特低渗岩性油藏间连通性表征研究——以鄂尔多斯盆地马岭地区长8油藏为例
|
摘要
分析各岩性油藏之间的连通性,可为油藏之间区域寻找新的油气富集区提供依据。以鄂尔多斯盆地马岭地区长8油藏为研究对象,根据砂体发育规模及夹层发育状况分析储层砂体连通性,通过原油全烃色谱分析判断油藏间流体连通性。运用动静结合的方法探讨了马岭地区长8段各个小油藏间的连通性,结果表明:研究区长8段储层砂体叠置样式包括:孤立式、接触式、切叠式,其中切叠式储层砂体间连通性较好;建立了基于夹层的发育状况下砂体连通概率公式,并计算了研究区长8段储层砂体连通概率;通过原油全烃色谱分析可将研究区长8油藏分为三个流体连通系统,每个系统内的小油藏之间相互连通,不同系统内的小油藏间连通性差;根据马岭地区最新的勘探评价成果验证了该方法的有效性,该方法对特低渗岩性油藏间的连通性分析及油气勘探部署具有一定的指导意义。
Analysis of connectivity among lithologic reservoirs could provide the basis for finding new oil and gas enrichment areas. Taking the Chang 8 reservoir in the Maling area of the Ordos Basin as an example, and according to sand body and the interlayer development, the fluid connectivity among reservoirs was determined by the total hydrocarbon chromatogram of its crude oil. This paper discusses the connectivity among Chang 8 reservoirs in the Maling area by combining dynamic and static data. Study results show that the sand body can be divided into three superposition models, which are the isolated, contacted, and tangency models. The tangency sand body model has good connectivity. A new formula for the connectivity probability of the sand body is proposed by taking the interlayer development into consideration and using this formula to calculate the connectivity probability of the sand body in the study area. Dynamic data analysis can be used to divide the Chang 8 reservoir into three fluid connected systems, each of which is connected to each other, and the interconnectivity among reservoirs in different systems is poor. The effectiveness of this method was verified according to the latest exploration and evaluation results, and this method has certain guiding significance for the analysis of the connectivity among the ultra-low permeability lithologic reservoirs and the next step for exploration and deployment.
Analysis of connectivity among lithologic reservoirs could provide the basis for finding new oil and gas enrichment areas. Taking the Chang 8 reservoir in the Maling area of the Ordos Basin as an example, and according to sand body and the interlayer development, the fluid connectivity among reservoirs was determined by the total hydrocarbon chromatogram of its crude oil. This paper discusses the connectivity among Chang 8 reservoirs in the Maling area by combining dynamic and static data. Study results show that the sand body can be divided into three superposition models, which are the isolated, contacted, and tangency models. The tangency sand body model has good connectivity. A new formula for the connectivity probability of the sand body is proposed by taking the interlayer development into consideration and using this formula to calculate the connectivity probability of the sand body in the study area. Dynamic data analysis can be used to divide the Chang 8 reservoir into three fluid connected systems, each of which is connected to each other, and the interconnectivity among reservoirs in different systems is poor. The effectiveness of this method was verified according to the latest exploration and evaluation results, and this method has certain guiding significance for the analysis of the connectivity among the ultra-low permeability lithologic reservoirs and the next step for exploration and deployment.
引文
[1] 张云峰,刘宗堡,赵容生,等.三角洲平原亚相储层砂体静态连通性定量表征:以松辽盆地肇州油田扶余油层为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(6):1314-1321.[Zhang Yunfeng,Liu Zongbao,Zhao Rongsheng,et al.Quantitative characterization of delta plainsubfacies reservoir sandbody static connectivity:Taking Fuyu oil layer of Zhaozhou oil Field in Songliao Basin as an example[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(6):1314-1321.]
[2] 张磊夫,王红亮,李英烈,等.砂体融合的定量表征及其对储集层连通性的控制[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(2):205-212.[Zhang Leifu,Wang Hongliang,Li Yinglie,et al.Quantitative characterization of sandstone amalgamation and its impact on reservoir connectivity[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(2):205-212.]
[3] Gazi N H,Ali F,Al-Naqi M,et al.Reservoir connectivity analysis using long term interference testing in a waterflood pilot in the carbonate Marrat formation of the Greater Burgan field,Kuwait[C]//Proceedings of SPE annual technical conference and exhibition.San Antonio,Texas,USA:SPE,2012:1-12.
