24-表油菜素内酯对杏果实采后抗冷性与可溶性糖含量的影响
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摘要
为了探究24-表油菜素内酯对杏果实采后抗冷性与可溶性糖含量变化的影响,以新疆‘赛买提’杏为实验材料,用质量浓度0.9 mg/L的24-表油菜素内酯减压渗透处理后置于温度0℃、相对湿度90%～95%的冷库贮藏,定期测定杏果实的冷害指数、冷害发病率、丙二醛含量、细胞膜透性及可溶性糖含量变化。结果表明:24-表油菜素内酯可明显降低杏果实低温贮藏期间冷害指数、冷害发病率、丙二醛含量、细胞膜透性,显著提高杏果实果糖、山梨醇和葡萄糖含量(P<0.05),降低蔗糖含量(P<0.05)。表明24-表油菜素内酯能够增强杏果实抗冷性,其可能与诱导果糖、山梨醇和葡萄糖含量的变化密切相关。
In order to investigate the effect of 24-epibrassinolide(EBR) on cold resistance and soluble sugar content in apricots during postharvest storage, freshly harvested fruit of Xinjiang ‘Saimaiti' apricot were decompress osmosis treated with 0.9 mg/L EBR and stored at 0 ℃ and relative humidity of 90%–95%. Chilling injury index, chilling injury rate, malondialdehyde content,cell membrane permeability and soluble sugar content were determined periodically during storage. The results showed that EBR effectively reduced the chilling injury index, chilling injury rate, malondialdehyde content, cell membrane permeability of apricots, and significantly increased the contents of fructose, sorbitol, glucose(P < 0.05), but reduced sucrose content(P< 0.05). Conclusively, this study indicated that EBR could enhance cold resistance in apricots, and the mechanism may be related to changes in fructose, sorbitol and glucose content.
In order to investigate the effect of 24-epibrassinolide(EBR) on cold resistance and soluble sugar content in apricots during postharvest storage, freshly harvested fruit of Xinjiang ‘Saimaiti' apricot were decompress osmosis treated with 0.9 mg/L EBR and stored at 0 ℃ and relative humidity of 90%–95%. Chilling injury index, chilling injury rate, malondialdehyde content,cell membrane permeability and soluble sugar content were determined periodically during storage. The results showed that EBR effectively reduced the chilling injury index, chilling injury rate, malondialdehyde content, cell membrane permeability of apricots, and significantly increased the contents of fructose, sorbitol, glucose(P < 0.05), but reduced sucrose content(P< 0.05). Conclusively, this study indicated that EBR could enhance cold resistance in apricots, and the mechanism may be related to changes in fructose, sorbitol and glucose content.
引文
[1]新疆维吾尔自治区统计局.新疆统计年鉴2017[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017:195-196.
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[3]LASTDRAGER J,HANSON J,SMEEKENS S.Sugar signals and the control of plant growth and development[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2014,65(3):799-807.DOI:10.1093/jxb/ert474.
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[5]MATROS A,PESHBV D,PEUKERT M,et al.Sugars as hydroxyl radical scavengers:proof-of-concept by studying the fate of sucralose in Arabidopsis[J].Plant Journal,2015,82(5):822-839.DOI:10.1111/tpj.12853.
[6]PALONEN P,BUSZARD D,DONNELLY D.Changes in carbohydrates and freezing tolerance during cold acclimation of red raspberry cultivars grown in vitro and in vivo[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2000,110(3):393-401.DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2000.1100314.x.
[7]MOORE T C.Biochemistry and physiology of plant hormone[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1989:255-264.
[8]李辉,左钦月,涂升斌.油菜素内酯生物合成和代谢研究进展[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(11):1787-1798.DOI:10.13592/j.cnki.ppj.2015.0377.
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[10]吴杨,高慧纯,张必弦,等.24-表油菜素内酯对盐碱胁迫下大豆生育、生理及细胞超微结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(5):811-821.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.05.004.
[11]WU W L,ZHANG Q,ERVIN E H,et al.Physiological mechanism of enhancing salt stress tolerance of perennial ryegrass by24-epibrassinolide[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8:1-11.DOI:10.3389/fpls.2017.01017.
