FLUENT仿真计算在丝网印刷作业环己酮弥散分析中的应用
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摘要
[目的]了解丝网印刷作业中多个化学危害源共同作用下的环己酮弥散规律与控制特性。[方法]利用FLUENT软件对丝网印刷作业环境中环己酮的弥散过程进行数值模拟,根据监测结果和计算结果讨论丝网印刷作业环境中毒物浓度的空间分布特点,研究通风口位置、入风口风速、入风口面积、障碍物存在对环己酮弥散的影响。[结果]化学危害物浓度场可视性地揭示出化学危害物在墙壁周围和化学危害源附近容易集聚。基于不同入风口风速、不同入风口截面积、不同送风形式的化学危害物浓度模拟结果显示:(1)入风口风速为0.8 m/s时的车间内化学危害物浓度低于入风口风速为0.2 m/s时,表明入风口风速是化学危害物弥散的重要控制因素之一;(2)入风口截面积增大后,车间内气流组织形式发生变化,直接影响到气流流动速度场的改变,导致化学危害物浓度稀释而使得浓度场发生较大变化,表明入风口截面积大小同样是化学危害物弥散的重要因素之一;(3)不同的送风形式(左侧窗户或右侧窗户送风)形成的气流组织不尽相同,当气流自化学危害源上风向进入时,有利于车间内化学危害物随着气流经印刷机上方排风罩排出。[结论]利用FLUENT仿真计算进行丝网印刷作业过程中环己酮弥散分析,可以可视性地揭示化学危害物在三维空间中的分布形态和集聚规律,有利于职业病危害因素的监测和防范。
[Objective] To understand the diffusion characteristics of airborne cyclohexanone from several pollution sources in the working area of screen-printing process,and then explore the control measures. [Methods] The diffusion characteristics of airborne cyclohexanone from several pollution sources in the working area of screen-printing was simulated by FLUENT software.Based on the monitoring results and the calculation results,the spatial distribution characteristics of airborne cyclohexanone concentration in the working area of screen-printing process were discussed. The effects of installation location of ventilation,inlet wind speed,inlet area and obstacles on the diffusion of cyclohexanone were studied. [Results] The monitoring data visually revealed that concentration of airborne cyclohexanone was higher near both the corners and the sources of pollution. The simulation results,according to different inlet wind speed,inlet areas and/or air supply forms,showed that:(1)while the inlet air velocity was 0.8 m/s,the airborne cyclohexanone in the workshop was lower than that while the inlet air velocity was 0.2 m/s,which indicated inlet air velocity was one of the key factors for the diffusion of airborne cyclohexanone;(2) enlargement of the inlet area would change both the airflow form and velocity in the workshop,resulting in the change of dilution of airborne cyclohexanone concentration,which indicated the inlet area was also one of the key factors for the diffusion of airborne cyclohexanone;(3) the airflow forms varied with different air supply forms,such as from left window or right window,and the airflow coming from the upper wind of the pollution source would benefit the emission of chemical hazards in the workshop along with the air flow through the exhaust hood installed above the screen-printing machine. [Conclusion] Using FLUENT software to simulate the diffusion of airborne cyclohexanone in screen-printing process could visually reveal both distribution and accumulation pattern of chemical hazards in three-dimensional space. It would be conducive to the monitoring and prevention of occupational hazards.
[Objective] To understand the diffusion characteristics of airborne cyclohexanone from several pollution sources in the working area of screen-printing process,and then explore the control measures. [Methods] The diffusion characteristics of airborne cyclohexanone from several pollution sources in the working area of screen-printing was simulated by FLUENT software.Based on the monitoring results and the calculation results,the spatial distribution characteristics of airborne cyclohexanone concentration in the working area of screen-printing process were discussed. The effects of installation location of ventilation,inlet wind speed,inlet area and obstacles on the diffusion of cyclohexanone were studied. [Results] The monitoring data visually revealed that concentration of airborne cyclohexanone was higher near both the corners and the sources of pollution. The simulation results,according to different inlet wind speed,inlet areas and/or air supply forms,showed that:(1)while the inlet air velocity was 0.8 m/s,the airborne cyclohexanone in the workshop was lower than that while the inlet air velocity was 0.2 m/s,which indicated inlet air velocity was one of the key factors for the diffusion of airborne cyclohexanone;(2) enlargement of the inlet area would change both the airflow form and velocity in the workshop,resulting in the change of dilution of airborne cyclohexanone concentration,which indicated the inlet area was also one of the key factors for the diffusion of airborne cyclohexanone;(3) the airflow forms varied with different air supply forms,such as from left window or right window,and the airflow coming from the upper wind of the pollution source would benefit the emission of chemical hazards in the workshop along with the air flow through the exhaust hood installed above the screen-printing machine. [Conclusion] Using FLUENT software to simulate the diffusion of airborne cyclohexanone in screen-printing process could visually reveal both distribution and accumulation pattern of chemical hazards in three-dimensional space. It would be conducive to the monitoring and prevention of occupational hazards.
引文
[1]何艳丽.空间结构风工程[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2012.
[2]宋鹏云,焦凤,朱孝钦,等.过程流体力学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2016.
[3]朱红均,林元华,谢龙汉. FLUENT流体分析及仿真使用教程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2010.
[4]张师帅.计算流体力学及其应用——CFD软件的原理与应用[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2011.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范:GBZ 159-2004[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[6]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所空气有毒物质测定脂环酮和芳香酮类化合物:GBZ/T 160.56-2004[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004.
[7]刘波.多污染源共同作用对工业建筑室内污染物浓度分布的影响[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2015.
[8]孙斌,韩克,蒋能飞.污染源位置对气体污染物影响的数值模拟[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(2):114-117.
[2]宋鹏云,焦凤,朱孝钦,等.过程流体力学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2016.
[3]朱红均,林元华,谢龙汉. FLUENT流体分析及仿真使用教程[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2010.
[4]张师帅.计算流体力学及其应用——CFD软件的原理与应用[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2011.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范:GBZ 159-2004[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[6]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所空气有毒物质测定脂环酮和芳香酮类化合物:GBZ/T 160.56-2004[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004.
[7]刘波.多污染源共同作用对工业建筑室内污染物浓度分布的影响[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2015.
[8]孙斌,韩克,蒋能飞.污染源位置对气体污染物影响的数值模拟[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(2):114-117.