饥饿循环处理对黄河鲤新品系幼鱼补偿生长性能的影响
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摘要
为探究黄河鲤新品系幼鱼在饥饿-饱食循环状态下的生长补偿特点,选用初始均质量(23.44±3.21)g的黄河鲤幼鱼360尾,随机分成4个实验组,每个实验组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,分别按处理组A组:饥饿5 d(S5)饱食20 d(F20);B组:S7-F28;C组:S15-F60;对照组Con:F75的投喂方案饲养,养殖实验为75 d。研究表明:(1)经过不同时长的饥饿,在恢复饱食投喂阶段,A组的特定生长率(SGR)为1.70%,显著高于B组的1.08%、C组的0.87%以及对照组Con的0.60%;(2)在饥饿阶段,3个处理组A、B、C的体长特定生长率(SGR_L)显著低于对照组Con;当恢复投喂后,A组、B组的SGR_L则显著高于C组和对照组Con;(3)在饥饿阶段,A组的肥满度特定生长率(SGR_K)显著低于B组、C组和对照组Con,但在恢复投喂阶段,却显著高于B组、C组和对照组Con。(4)处理组A节省饲料率为8.7%,较另外两个处理组高。由试验结果可以看出,饥饿5 d饱食20 d循环3次的投喂方式能激发幼鱼产生部分补偿生长效应,且饲料投喂量最少。
In order to explore characteristics of compensatory growth of juvenile Cyprinus carpio haematopterus new strain in cycle of starvation-feeding,we chose 360 juveniles with the initial mean weight of( 23. 44 ± 3.21) g,and divided them into 4 groups randomly,each group was set to 3 repeats containing 30 individuals.Fish were fed in four feeding schedules as follows: Starvation A: 5 days starvation( S)-20 days feeding( F)-5 S-20 F-5 S-20 F; Starvation B: 7 S-28 F-7 S-33 F; Starvation C: 15 S-60 F; Control group Con: 75 F.The experiment lasted 75 days. The results show that:( 1) In the recovery of satiation period after starvation,the specific growth rate( SGR) of the A group was 1. 70%,significantly higher than that of the group B of 1.08%,group C of 0. 87% and Con of 0. 60%;( 2) During the starvation period,the specific growth rate of body length( SGR_L) of three treatment groups was significantly lower than that of the Con,but significantly higher than Con after refeeding.( 3) At the starvation period,the specific growth rate of condition factor K( SGR_K) of group A was significantly lower than those in the group B,C and Con,but significantly higher after the satiation period.( 4) the feed rate of A in the treatment group was 8. 7%,higher than the other two groups. Based on the SGR as the main evaluation index,the results indicated that the way 5 days starvation( S)-20 days feeding( F) can arouse juvenile Cyprinus carpio new strain to have partially compensatory growth effect and save 8. 7% of the feed consumption.
In order to explore characteristics of compensatory growth of juvenile Cyprinus carpio haematopterus new strain in cycle of starvation-feeding,we chose 360 juveniles with the initial mean weight of( 23. 44 ± 3.21) g,and divided them into 4 groups randomly,each group was set to 3 repeats containing 30 individuals.Fish were fed in four feeding schedules as follows: Starvation A: 5 days starvation( S)-20 days feeding( F)-5 S-20 F-5 S-20 F; Starvation B: 7 S-28 F-7 S-33 F; Starvation C: 15 S-60 F; Control group Con: 75 F.The experiment lasted 75 days. The results show that:( 1) In the recovery of satiation period after starvation,the specific growth rate( SGR) of the A group was 1. 70%,significantly higher than that of the group B of 1.08%,group C of 0. 87% and Con of 0. 60%;( 2) During the starvation period,the specific growth rate of body length( SGR_L) of three treatment groups was significantly lower than that of the Con,but significantly higher than Con after refeeding.( 3) At the starvation period,the specific growth rate of condition factor K( SGR_K) of group A was significantly lower than those in the group B,C and Con,but significantly higher after the satiation period.( 4) the feed rate of A in the treatment group was 8. 7%,higher than the other two groups. Based on the SGR as the main evaluation index,the results indicated that the way 5 days starvation( S)-20 days feeding( F) can arouse juvenile Cyprinus carpio new strain to have partially compensatory growth effect and save 8. 7% of the feed consumption.
引文
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[11]王腾飞,郭晓鸽,谷江稳,等.饥饿及过量投喂下银鲳幼鱼形态学指标及体成分变化[J].海洋学研究,2015,33(4):83-89.WANG T F,GUO X G,GU J W,et al.Research on morphological indexes and body composition change under starvation and excessive feeding situation for juvenile Pampus argenteus[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2015,33(4):83-89.
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[13]李建,王琨,陈建春,等.不同循环饥饿投喂模式对尼罗罗非鱼补偿生长的影响[J].水产学报,2014,38(6):869-876.LI J,WANG K,CHEN J C,et al.Effect of different cyclic starvation and refeeding regimes on the compensatory growth of Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(6):869-876.