[12]刘庆,栾雪涛,徐世彦,等.24-表油菜素内酯对葡萄叶片抵御霜霉菌侵染的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(15):3010-3018.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.15.015.
[13]李宁.外源24-表油菜素内酯增强番茄植株弱光胁迫耐性的生理机制[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014:1-63.
[14]GAO H,ZHANG Z K,LV X G,et al.Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on chilling injury of peach fruit in relation to phenolic and proline metabolisms[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2016,111:390-397.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.07.031.
[15]GAO H,KANG L N,LIU Q,et al.Effect of 24-epibrassinolide treatment on the metabolism of eggplant fruits in relation to development of pulp browning under chilling stress[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2014,52(6):3394-3401.DOI:10.1007/s13197-014-1402-y.
[16]赵亚婷,朱璇,马玄,等.采前水杨酸处理对杏果实抗病性及苯丙烷代谢的诱导[J].食品科学,2015,36(2):216-220.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201502042.
[17]WANG Zhen,CAO Jiankang,JIANG Weibo.Changes in sugar metabolism caused by exogenous oxalic acid related to chilling tolerance of apricot fruit[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2016,114:10-16.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.11.015.
[18]曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:轻工业出版社,2007:148-149.
[19]KHAN M M,AL-MAS’OUDI R S M,AI-SAID F,et al.Salinity effects on growth,electrolyte leakage,chlorophyll content and lipid peroxidation in cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)[J].International Proceedings of Chemical Biological and Environmental,2013,55(6):28-32.DOI:10.7763/IPCBEE.2013.V55.6.
[20]ZHANG C F,TIAN S P.Crucial contribution of membrane lipids unsaturation to acquisition of chilling-tolerance in peach fruit stored at 0℃[J].Food Chemistry,2009,115(2):405-411.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.12.021.
[21]ITAI A,TANAHASHI T.Inhibition of sucrose loss during cold storage in Japanese pear(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)by 1-MCP[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2008,48(3):355-363.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.10.015.
[22]杜改改,李泰山,刁松锋,等.6个杏李品种果实甜酸风味品质分析[J].果树学报,2017,34(1):41-49.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20160108.
[23]李园园,王莉,周梦洁,等.2,4-表油菜素内酯对草莓果实贮藏品质及抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(1):279-284.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201801042.
[24]柳巧禛,秦晨亮,代红军.24-表油菜素内酯对“赤霞珠”葡萄品质及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(15):38-41.DOI:10.11937/bfyy.201615009.
[25]WANG K,SHAO X F,GONG Y F,et al.The metabolism of soluble carbohydrates related to chilling injury in peach fruit exposed to cold stress[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2013,86(3):53-61.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.06.020.
[26]CAO S F,YANG Z F,ZHENG Y H.Sugar metabolism in relation to chilling tolerance of loquat fruit[J].Food Chemistry,2013,136(1):139-143.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.07.113.
[27]SINGH S P,SINGH Z,SWINNY E E.Postharvest nitric oxide fumigation delays fruit ripening and alleviates chilling injury during cold storage of Japanese plums(Prunus salicina Lindell)[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2009,53(3):101-108.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.01.011.
[28]JACKSON M B,BLACK C R.Interacting stresses on plants in a changing climate[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1993:647-657.
[29]GILL S S,TUTEJA N.Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2010,48(12):909-930.DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.08.016.
[30]COUEE I,SULMON C,GOUESBET G,et al.Involvement of soluble sugars in reactive oxygen species balance and responses to oxidative stress in plants[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2006,57(3):449-459.DOI:10.1093/jxb/erj027.
[31]LINSTERI C L,CLARKE S G.L-Ascorbate biosynthesis in higher plants:the role of VTC2[J].Trends in Plant Science,2008,13(11):567-573.DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2008.08.005.
[32]SHAO Xingfeng,ZHU Yong,CAO Shifeng,et al.Soluble sugar content and metabolism as related to the heat-induced chilling tolerance of loquat fruit during cold storage[J].Food and Bioprocess Technology,2013,6(12):3490-3498.DOI:10.1007/s11947-012-1011-6.