[4] 孙涛,窦宏恩,邹存友,等.井间动态连通性评价新方法研究[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(2):110-114.[Sun Tao,Dou Hong’en,Zou Cunyou,et al.A new method for inter-well dynamic communication evaluation[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(2):110-114.]
[5] 罗晓容,雷裕红,张立宽,等.油气运移输导层研究及量化表征方法[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):428-436.[Luo Xiaorong,Lei Yuhong,Zhang Likuan,et al.Characterization of carrier formation for hydrocarbon migration:concepts and approaches[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):428-436.]
[6] 田景春,张兴良,王峰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地高桥地区上古生界储集砂体叠置关系及分布定量刻画[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(6):737-742,815.[Tian Jingchun,Zhang Xingliang,Wang Feng,et al.Quantitative characterization of superimposition relationship and distribution of reservoir sandbodies in the Upper Palaeozoic of Gaoqiao region,the Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(6):737-742,815.]
[7] 封从军,鲍志东,单启铜,等.三角洲平原复合分流河道内部单砂体划分:以扶余油田中区南部泉头组四段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):77-83.[Feng Congjun,Bao Zhidong,Shan Qitong,et al.Single sand body identification in compound distributary channel of delta plain:A case study from the fourth member of Quantou Formation in the southern part of central Fuyu oilfield[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2012,33(1):77-83.]
[8] 赵春明,胡景双,霍春亮,等.曲流河与辫状河沉积砂体连通模式及开发特征:以渤海地区秦皇岛32-6油田为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(6):88-91.[Zhao Chunming,Hu Jingshuang,Huo Chunliang,et al.Sandbody interconneetivity architecture and development characteristics of meandering river and braided river deposits:A case study of Qinhuangdao 32-6 oilfield,Bohai area[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2009,16(6):88-91.]
[9] Leeder M R.Fluvial fining-up wards cycles and the magnitude of paleochannels[J].Geology Magazine,1973,110(3):265-276.
[10] Bridge J S,Mackey S D.A theoretical study of fluvial sandstone body dimensions[J].Special Publications of the International Association of Sedimentologists,1993,15(1):65-82.
[11] Bridge J S,Tye R S.Interpreting the dimensions of ancient fluvial channel bars,channels,and channel belts from wireline-logs and cores[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(8):1205-1228.
[12] Allen J R L.Studies in fluviatile sedimentation:An exploratory quantitative model for the architecture of avulsion-controlled alluvial suites[J].Sedimentary Geology,1978,21(2):129-147.
[13] 裘亦楠.储层沉积学研究工作流程[J].石油勘探与开发,1990,17(1):85-90.[Qiu Yi’nan.A proposed flow-diagram for reservoir sedimentological study[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1990,17(1):85-90.]
[14] King P R.The connectivity and conductivity of overlapping sand bodies[M]//Buller A T,Berg E,Hjelmeland O,et al.North sea oil and gas reservoirs-Ⅱ.Dordrecht:Springer,1990:353-362.
[15] 雷裕红,罗晓容,张立宽,等.东营凹陷南斜坡东段沙河街组砂岩输导层连通性量化表征[J].石油学报,2013,34(4):692-700.[Lei Yuhong,Luo Xiaorong,Zhang Likuan,et al.Quantitative characterization of Shahejie Formation sandstone carrier connectivity of the eastern part of the south slope in Dongying Sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(4):692-700.]
[16] Lei Y H,Luo X R,Song G Q,et al.Quantitative characterization of connectivity and conductivity of sandstone carriers during secondary petroleum migration,applied to the Third Member of Eocene Shahejie Formation,Dongying Depression,Eastern China[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2014,51:268-285.
[17] 赵健,罗晓容,张宝收,等.塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组砂岩输导层量化表征及有效性评价[J].石油学报,2011,32(6):949-958.[Zhao Jian,Luo Xiaorong,Zhang Baoshou,et al.A quantitative characterization and effectiveness evaluation on sandstone carrier beds of the Silurian Kalpintag Formation in the Tazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(6):949-958.]
[18] 刘振宇,曾昭英,翟云芳,等.利用脉冲试井方法研究低渗透油藏的连通性[J].石油学报,2003,24(1):73-77.[Liu Zhenyu,Zeng Zhaoying,Zhai Yunfang,et al.Study on connectivity of low-permeability reservoirs with pulse-testing method[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(1):73-77.]
[19] 廖红伟,王琛,左代荣.应用不稳定试井判断井间连通性[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(4):87-89.[Liao Hongwei,Wang Chen,Zuo Dairong.Applying transient testing to the judgement of inter-well connectivity[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(4):87-89.]