[14]BAVCEVI C'L,KLANJSCEK T,KARAMARKO V,et al.Compensatory growth in gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata)compensates weight,but not length[J].Aquaculture,2010,301(1/4):57-63.
[15]WANG Y,CUI Y B,YANG Y X,et al.Compensatory growth in hybrid tilapia,Oreochromis mossambicus×O.niloticus,reared in seawater[J].Aquaculture,2000,189(1/2):101-108.
[16]BARRETO R E,MOREIRA P S A,CARVALHO R F.Sexspecific compensatory growth in food-deprived Nile tilapia[J].Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research,2003,36(4):477-483.
[17]MONTSERRAT N,GABILLARD J C,CAPILLA E,et al.Role of insulin,insulin-like growth factors,and muscle regulatory factors in the compensatory growth of the trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2007,150(3):462-472.
[18]PERES H,SANTOS S,OLIVA-TELES A.Lack of compensatory growth response in gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)juveniles following starvation and subsequent refeeding[J].Aquaculture,2011,318(3/4):384-388.
[19]ZHU X M,XIE S Q,LEI W,et al.Compensatory growth in the Chinese longsnout catfish,Leiocassis longirostris following feed deprivation:Temporal patterns in growth,nutrient deposition,feed intake and body composition[J].Aquaculture,2005,248(1/4):307-314.
[20]孙平,李亚珂.补偿生长研究进展[J].科技创新导报,2008(9):48.SUN P,LI Y K.Advances in compensatory growth research[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2008(9):48.
[21]MOHANTA K N,RATH S C,NAYAK K C,et al.Effect of restricted feeding and refeeding on compensatory growth,nutrient utilization and gain,production performance and whole body composition of carp cultured in earthen pond[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2017,23(3):460-469.
[22]NIKKI J,PIRHONEN J,JOBLING M,et al.Compensatory growth in juvenile rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss(Walbaum),held individually[J].Aquaculture,2004,235(1/4):285-296.
[23]ZHU X M,XIE S Q,ZOU Z J,et al.Compensatory growth and food consumption in gibel carp,Carassius auratus gibelio,and Chinese longsnout catfish,Leiocassis longirostris,experiencing cycles of feed deprivation and refeeding[J].Aquaculture,2004,241(1/4):235-247.
[24]KIM M K,LOVELL R T.Effect of restricted feeding regimens on compensatory weight gain and body tissue changes in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in ponds[J].Aquaculture,1995,135(4):285-293.
[25]HEIDE A,FOSS A,STEFANSSON S O,et al.Compensatory growth and fillet crude composition in juvenile Atlantic halibut:Effects of short term starvation periods and subsequent feeding[J].Aquaculture,2006,261(1):109-117.
[26]GAYLORD I G,GATLIN D MⅢ.Assessment of compensatory growth in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus R.and associated changes in body condition indices[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2000,31(3):326-336.
[27]黄国强,李洁,唐夏,等.水生动物补偿生长现象及机制研究进展[J].广西科学院学报,2015,31(1):1-8.HUANG G Q,LI J,TANG X,et al.Research advance of compensatory growth in aquatic animals[J].Journal of Guangxi Academy of Sciences,2015,31(1):1-8.
[2]吴立新,董双林.水产动物继饥饿或营养不足后的补偿生长研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(6):943-946.WU L X,DONG S L.Advance in studies on compensatory growth of aquatic animals after starvation or undernutrition[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2000,11(6):943-946.
[3]ALI M,NICIEZA A,WOOTTON R J.Compensatory growth in fishes:a response to growth depression[J].Fish and Fisheries,2003,4(2):147-190.
[4]崔德汶,任有蛇,张春香.限制饲喂与补偿生长在羊生产中利用的研究进展[J].中国草食动物科学,2014,34(4):63-65,75.CUI D W,REN Y S,ZHANG C X.Progress in application of feed restriction and compensatory growth in the sheep production[J].China Herbivore Science,2014,34(4):63-65,75.
[5]许雪萍.早期和后期限饲对肉鸡胸肌生长的影响及其机制研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2007.XU X P.Effects of early and later feed restriction on the pectoralis major growth and its underlying mechanisms in broiler chickens[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2007.
[6]TURANO M J,BORSKI R J,DANIELS H V.Effects of cyclic feeding on compensatory growth of hybrid striped bass(Morone chrysops×M.saxitilis)foodfish and water quality in production ponds[J].Aquaculture Research,2008,39(14):1514-1523.
[7]VELAZQUEZ M,ZAMORA S,MARTINEZ F J.Influence of environmental conditions on demand-feeding behaviour of gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)[J].Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2004,20(6):536-541.
