中国林业产业在全球价值链中的位置测度及分析
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摘要
文中利用世界投入产出数据库(WIOD)2016年更新数据中2000—2014年44个经济体、56个行业的投入产出增加值数据,采用绝对集中度、相对集中度、进口渗透率、国际外包率和与最终消费者距离5项指标,对全球林业产业的投入产出增加值结构、林业产业相对地位以及中国林业产业在全球价值链中的位置进行了多视角的测度分析。研究结果表明:全球林业增加值结构总体呈现低寡占Ⅱ型,林业的经济功能逐步趋于弱化;中国林业增加值主要由中低技术行业创造,且进口渗透率和国际外包率相比其他林业大国处于较低水平;中国林业增加值总产出主要被用作中间品投入,与最终消费者距离较远。因此,中国林业产业在全球价值链中处于中上游位置,应加快林业产业转型升级,合理运用国际和国内资源,多渠道发挥林业的经济功能,以提高中国林业产业在全球价值链中的分工地位。
Based on 2016 World input-output database(WIOD) which contains 56 industries of 44 economies from the year 2000 to 2014, the paper made a multi-angle measurement and analysis on the input-output value-added structures, the relative status of global forestry industries and China's position in Forestry global value chains(GVCs) by using absolute concentration, relative concentration, import penetration, international outsourcing rate and the distance to final consumers.The findings included:(1) the global value added structure of forestry industry showed type Ⅱ of low oligopoly, and the economic function of forestry has been gradually weakened;(2) forestry value addition in China was mainly contributed by mid-low tech forestry industries, and its import penetration rate and international outsourcing rate were lower than other forestry powers;(3) the total output of value addition of forestry industry in China was used mainly for intermediate input and had far distance to final consumers.Therefore, the forestry industry in China is in the middle-to-upper part of GVCs and implies a lower position along the value chain of global forestry industry.It is quite necessary to speed up transformation and upgrading of China's forestry industry, make full use of national and international resources, give full play to the economic function of forestry and then improve the position of China in the GVCs of forestry industry.
Based on 2016 World input-output database(WIOD) which contains 56 industries of 44 economies from the year 2000 to 2014, the paper made a multi-angle measurement and analysis on the input-output value-added structures, the relative status of global forestry industries and China's position in Forestry global value chains(GVCs) by using absolute concentration, relative concentration, import penetration, international outsourcing rate and the distance to final consumers.The findings included:(1) the global value added structure of forestry industry showed type Ⅱ of low oligopoly, and the economic function of forestry has been gradually weakened;(2) forestry value addition in China was mainly contributed by mid-low tech forestry industries, and its import penetration rate and international outsourcing rate were lower than other forestry powers;(3) the total output of value addition of forestry industry in China was used mainly for intermediate input and had far distance to final consumers.Therefore, the forestry industry in China is in the middle-to-upper part of GVCs and implies a lower position along the value chain of global forestry industry.It is quite necessary to speed up transformation and upgrading of China's forestry industry, make full use of national and international resources, give full play to the economic function of forestry and then improve the position of China in the GVCs of forestry industry.
引文
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[3]程宝栋,秦光远,宋维明.“一带一路”战略背景下中国林产品贸易发展与转型[J].国际贸易,2015(3):22-25.
[4]马风涛.中国制造业全球价值链长度和上游度的测算及其影响因素分析:基于世界投入产出表的研究[J].世界经济研究,2015(8):3-10,127.
[5]王飞,郭孟珂.我国纺织服装业在全球价值链中的地位[J].国际贸易问题,2014(12):14-24.
[6]赖伟娟,钟姿华.中国与欧、美、日制造业全球价值链分工地位的比较研究[J].世界经济研究,2017(1):125-134,137.
[7]尹伟华.全球价值链视角下中国制造业出口贸易分解分析:基于最新的WIOD数据[J].经济学家,2017(8):33-39.
[8]何树全.中国服务业在全球价值链中的地位分析[J].国际商务研究,2018,39(5):29-38.
[9]占丽,戴翔,张为付.产业上游度、出口品质与全球价值链攀升:中美“悖论”的经验证据及启示[J].财经科学,2018(9):63-73.
[10]MARLIES H S,NICOLE P.Restructuring of the international clothing and textile trade network: the role of Italy and Portugal [J].Journal of Economic Structures, 2016, 5(1):3-11.