[20] Pomerantz A E,Ventura G T,McKenna A M,et al.Combining biomarker and bulk compositional gradient analysis to assess reservoir connectivity[J].Organic Geochemistry,2010,41(8):812-821.
[21] 张钊,陈明强,高永利.应用示踪技术评价低渗透油藏油水井间连通关系[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,21(3):48-51.[Zhang Zhao,Chen Mingqiang,Gao Yongli.Estimation of the connectivity between oil wells and water injection wells in low-permeability reservoir using tracer detection technique[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University (Natural Science Edition),2006,21(3):48-51.]
[22] 陈坤,何文祥,魏君.井间示踪剂在油藏连通性分析中的应用:以马厂油田为例[J].长江大学学报(自然版),2015,12(8):70-73,77.[Chen Kun,He Wenxiang,Wei Jun.Application of interwell tracer method in analysis of reservoir connectivity[J].Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition),2015,12(8):70-73,77.]
[23] 赵辉,姚军,吕爱民,等.利用注采开发数据反演油藏井间动态连通性[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(6):91-94,98.[Zhao Hui,Yao Jun,Lü Aimin,et al.Reservoir interwell dynamic connectivity inversion based on injection and production data[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2010,34(6):91-94,98.]
[24] 赵辉,康志江,孙海涛,等.水驱开发多层油藏井间连通性反演模型[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):99-106.[Zhao Hui,Kang Zhijiang,Sun Haitao,et al.An interwell connectivity inversion model for waterflooded multilayer reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(1):99-106.]
[25] Hird K B,Dubrule O.Quantification of reservoir connectivity for reservoir description applications[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering,1998,1(1):12-17.
[26] Heffer K J,Fox R J,McGill C A,et al.Novel techniques show links between reservoir flow directionality,earth stress,fault structure and geomechanical changes in mature waterfloods[J].SPE Journal,1997,2(2):91-98.
[27] Alejandro A,Lake L W.Inferring interwell connectivity from well-rate fluctuations in waterfloods[C]//Proceedings of SPE/DOE improved oil recovery symposium.Tulsa,Oklahoma:SPE,2002:6-16.
[28] Panda M N,Chopra A K.An integrated approach to estimate well interactions[C]//Proceedings of SPE India oil and gas conference and exhibition.New Delhi,India:SPE,1998:53-66.
[29] Yousef A A,Jensen J,Lake L W.Integrated interpretation of interwell connectivity using injection and production fluctuations[J].Mathematical Geosciences,2009,41(1):81-102.
[30] 张明安.油藏井间动态连通性反演方法研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(3):70-73.[Zhang Ming’an.Study on inversion for reservoir inter-well dynamic connectivity[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2011,18(3):70-73.]
[31] 赵辉,康志江,张允,等.表征井间地层参数及油水动态的连通性计算方法[J].石油学报,2014,35(5):922-927.[Zhao Hui,Kang Zhijiang,Zhang Yun,et al.An interwell connectivity numerical method for geological parameter characterization and oil-water two-phase dynamic prediction[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(5):922-927.]
[32] Jamali A,Ettehadtavakkol A.Application of capacitance resistance models to determining interwell connectivity of large-scale mature oil fields[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,41(1):132-138.
[33] Kaviani D,Soroush M,Jensen J L.How accurate are Capacitance Model connectivity estimates?[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2014,122:439-452.
[34] Wang D G,Li Y,Chen B L,et al.Ensemble-based optimization of interwell connectivity in heterogeneous waterflooding reservoirs[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2017,38:245-256.
[35] Liang X M.A simple model to infer interwell connectivity only from well-rate fluctuations in waterfloods[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2010,70(1/2):35-43.
[36] Yousef A A,Gentil P H,Jensen J L,et al.A capacitance model to infer interwell connectivity from production and injection rate fluctuations[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering,2006,9(6):630-646.
[37] Lake L W,Liang X M,Edgar T F,et al.Optimization of oil production based on a capacitance model of production and injection rates[C]//Proceedings of hydrocarbon economics and evaluation symposium.Dallas,Texas,USA:SPE,2007:504-513.
[38] Weber D,Edgar T F,Lake L W,et al.Improvements in capacitance-resistive modeling and optimization of large scale reservoirs[C]//Proceedings of SPE western regional meeting.San Jose,California:SPE,2009:1-17.
[39] Lee K H,Ortega A,Jafroodi N,et al.A multivariate autoregressive model for characterizing producer-producer relationships in waterfloods from injection/production rate fluctuations[C]//Proceedings of SPE western regional meeting.Anaheim,California,USA:SPE,2010:1-16.