[33]ZAHARAH S S,SINGH Z.Postharvest nitric oxide fumigation alleviates chilling injury,delays fruit ripening and maintains quality in cold-stored‘Kensington Pride’mango[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2011,60(3):202-210.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.01.011.
[34]WONGSHEREE T,KETSA S,VAN DOORN W G.The relationship between chilling injury and membrane damage in lemon basil(Ocimum citriodourum)leaves[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2009,51(1):91-96.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.05.015.
[35]ANCHORDOGUY T J,RUDOLPH A S,CARPENTER J F,et al.Modes of interaction of cryoprotectants with membrane phospholipids during freezing[J].Cryobiology,1987,24(4):324-331.DOI:10.1016/0011-2240(87)90036-8.
[36]HOLLAND N,MENEZES H C,LAFUENT M T.Carbohydrates as related to the heat-induced chilling tolerance and respiratory rate of‘Fortune’mandarin fruit harvested at different maturity stages[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2002,25(2):181-191.DOI:10.1016/S0925-5214(01)00182-X.
[2]KOUSHESH S M,ARZANI K,BARZEGAR M.Postharvest polyamine application alleviates chilling injury and affects apricot storage ability[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2012,60(36):8947-8953.DOI:10.1021/jf302088e.
[3]LASTDRAGER J,HANSON J,SMEEKENS S.Sugar signals and the control of plant growth and development[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2014,65(3):799-807.DOI:10.1093/jxb/ert474.
[4]ELS K,DARIN P,JACO V,et al.Plant sugars are crucial players in the oxidative challenge during abiotic stress:extending the traditional concept[J].Plant Cell and Environment,2013,36(7):1242-1255.DOI:10.1111/pce.12061.
[5]MATROS A,PESHBV D,PEUKERT M,et al.Sugars as hydroxyl radical scavengers:proof-of-concept by studying the fate of sucralose in Arabidopsis[J].Plant Journal,2015,82(5):822-839.DOI:10.1111/tpj.12853.
[6]PALONEN P,BUSZARD D,DONNELLY D.Changes in carbohydrates and freezing tolerance during cold acclimation of red raspberry cultivars grown in vitro and in vivo[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2000,110(3):393-401.DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2000.1100314.x.
[7]MOORE T C.Biochemistry and physiology of plant hormone[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1989:255-264.
[8]李辉,左钦月,涂升斌.油菜素内酯生物合成和代谢研究进展[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(11):1787-1798.DOI:10.13592/j.cnki.ppj.2015.0377.
[9]王广聚,董服灿,董建军,等.24-表油菜素内酯的合成及应用研究[J].农药,2001(6):12-15.DOI:10.16820/j.cnki.1006-0413.2001.06.004.
[10]吴杨,高慧纯,张必弦,等.24-表油菜素内酯对盐碱胁迫下大豆生育、生理及细胞超微结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(5):811-821.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.05.004.
[11]WU W L,ZHANG Q,ERVIN E H,et al.Physiological mechanism of enhancing salt stress tolerance of perennial ryegrass by24-epibrassinolide[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8:1-11.DOI:10.3389/fpls.2017.01017.
[12]刘庆,栾雪涛,徐世彦,等.24-表油菜素内酯对葡萄叶片抵御霜霉菌侵染的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(15):3010-3018.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.15.015.
[13]李宁.外源24-表油菜素内酯增强番茄植株弱光胁迫耐性的生理机制[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014:1-63.
[14]GAO H,ZHANG Z K,LV X G,et al.Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on chilling injury of peach fruit in relation to phenolic and proline metabolisms[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2016,111:390-397.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.07.031.
[15]GAO H,KANG L N,LIU Q,et al.Effect of 24-epibrassinolide treatment on the metabolism of eggplant fruits in relation to development of pulp browning under chilling stress[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2014,52(6):3394-3401.DOI:10.1007/s13197-014-1402-y.
[16]赵亚婷,朱璇,马玄,等.采前水杨酸处理对杏果实抗病性及苯丙烷代谢的诱导[J].食品科学,2015,36(2):216-220.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201502042.
