Al-Mg-Si合金电弧熔丝增材构件组织与性能
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摘要
以复合超高频脉冲方波变极性钨极氩弧(HPVP–GTAW)为热源,Al–5Mg(ER5087)和Al–5Si(ER4043两种焊丝为填丝材料进行铝合金电弧熔丝增材制造,通过控制两焊丝的送丝速度获得不同主要合金元素Mg和Si含量的Al–Mg–Si合金薄壁构件,试验研究不同Mg/Si比及热处理对薄壁构件组织及性能的影响。结果表明:合金组织主要由柱状晶及少量等轴晶组成,呈非均匀分布。调节主要合金元素含量可实现对铝合金增材构件性能的控制,随着Mg/Si比的增加,增材构件的力学性能呈上升趋势,各向同性;经过固溶及人工时效热处理后,增材构件的力学性能得到显著提升,但塑性降低。
Double–wires+arc additive manufacturing(D–WAAM) system for Al–Mg–Si alloy using hybrid pulsedvariable polarity gas tungsten arc welding(HPVP–GTAW) process was established. When two different alloying wires(Al–5Mg + Al–5Si) were used, ternary(Al–Mg–Si) alloys with various compositions can be obtained by adjusting the wire feed speed of the two wires. Mechanical properties of the as-deposited and heat treatment Al–Mg–Si alloys were investigated.Microstructures of Al–Mg–Si deposits are mainly composed of columnar and equiaxed dendrite grains with non-uniform distribution characteristics. Mechanical properties of the as-deposited and heat treatment Al–Mg–Si alloys were investigated. Experimental results show that with the increase of the Mg/Si ratio, tensile properties of the as-deposited alloy increased, which were also nearly isotropic along the two directions. After heat treatment, tensile property of some specimens increased a lot but too much plasticity was loosed.
Double–wires+arc additive manufacturing(D–WAAM) system for Al–Mg–Si alloy using hybrid pulsedvariable polarity gas tungsten arc welding(HPVP–GTAW) process was established. When two different alloying wires(Al–5Mg + Al–5Si) were used, ternary(Al–Mg–Si) alloys with various compositions can be obtained by adjusting the wire feed speed of the two wires. Mechanical properties of the as-deposited and heat treatment Al–Mg–Si alloys were investigated.Microstructures of Al–Mg–Si deposits are mainly composed of columnar and equiaxed dendrite grains with non-uniform distribution characteristics. Mechanical properties of the as-deposited and heat treatment Al–Mg–Si alloys were investigated. Experimental results show that with the increase of the Mg/Si ratio, tensile properties of the as-deposited alloy increased, which were also nearly isotropic along the two directions. After heat treatment, tensile property of some specimens increased a lot but too much plasticity was loosed.
引文
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[3] WANG H,JIANG W,OUYANG J H, et al. Rapid prototyping of 4043 Al-alloy parts by VP-GTAW[J]·Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2004, 148(1):93-102·
[4] OUYANG J H, WANG H, KOVACEVIC R·Rapid prototyping of 5356-aluminum alloy based on variable polarity gas tungsten arc welding:Process control and microstructure[J]·Materials&Manufacturing Processes,2002, 17(1):103-124.
[5]张新明,刘胜胆·航空铝合金及其材料加工[J]·中国材料进展,2013,32(1):39-55·ZHANG Xinming, LIU Shengdan·Aeronautical aluminum alloy and processing[J]. Materials China,2013, 32(1):39-55·
[6]杨守杰,戴圣龙·航空铝合金的发展回顾与展望[J]·材料导报,2005, 19(2):76-80.YANG Shoujie, DAI Shenglong·Review and prospect of the development of aeronautical aluminum alloy[J]·Materials Review, 2005,19(2):76-80.
[7] ZHONG H, ROMETSCH P, ESTRIN Y·Effect of alloy composition and heat treatment on mechanical performance of 6xxx aluminum alloys[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2014, 24(7):2174-2178·
[8] ZHANG J,FAN Z, WANG Y Q, et al·Equilibrium pseudobinary Al-Mg2Si phase diagram[J]·Materials Science&Technology, 2001, 17(5):494-496.
[9] GARRETT R P, LIN J, DEAN T A·An investigation of the effects of solution heat treatment on mechanical properties for AA6xxx alloys:experimentation and modelling[J]·International Journal of Plasticity, 2005, 21(8):1640-1657.
[10]张国鹏·热处理工艺对新型6XXX系铝合金组织与性能的影响[D]·长沙:中南大学,2010·ZHANG Guopeng·Influence of heat treatment on microstructure and property of new type 6XXX series aluminum alloy[D]·Changsha:Central South University, 2010
[11]刘文静,钟利萍·6XXX铝合金热处理工艺的研究概况[J]·材料导报:纳米与新材料辑,2012(1):137-140-LIU Wenjing, ZHONG Liping·Status of heat treatment process for6XXX series aluminum alloys[J]·Materials Review:Nanomaterials and New Materials,2012(1):137-140·
[12]张宏辉,李旭,项胜前,等·6XXX系变形铝合金的合金化原理和生产应用[J]·轻合金加工技术,2012,40(3):12-17·ZHANG Honghui, LI Xu, XIANG Shengqian, et al·Alloyingprinciple and its application in production of 6XXX series wrought aluminum alloy[J]·Light Alloy Fabrication Technology, 2012, 40(3):12-17·
[13]李念奎·铝合金材料及其热处理技术[M]·北京:冶金工业出版社,2012·LI Niankui·Aluminum alloys and heat treatment[M]·Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press, 2012·