[40] Nguyen A P,Lasdon L,Lake L W,et al.Capacitance resistive model application to optimize waterflood in a west texas field[C]//Proceedings of SPE annual technical conference and exhibition.Denver,Colorado,USA:SPE,2011:1-13.
[41] Soroush M,Jensen J,Kaviani D.Interwell connectivity evaluation in cases of frequent production interruptions[C]//Proceedings of SPE heavy oil conference-Canada.Calgary,Alberta,Canada:SPE,2013:1-21.
[42] 邓英尔,刘树根,麻翠杰.井间连通性的综合分析方法[J].断块油气田,2003,10(5):50-53.[Deng Ying'er,Liu Shugen,Ma Cuijie.Aggregate analysis method of continuity of formation between wells[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2003,10(5):50-53.]
[43] 蔡春芳.油藏流体连通性水化学指纹分析[J].断块油气田,1997,4(2):33-35.[Cai Chunfang.Identification of reservoir fluid continuity by hydrochemitry fingerprinting[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,1997,4(2):33-35.]
[44] 马亭,梅博文,张俊,等.轮南油田三叠系油藏连通性的地球化学研究[J].石油学报,1997,18(4):38-42.[Ma Ting,Mei Bowen,Zhang Jun,et al.A study on reservoir continuity of Triassic reservoirs of Lunna oilfield in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1997,18(4):38-42.]
[45] 文志刚,朱丹,李玉泉,等.应用色谱指纹技术研究孤东油田六区块油层连通性[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(1):82-83.[Wen Zhigang,Zhu Dan,Li Yuquan,et al.Oil layer connectivity in the sixth block of Gudong oilfield,the evidence from gas chromatography fingerprint technique[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(1):82-83.]
[46] Xu Y H,Shen X D,Chen N X,et al.Evaluation of reservoir connectivity using whole-oil gas chromatographic fingerprint technology:a case study from the Es33 reservoir in the Nanpu Sag,China[J].Petroleum Science,2012,9(3):290-294.
[47] Sun P Y,Bao M T,Li G M,et al.Fingerprinting and source identification of an oil spill in China Bohai Sea by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with multi-statistical analyses[J].Journal of Chromatography A,2009,1216(5):830-836.
[48] 罗丽容,李剑锋,吴凯,等.原油色谱指纹技术在长庆油田五里湾一区分层产能监测中的应用[J].延安大学学报(自然科学版),2013,32(1):62-66.[Luo Lirong,Li Jianfeng,Wu Kai,et al.Application of oil chromatographic fingerprint technique in monitoring individual zone production allocation of commingled oil wells in No.1 Wuliwan area of Changqing oilfield[J].Journal of Yanan University (Natural Science Edition),2013,32(1):62-66.]
[49] 罗丽容,李剑锋,吴凯,等.原油气相色谱指纹技术在油层连通性研究中的应用[J].石油化工应用,2013,32(8):5-10.[Luo Lirong,Li Jianfeng,Wu Kai,et al.Application of oil chromatographic fingerprint technique in studying oil layer connectivity[J].Petrochemical Industry Application,2013,32(8):5-10.]
[50] 何文祥,吴胜和,龚厚琼,等.一种定量判别油藏流体连通性的新方法[J].石油学报,2004,25(6):78-82.[He Wenxiang,Wu Shenghe,Gong Houqiong,et al.A new method for quantitative identification of fluid continuity in reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(6):78-82.]
[51] 吴保祥,段毅,郑朝阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中生界油藏连通性特征研究:以定边—安边以南地区为例[J].地球学报,2008,29(5):628-632.[Wu Baoxiang,Duan Yi,Zheng Chaoyang,et al.A study of mesozoic oil reservoir connectivity in the Ordos Basin:A case study of the southern Anbian-Dingbian area[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2008,29(5):628-632.]
[52] 孟祥宏,王多云,李树同,等.马岭—镇北地区延长组长8油组的砂体类型与多层叠置的连续型油藏特征[J].沉积学报,2011,29(6):1206-1212.[Meng Xianghong,Wang Duoyun,Li Shutong,et al.Characteristics and reservoir forming mode of the oil pools of Chang 8 reservoir in Maling-Zhenbei area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(6):1206-1212.]