[17]WANG Zhen,CAO Jiankang,JIANG Weibo.Changes in sugar metabolism caused by exogenous oxalic acid related to chilling tolerance of apricot fruit[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2016,114:10-16.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.11.015.
[18]曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:轻工业出版社,2007:148-149.
[19]KHAN M M,AL-MAS’OUDI R S M,AI-SAID F,et al.Salinity effects on growth,electrolyte leakage,chlorophyll content and lipid peroxidation in cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)[J].International Proceedings of Chemical Biological and Environmental,2013,55(6):28-32.DOI:10.7763/IPCBEE.2013.V55.6.
[20]ZHANG C F,TIAN S P.Crucial contribution of membrane lipids unsaturation to acquisition of chilling-tolerance in peach fruit stored at 0℃[J].Food Chemistry,2009,115(2):405-411.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.12.021.
[21]ITAI A,TANAHASHI T.Inhibition of sucrose loss during cold storage in Japanese pear(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)by 1-MCP[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2008,48(3):355-363.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.10.015.
[22]杜改改,李泰山,刁松锋,等.6个杏李品种果实甜酸风味品质分析[J].果树学报,2017,34(1):41-49.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20160108.
[23]李园园,王莉,周梦洁,等.2,4-表油菜素内酯对草莓果实贮藏品质及抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(1):279-284.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201801042.
[24]柳巧禛,秦晨亮,代红军.24-表油菜素内酯对“赤霞珠”葡萄品质及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(15):38-41.DOI:10.11937/bfyy.201615009.
[25]WANG K,SHAO X F,GONG Y F,et al.The metabolism of soluble carbohydrates related to chilling injury in peach fruit exposed to cold stress[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2013,86(3):53-61.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.06.020.
[26]CAO S F,YANG Z F,ZHENG Y H.Sugar metabolism in relation to chilling tolerance of loquat fruit[J].Food Chemistry,2013,136(1):139-143.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.07.113.
[27]SINGH S P,SINGH Z,SWINNY E E.Postharvest nitric oxide fumigation delays fruit ripening and alleviates chilling injury during cold storage of Japanese plums(Prunus salicina Lindell)[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2009,53(3):101-108.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.01.011.
[28]JACKSON M B,BLACK C R.Interacting stresses on plants in a changing climate[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1993:647-657.
[29]GILL S S,TUTEJA N.Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2010,48(12):909-930.DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.08.016.
[30]COUEE I,SULMON C,GOUESBET G,et al.Involvement of soluble sugars in reactive oxygen species balance and responses to oxidative stress in plants[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2006,57(3):449-459.DOI:10.1093/jxb/erj027.
[31]LINSTERI C L,CLARKE S G.L-Ascorbate biosynthesis in higher plants:the role of VTC2[J].Trends in Plant Science,2008,13(11):567-573.DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2008.08.005.
[32]SHAO Xingfeng,ZHU Yong,CAO Shifeng,et al.Soluble sugar content and metabolism as related to the heat-induced chilling tolerance of loquat fruit during cold storage[J].Food and Bioprocess Technology,2013,6(12):3490-3498.DOI:10.1007/s11947-012-1011-6.
[33]ZAHARAH S S,SINGH Z.Postharvest nitric oxide fumigation alleviates chilling injury,delays fruit ripening and maintains quality in cold-stored‘Kensington Pride’mango[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2011,60(3):202-210.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.01.011.
[34]WONGSHEREE T,KETSA S,VAN DOORN W G.The relationship between chilling injury and membrane damage in lemon basil(Ocimum citriodourum)leaves[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2009,51(1):91-96.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.05.015.
[35]ANCHORDOGUY T J,RUDOLPH A S,CARPENTER J F,et al.Modes of interaction of cryoprotectants with membrane phospholipids during freezing[J].Cryobiology,1987,24(4):324-331.DOI:10.1016/0011-2240(87)90036-8.
[36]HOLLAND N,MENEZES H C,LAFUENT M T.Carbohydrates as related to the heat-induced chilling tolerance and respiratory rate of‘Fortune’mandarin fruit harvested at different maturity stages[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2002,25(2):181-191.DOI:10.1016/S0925-5214(01)00182-X.