[8]盘文静.不同饥饿方式对鱼类补偿生长影响的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(29):10162-10164.PAN W J.Research progress about effects of different food restriction methods on fish compensatory growth[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2014,42(29):10162-10164.
[9]MONTSERRAT N,GOMEZ-REQUENI P,BELLINI G,et al.Distinct role of insulin and IGF-I and its receptors in white skeletal muscle during the compensatory growth of gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata)[J].Aquaculture,2007,267(1/4):188-198.
[10]BYAMUNGU N,DARRAS V M,KUHN E R,et al.Growth of heat-shock induced triploids of blue tilapia,Oreochromis aureus,reared in tanks and in ponds in Eastern Congo:feeding regimes and compensatory growth response of triploid females[J].Aquaculture,2001,198(1/2):109-122.
[11]王腾飞,郭晓鸽,谷江稳,等.饥饿及过量投喂下银鲳幼鱼形态学指标及体成分变化[J].海洋学研究,2015,33(4):83-89.WANG T F,GUO X G,GU J W,et al.Research on morphological indexes and body composition change under starvation and excessive feeding situation for juvenile Pampus argenteus[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2015,33(4):83-89.
[12]谢小军,邓利,张波.饥饿对鱼类生理生态学影响的研究进展[J].水生生物学报,1998,22(2):181-188.XIE X J,DENG L,ZHANG B.Advances and studies on ecophysiological effects of starvation on fish[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1998,22(2):181-188.
[13]李建,王琨,陈建春,等.不同循环饥饿投喂模式对尼罗罗非鱼补偿生长的影响[J].水产学报,2014,38(6):869-876.LI J,WANG K,CHEN J C,et al.Effect of different cyclic starvation and refeeding regimes on the compensatory growth of Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(6):869-876.
[14]BAVCEVI C'L,KLANJSCEK T,KARAMARKO V,et al.Compensatory growth in gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata)compensates weight,but not length[J].Aquaculture,2010,301(1/4):57-63.
[15]WANG Y,CUI Y B,YANG Y X,et al.Compensatory growth in hybrid tilapia,Oreochromis mossambicus×O.niloticus,reared in seawater[J].Aquaculture,2000,189(1/2):101-108.
[16]BARRETO R E,MOREIRA P S A,CARVALHO R F.Sexspecific compensatory growth in food-deprived Nile tilapia[J].Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research,2003,36(4):477-483.
[17]MONTSERRAT N,GABILLARD J C,CAPILLA E,et al.Role of insulin,insulin-like growth factors,and muscle regulatory factors in the compensatory growth of the trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2007,150(3):462-472.
[18]PERES H,SANTOS S,OLIVA-TELES A.Lack of compensatory growth response in gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)juveniles following starvation and subsequent refeeding[J].Aquaculture,2011,318(3/4):384-388.
[19]ZHU X M,XIE S Q,LEI W,et al.Compensatory growth in the Chinese longsnout catfish,Leiocassis longirostris following feed deprivation:Temporal patterns in growth,nutrient deposition,feed intake and body composition[J].Aquaculture,2005,248(1/4):307-314.
[20]孙平,李亚珂.补偿生长研究进展[J].科技创新导报,2008(9):48.SUN P,LI Y K.Advances in compensatory growth research[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2008(9):48.
[21]MOHANTA K N,RATH S C,NAYAK K C,et al.Effect of restricted feeding and refeeding on compensatory growth,nutrient utilization and gain,production performance and whole body composition of carp cultured in earthen pond[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2017,23(3):460-469.
[22]NIKKI J,PIRHONEN J,JOBLING M,et al.Compensatory growth in juvenile rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss(Walbaum),held individually[J].Aquaculture,2004,235(1/4):285-296.
[23]ZHU X M,XIE S Q,ZOU Z J,et al.Compensatory growth and food consumption in gibel carp,Carassius auratus gibelio,and Chinese longsnout catfish,Leiocassis longirostris,experiencing cycles of feed deprivation and refeeding[J].Aquaculture,2004,241(1/4):235-247.
[24]KIM M K,LOVELL R T.Effect of restricted feeding regimens on compensatory weight gain and body tissue changes in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in ponds[J].Aquaculture,1995,135(4):285-293.
[25]HEIDE A,FOSS A,STEFANSSON S O,et al.Compensatory growth and fillet crude composition in juvenile Atlantic halibut:Effects of short term starvation periods and subsequent feeding[J].Aquaculture,2006,261(1):109-117.
[26]GAYLORD I G,GATLIN D MⅢ.Assessment of compensatory growth in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus R.and associated changes in body condition indices[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2000,31(3):326-336.
[27]黄国强,李洁,唐夏,等.水生动物补偿生长现象及机制研究进展[J].广西科学院学报,2015,31(1):1-8.HUANG G Q,LI J,TANG X,et al.Research advance of compensatory growth in aquatic animals[J].Journal of Guangxi Academy of Sciences,2015,31(1):1-8.