[53] 王振奇,何贞铭,张昌民,等.三角洲前缘露头储层层次分析:以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘潭家河剖面为例[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(4):32-35.[Wang Zhenqi,He Zhenming,Zhang Changmin,et al.Analysis on reservoir hierarchy of deltaic front outcrops-taking Tanjiahe outcrop in eastern Ordos Basin for example[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2004,26(4):32-35.]
[54] 赵小庆,鲍志东,刘宗飞,等.河控三角洲水下分流河道砂体储集层构型精细分析:以扶余油田探51区块为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(2):181-187.[Zhao Xiaoqing,Bao Zhidong,Liu Zongfei,et al.An in-depth analysis of reservoir architecture of underwater distributary channel sand bodies in a river dominated delta:A case study of T51 block,Fuyu oilfield[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(2):181-187.]
[55] 兰朝利,何顺利,门成全.利用岩心或露头的交错层组厚度预测辫状河河道带宽度:以鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(2):16-18.[Lan Chaoli,He Shunli,Men Chengquan.Prediction of braided channel belt width based on cross-stratum sets thickness measurements of cores or outcrops-taking Sulige gas field,Ordos Basin as an example[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2005,12(2):16-18.]
[56] 张文正,杨华,李剑锋,等.论鄂尔多斯盆地长7段优质油源岩在低渗透油气成藏富集中的主导作用:强生排烃特征及机理分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(3):289-293.[Zhang Wenzheng,Yang Hua,Li Jianfeng,et al.Leading effect of high-class source rock of Chang 7 in Ordos Basin on enrichment of low permeability oil-gas accumulation-hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mechanism[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(3):289-293.]
[57] 孙秀丽,万永刚,刘照伟,等.挥发作用对C5-C8轻烃指标的影响:模拟实验证据[J].石油学报,2013,34(6):1060-1069.[Sun Xiuli,Wan Yonggang,Liu Zhaowei,et al.Effects of natural evaporation on C5-C8light hydrocarbon indicators:Evidence from experimental results in the laboratory[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(6):1060-1069.]
[2] 张磊夫,王红亮,李英烈,等.砂体融合的定量表征及其对储集层连通性的控制[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(2):205-212.[Zhang Leifu,Wang Hongliang,Li Yinglie,et al.Quantitative characterization of sandstone amalgamation and its impact on reservoir connectivity[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(2):205-212.]
[3] Gazi N H,Ali F,Al-Naqi M,et al.Reservoir connectivity analysis using long term interference testing in a waterflood pilot in the carbonate Marrat formation of the Greater Burgan field,Kuwait[C]//Proceedings of SPE annual technical conference and exhibition.San Antonio,Texas,USA:SPE,2012:1-12.
[4] 孙涛,窦宏恩,邹存友,等.井间动态连通性评价新方法研究[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(2):110-114.[Sun Tao,Dou Hong’en,Zou Cunyou,et al.A new method for inter-well dynamic communication evaluation[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(2):110-114.]
[5] 罗晓容,雷裕红,张立宽,等.油气运移输导层研究及量化表征方法[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):428-436.[Luo Xiaorong,Lei Yuhong,Zhang Likuan,et al.Characterization of carrier formation for hydrocarbon migration:concepts and approaches[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):428-436.]
[6] 田景春,张兴良,王峰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地高桥地区上古生界储集砂体叠置关系及分布定量刻画[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(6):737-742,815.[Tian Jingchun,Zhang Xingliang,Wang Feng,et al.Quantitative characterization of superimposition relationship and distribution of reservoir sandbodies in the Upper Palaeozoic of Gaoqiao region,the Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(6):737-742,815.]
[7] 封从军,鲍志东,单启铜,等.三角洲平原复合分流河道内部单砂体划分:以扶余油田中区南部泉头组四段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):77-83.[Feng Congjun,Bao Zhidong,Shan Qitong,et al.Single sand body identification in compound distributary channel of delta plain:A case study from the fourth member of Quantou Formation in the southern part of central Fuyu oilfield[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2012,33(1):77-83.]
[8] 赵春明,胡景双,霍春亮,等.曲流河与辫状河沉积砂体连通模式及开发特征:以渤海地区秦皇岛32-6油田为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(6):88-91.[Zhao Chunming,Hu Jingshuang,Huo Chunliang,et al.Sandbody interconneetivity architecture and development characteristics of meandering river and braided river deposits:A case study of Qinhuangdao 32-6 oilfield,Bohai area[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2009,16(6):88-91.]
[9] Leeder M R.Fluvial fining-up wards cycles and the magnitude of paleochannels[J].Geology Magazine,1973,110(3):265-276.
