油页岩灰渣制备高聚PACS及其净水效果的研究
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摘要
在800℃下用酸溶-微湿空气法从抚顺油页岩灰中提取γ-Al_2O_3。经铝酸钙、硫酸钠聚合,制得高聚PACS絮凝剂。结果表明,聚合的最佳条件为:铝酸钙投加量18 g,聚合时间12 h,盐酸投加量20%。当PACS投加量为40 mg/L、盐基度为65%、原水pH值7.5、SO_4~(2-)/Al~(3+)摩尔比15%时,净水效果达到最佳,符合水处理剂聚合氯化铝国家标准(GB/T 22627—2014)的要求。实验制备的PACS的净水效果优于市售PAC。
γ-Al_2O_3 was extracted from Fushun shale oil ash by acid solution method at 800 ℃.High poly PACS flocculant was prepared by polymerization of calcium aluminate and sodium sulfate.The result showed that the optimal condition as follows:the dosage of calcium aluminate and hydrochloric acid was 18 g and 20% respectively,the polymerization time was 12 h.When the dosage of PACS is 40 mg/L,the degree of salt is 65%,the pH value of raw water is 7.5 and molar ratio of SO_4~(2-)/Al~(3+) is 15%,which meets the requirement of the national standard of aluminum chloride(GB/T 22627—2014).The water purification effect of the experimental PAC is better than the commercial PACS.
γ-Al_2O_3 was extracted from Fushun shale oil ash by acid solution method at 800 ℃.High poly PACS flocculant was prepared by polymerization of calcium aluminate and sodium sulfate.The result showed that the optimal condition as follows:the dosage of calcium aluminate and hydrochloric acid was 18 g and 20% respectively,the polymerization time was 12 h.When the dosage of PACS is 40 mg/L,the degree of salt is 65%,the pH value of raw water is 7.5 and molar ratio of SO_4~(2-)/Al~(3+) is 15%,which meets the requirement of the national standard of aluminum chloride(GB/T 22627—2014).The water purification effect of the experimental PAC is better than the commercial PACS.
引文
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[17] 蒋绍阶,蒋世龙,李霖霖,等.过硫酸钾-偶氮复合引发体系合成杂化高分子絮凝剂PACS-PAM 及其表征[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(5):2207-2213.
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[19] 周昊,罗迪.聚合氯化铝(PAC)生产工艺的实验研究[J].凯里学院学报,2011,2(3):52-56.
[20] 史兵方,吴启琳,刘细祥.聚合氯化铝的制备及其污水处理性能研究[J].化学研究与应用,2014,26(6):951-953.
[2] 曹成龙,潘一,王斅,等.油页岩灰渣综合利用技术研究进展[J].能源化工,2015,36(2):39-42.
[3] Zhang L,Zhang X,Li S,et al.Comprehnsive utilization of oil shale and prospect[J].Energy Procedia,2012,17:39-43.
[4] 李宇航,张宏,张军华.油页岩勘探开发现状及进展[J].CT理论与应用研究,2014,23(6):1051-1063.
[5] Wang S,Jiang X,Han X,et al.Effect of retorting temperature on produce yield and characteristics of non-condensable gases and shale oil ohained by retorting Huadian oil shales[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2014,121(1):9-15.
[6] 谭丽泉,胡相红,余梅,等.油页岩灰渣的应用研究进展[J].化学工程师,2016(10):45-48.
[7] Jiang X M,Han X X,Cui Z G.New technology for the comprehensive untilization of Chinese oil shale resources[J].Energy,2007,32:772-777.
[8] 杨瑞.抚顺油页岩热解及其产物特性研究[D].西安:西北大学,2016:20-23.
[9] Yang Z,Yuan B,Li H,et al.Amphoteric starch-based flocculants can flocculate different contaminants with even opposite surface charges from water through molecular structure control[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2014,455:28-35.
[10] 张翔,段建榜,李瑞歌,等.炼钙还原渣和煤矸石制备聚合氯化铝的研究[J].无机盐工业,2016,48(4):66-68.
[11] Liu Yongjun,Liu Zhe,Wang Fukun,et al.Regulation of aerobic granular sludge reformulation after granular sludge broken:Effect of poly aluminum chloride (PAC)[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,158:201-208.
[12] Rowsell J,Nazar L F.Speciation and thermal transformation in alumina sols:structures of the polyhydr-oxyoxoaluminum cluster[Al30 O8(OH)56(H2O)26]18+ and its δ-Keggin moieté[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2000,122(15):3777-3778.
[13] Allouche L,Gérardin C,Loiseau T,et al.Al30:A giant aluminum polycation[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2000,39(3):511-514.
[14] 吴珍,张盼月,李继定,等.高聚聚硫氯化铝混凝去除水中腐殖酸[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(5):2091-2094.
[15] 周建敏,余梅,谭丽泉,等.油页岩灰渣制备聚氯化铝的工艺研究[J].工业水处理,2016,36(1):25-27.
[16] 张翔,陈淼,段建榜,等.煤矸石-铝酸钙制备聚合氯化铝的研究[J].广西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2015,33(1):109-114.
[17] 蒋绍阶,蒋世龙,李霖霖,等.过硫酸钾-偶氮复合引发体系合成杂化高分子絮凝剂PACS-PAM 及其表征[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(5):2207-2213.
[18] Zhao Y X,Gao B Y,Wang Y,et al.Coagulation performance and floc characteristics with polyaluminum chloride using sodium alginate as coagulantaid:A preliminary assessment[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,183(15):387-394.
[19] 周昊,罗迪.聚合氯化铝(PAC)生产工艺的实验研究[J].凯里学院学报,2011,2(3):52-56.
[20] 史兵方,吴启琳,刘细祥.聚合氯化铝的制备及其污水处理性能研究[J].化学研究与应用,2014,26(6):951-953.