摘要
长江口江心水库青草沙地理位置、供排水系统特殊,主要采用鲢、鳙为主的生物操纵技术调控水质。在2015年6月至2017年5月共采集了鲢139、鳙59尾,以鳞片、脊椎骨作为鉴定年龄的材料,并对每个样本的体长、体质量等生物学数据进行了采集,在此基础上研究了它们各自的生长特性。结果表明:青草沙水库鲢由1~10龄组成,其中以3~4龄居多;鳙由1~11龄组成,其中以2~3龄居多。鲢、鳙体长和体质量回归方程分别为W=0.037 9L~(3.027)和W=0.039 0L~(2.946);鲢体长、体质量Von Bertalanffy生长方程分别为:L_t=77.73~([1-e~(-0.183(t+0.60))]),W_t=20 024.3[1-e~(-0.183(t+0.60))]~(3.027),其中t代表鱼的年龄,生长拐点年龄在5.4龄;鳙的体长、体质量Von Bertalanffy生长方程分别为:L_t=92.11[1-e~(-0.172(t+1.27))],W_t=23 875.2[1-e~(-0.172(t+1.27))]~(2.946),生长拐点年龄在5.0龄。建议青草沙水库中的鲢、鳙鱼以5.5龄为起捕年龄。
The Qingcaosha reservoir in the Yangtze River estuary is a special system for water supply and the water quality is mainly controlled through biological manipulation methods by Hypophthalmichthys molitrix( H.molitrix) and Hypophthalmichthys nobilis( H. nobilis). A total of 139 tails of H. molitrix and 59 H. nobilis were collected from June 2015 to May 2017. Their ages were identified through the scales or vertebrae,and their growth characteristics were studied based on ages. The results showed that: the age of H. molitrix ranged from 1 to 10 years old and most of them ranged from 3 to 4 years old; The age of H. nobilis was composed of 1 to 11 years old,most of them were 2 or 3 years old. The formula of body length and weight of H. molitrix and H.nobilis were W = 0. 037 9L~(3. 027) and W = 0. 039 0L~(2. 946) respectively. the functions of Von Bertalanffy in H.molitrix was L_t= 77. 73[1-e~(-0. 183( t + 0. 60))],W_t= 20 024. 3[1-e~(-0. 183( t + 0. 60))]~(3. 027),and that in H. nobilis were: L_t= 92. 11[1-e~(-0. 172( t + 1. 27))],W_t= 23 875. 2[1-e~(-0. 172( t + 1. 27))]~(2. 946),the growth inflection points of H.molitrix and H. nobilis were 5. 24 and 5 years old respectively. So it is recommended that the fishing age of H.nobilis and H. molitrix should be 5. 5 years old respectively.
引文
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