[10] Bridge J S,Mackey S D.A theoretical study of fluvial sandstone body dimensions[J].Special Publications of the International Association of Sedimentologists,1993,15(1):65-82.
[11] Bridge J S,Tye R S.Interpreting the dimensions of ancient fluvial channel bars,channels,and channel belts from wireline-logs and cores[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(8):1205-1228.
[12] Allen J R L.Studies in fluviatile sedimentation:An exploratory quantitative model for the architecture of avulsion-controlled alluvial suites[J].Sedimentary Geology,1978,21(2):129-147.
[13] 裘亦楠.储层沉积学研究工作流程[J].石油勘探与开发,1990,17(1):85-90.[Qiu Yi’nan.A proposed flow-diagram for reservoir sedimentological study[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1990,17(1):85-90.]
[14] King P R.The connectivity and conductivity of overlapping sand bodies[M]//Buller A T,Berg E,Hjelmeland O,et al.North sea oil and gas reservoirs-Ⅱ.Dordrecht:Springer,1990:353-362.
[15] 雷裕红,罗晓容,张立宽,等.东营凹陷南斜坡东段沙河街组砂岩输导层连通性量化表征[J].石油学报,2013,34(4):692-700.[Lei Yuhong,Luo Xiaorong,Zhang Likuan,et al.Quantitative characterization of Shahejie Formation sandstone carrier connectivity of the eastern part of the south slope in Dongying Sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(4):692-700.]
[16] Lei Y H,Luo X R,Song G Q,et al.Quantitative characterization of connectivity and conductivity of sandstone carriers during secondary petroleum migration,applied to the Third Member of Eocene Shahejie Formation,Dongying Depression,Eastern China[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2014,51:268-285.
[17] 赵健,罗晓容,张宝收,等.塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组砂岩输导层量化表征及有效性评价[J].石油学报,2011,32(6):949-958.[Zhao Jian,Luo Xiaorong,Zhang Baoshou,et al.A quantitative characterization and effectiveness evaluation on sandstone carrier beds of the Silurian Kalpintag Formation in the Tazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(6):949-958.]
[18] 刘振宇,曾昭英,翟云芳,等.利用脉冲试井方法研究低渗透油藏的连通性[J].石油学报,2003,24(1):73-77.[Liu Zhenyu,Zeng Zhaoying,Zhai Yunfang,et al.Study on connectivity of low-permeability reservoirs with pulse-testing method[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(1):73-77.]
[19] 廖红伟,王琛,左代荣.应用不稳定试井判断井间连通性[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(4):87-89.[Liao Hongwei,Wang Chen,Zuo Dairong.Applying transient testing to the judgement of inter-well connectivity[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(4):87-89.]
[20] Pomerantz A E,Ventura G T,McKenna A M,et al.Combining biomarker and bulk compositional gradient analysis to assess reservoir connectivity[J].Organic Geochemistry,2010,41(8):812-821.
[21] 张钊,陈明强,高永利.应用示踪技术评价低渗透油藏油水井间连通关系[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,21(3):48-51.[Zhang Zhao,Chen Mingqiang,Gao Yongli.Estimation of the connectivity between oil wells and water injection wells in low-permeability reservoir using tracer detection technique[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University (Natural Science Edition),2006,21(3):48-51.]
[22] 陈坤,何文祥,魏君.井间示踪剂在油藏连通性分析中的应用:以马厂油田为例[J].长江大学学报(自然版),2015,12(8):70-73,77.[Chen Kun,He Wenxiang,Wei Jun.Application of interwell tracer method in analysis of reservoir connectivity[J].Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition),2015,12(8):70-73,77.]
[23] 赵辉,姚军,吕爱民,等.利用注采开发数据反演油藏井间动态连通性[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(6):91-94,98.[Zhao Hui,Yao Jun,Lü Aimin,et al.Reservoir interwell dynamic connectivity inversion based on injection and production data[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2010,34(6):91-94,98.]
[24] 赵辉,康志江,孙海涛,等.水驱开发多层油藏井间连通性反演模型[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):99-106.[Zhao Hui,Kang Zhijiang,Sun Haitao,et al.An interwell connectivity inversion model for waterflooded multilayer reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(1):99-106.]
[25] Hird K B,Dubrule O.Quantification of reservoir connectivity for reservoir description applications[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering,1998,1(1):12-17.
[26] Heffer K J,Fox R J,McGill C A,et al.Novel techniques show links between reservoir flow directionality,earth stress,fault structure and geomechanical changes in mature waterfloods[J].SPE Journal,1997,2(2):91-98.
