrub species of the W Mediterranean Region[J].Nordic Journal of Botany,1999,19(3):345-354.
[14]NOHARA S,KIMURA M.Growth characteristics of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.in response to water depth and flooding[J].Ecological Research,1997,12(1),11-20.
[15]陈芳清,李永,郄光武,等.水蓼对水淹胁迫的耐受能力和形态学响应[J].武汉植物学研究,2008,26(2):142-146.
[16]王海锋,曾波,乔普,等.长期水淹条件下香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus)和空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)的存活及生长响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(6):2571-2580.
[17]KORNER C,BASLER D.Phenology under global warming[J].Science,2010,327(5972):1461-1462.