[27] Alejandro A,Lake L W.Inferring interwell connectivity from well-rate fluctuations in waterfloods[C]//Proceedings of SPE/DOE improved oil recovery symposium.Tulsa,Oklahoma:SPE,2002:6-16.
[28] Panda M N,Chopra A K.An integrated approach to estimate well interactions[C]//Proceedings of SPE India oil and gas conference and exhibition.New Delhi,India:SPE,1998:53-66.
[29] Yousef A A,Jensen J,Lake L W.Integrated interpretation of interwell connectivity using injection and production fluctuations[J].Mathematical Geosciences,2009,41(1):81-102.
[30] 张明安.油藏井间动态连通性反演方法研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(3):70-73.[Zhang Ming’an.Study on inversion for reservoir inter-well dynamic connectivity[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2011,18(3):70-73.]
[31] 赵辉,康志江,张允,等.表征井间地层参数及油水动态的连通性计算方法[J].石油学报,2014,35(5):922-927.[Zhao Hui,Kang Zhijiang,Zhang Yun,et al.An interwell connectivity numerical method for geological parameter characterization and oil-water two-phase dynamic prediction[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(5):922-927.]
[32] Jamali A,Ettehadtavakkol A.Application of capacitance resistance models to determining interwell connectivity of large-scale mature oil fields[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,41(1):132-138.
[33] Kaviani D,Soroush M,Jensen J L.How accurate are Capacitance Model connectivity estimates?[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2014,122:439-452.
[34] Wang D G,Li Y,Chen B L,et al.Ensemble-based optimization of interwell connectivity in heterogeneous waterflooding reservoirs[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2017,38:245-256.
[35] Liang X M.A simple model to infer interwell connectivity only from well-rate fluctuations in waterfloods[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2010,70(1/2):35-43.
[36] Yousef A A,Gentil P H,Jensen J L,et al.A capacitance model to infer interwell connectivity from production and injection rate fluctuations[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering,2006,9(6):630-646.
[37] Lake L W,Liang X M,Edgar T F,et al.Optimization of oil production based on a capacitance model of production and injection rates[C]//Proceedings of hydrocarbon economics and evaluation symposium.Dallas,Texas,USA:SPE,2007:504-513.
[38] Weber D,Edgar T F,Lake L W,et al.Improvements in capacitance-resistive modeling and optimization of large scale reservoirs[C]//Proceedings of SPE western regional meeting.San Jose,California:SPE,2009:1-17.
[39] Lee K H,Ortega A,Jafroodi N,et al.A multivariate autoregressive model for characterizing producer-producer relationships in waterfloods from injection/production rate fluctuations[C]//Proceedings of SPE western regional meeting.Anaheim,California,USA:SPE,2010:1-16.
[40] Nguyen A P,Lasdon L,Lake L W,et al.Capacitance resistive model application to optimize waterflood in a west texas field[C]//Proceedings of SPE annual technical conference and exhibition.Denver,Colorado,USA:SPE,2011:1-13.
[41] Soroush M,Jensen J,Kaviani D.Interwell connectivity evaluation in cases of frequent production interruptions[C]//Proceedings of SPE heavy oil conference-Canada.Calgary,Alberta,Canada:SPE,2013:1-21.
[42] 邓英尔,刘树根,麻翠杰.井间连通性的综合分析方法[J].断块油气田,2003,10(5):50-53.[Deng Ying'er,Liu Shugen,Ma Cuijie.Aggregate analysis method of continuity of formation between wells[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2003,10(5):50-53.]
[43] 蔡春芳.油藏流体连通性水化学指纹分析[J].断块油气田,1997,4(2):33-35.[Cai Chunfang.Identification of reservoir fluid continuity by hydrochemitry fingerprinting[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,1997,4(2):33-35.]
[44] 马亭,梅博文,张俊,等.轮南油田三叠系油藏连通性的地球化学研究[J].石油学报,1997,18(4):38-42.[Ma Ting,Mei Bowen,Zhang Jun,et al.A study on reservoir continuity of Triassic reservoirs of Lunna oilfield in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1997,18(4):38-42.]
[45] 文志刚,朱丹,李玉泉,等.应用色谱指纹技术研究孤东油田六区块油层连通性[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(1):82-83.[Wen Zhigang,Zhu Dan,Li Yuquan,et al.Oil layer connectivity in the sixth block of Gudong oilfield,the evidence from gas chromatography fingerprint technique[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(1):82-83.]
[46] Xu Y H,Shen X D,Chen N X,et al.Evaluation of reservoir connectivity using whole-oil gas chromatographic fingerprint technology:a case study from the Es33 reservoir in the Nanpu Sag,China[J].Petroleum Science,2012,9(3):290-294.
[47] Sun P Y,Bao M T,Li G M,et al.Fingerprinting and source identification of an oil spill in China Bohai Sea by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with multi-statistical analyses[J].Journal of Chromatography A,2009,1216(5):830-836.
[48] 罗丽容,李剑锋,吴凯,等.原油色谱指纹技术在长庆油田五里湾一区分层产能监测中的应用[J].延安大学学报(自然科学版),2013,32(1):62-66.[Luo Lirong,Li Jianfeng,Wu Kai,et al.Application of oil chromatographic fingerprint technique in monitoring individual zone production allocation of commingled oil wells in No.1 Wuliwan area of Changqing oilfield[J].Journal of Yanan University (Natural Science Edition),2013,32(1):62-66.]
[49] 罗丽容,李剑锋,吴凯,等.原油气相色谱指纹技术在油层连通性研究中的应用[J].石油化工应用,2013,32(8):5-10.[Luo Lirong,Li Jianfeng,Wu Kai,et al.Application of oil chromatographic fingerprint technique in studying oil layer connectivity[J].Petrochemical Industry Application,2013,32(8):5-10.]
[50] 何文祥,吴胜和,龚厚琼,等.一种定量判别油藏流体连通性的新方法[J].石油学报,2004,25(6):78-82.[He Wenxiang,Wu Shenghe,Gong Houqiong,et al.A new method for quantitative identification of fluid continuity in reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(6):78-82.]
[51] 吴保祥,段毅,郑朝阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中生界油藏连通性特征研究:以定边—安边以南地区为例[J].地球学报,2008,29(5):628-632.[Wu Baoxiang,Duan Yi,Zheng Chaoyang,et al.A study of mesozoic oil reservoir connectivity in the Ordos Basin:A case study of the southern Anbian-Dingbian area[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2008,29(5):628-632.]
[52] 孟祥宏,王多云,李树同,等.马岭—镇北地区延长组长8油组的砂体类型与多层叠置的连续型油藏特征[J].沉积学报,2011,29(6):1206-1212.[Meng Xianghong,Wang Duoyun,Li Shutong,et al.Characteristics and reservoir forming mode of the oil pools of Chang 8 reservoir in Maling-Zhenbei area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(6):1206-1212.]
[53] 王振奇,何贞铭,张昌民,等.三角洲前缘露头储层层次分析:以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘潭家河剖面为例[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(4):32-35.[Wang Zhenqi,He Zhenming,Zhang Changmin,et al.Analysis on reservoir hierarchy of deltaic front outcrops-taking Tanjiahe outcrop in eastern Ordos Basin for example[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2004,26(4):32-35.]
[54] 赵小庆,鲍志东,刘宗飞,等.河控三角洲水下分流河道砂体储集层构型精细分析:以扶余油田探51区块为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(2):181-187.[Zhao Xiaoqing,Bao Zhidong,Liu Zongfei,et al.An in-depth analysis of reservoir architecture of underwater distributary channel sand bodies in a river dominated delta:A case study of T51 block,Fuyu oilfield[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(2):181-187.]
[55] 兰朝利,何顺利,门成全.利用岩心或露头的交错层组厚度预测辫状河河道带宽度:以鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(2):16-18.[Lan Chaoli,He Shunli,Men Chengquan.Prediction of braided channel belt width based on cross-stratum sets thickness measurements of cores or outcrops-taking Sulige gas field,Ordos Basin as an example[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2005,12(2):16-18.]
[56] 张文正,杨华,李剑锋,等.论鄂尔多斯盆地长7段优质油源岩在低渗透油气成藏富集中的主导作用:强生排烃特征及机理分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(3):289-293.[Zhang Wenzheng,Yang Hua,Li Jianfeng,et al.Leading effect of high-class source rock of Chang 7 in Ordos Basin on enrichment of low permeability oil-gas accumulation-hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mechanism[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(3):289-293.]
[57] 孙秀丽,万永刚,刘照伟,等.挥发作用对C5-C8轻烃指标的影响:模拟实验证据[J].石油学报,2013,34(6):1060-1069.[Sun Xiuli,Wan Yonggang,Liu Zhaowei,et al.Effects of natural evaporation on C5-C8light hydrocarbon indicators:Evidence from experimental results in the laboratory[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(6):1060-1069.]