论文学伦理学的实践形态及路径
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摘要
文学伦理学要成为完善、成熟的文学理论,还有许多工作要做,这些工作既包括现实意义上的实践和应用,也包括理论意义上的话语建构。在创作实绩方面,文学伦理学需要有体现当下伦理学精神的文学创作、中国文学史、理论影响下的创作实践等三方面的支持。只有在充分的伦理文学创作实践的基础上,才能有充分的对伦理文学的"创作谈",才能有伦理文学批评。在文学理论体系的建构方面,需要在清理中外典型的伦理题材文学作品和中外文论有关文学伦理的思想观念基础上,进行文学伦理学体系的学术建构,确定框架和范围以及主要内容,进一步实现话语的建构。在理论应用方面,作为一种深层次的实践形态,把文学伦理学应用到文学研究和文学史叙述之中,将深刻而长远地影响文学创作。文学伦理学要成为成熟的文学理论,必须要有广泛的实践应用,应用于文学史书写和文学研究,这不仅是理论建设的需要,在根本上也是寻求文学研究和文学书写的突破与发展。
There is still much work to be done in both practical and theoretical aspects before literary ethical criticism become a complete and mature literary theory.In the aspect of creation,literary ethical criticism needs to be supported by three factors:existing literary creations,history of Chinese literature,and creation under the influence of the theory.Only on the basis of sufficient ethical literary writing practice can there be thorough discussions on creation of ethical literature and literary ethical criticisms.In the aspect of literary theoretic system construction,there should be generalizing and arranging on works of typical ethical theme,as well as thoughts and opinions on the literature ethics among literary theories in China and abroad so as to construct the academic system of literary ethical theory,confirm the scope of the framework as well as the main content,and thus fulfill the goal of theoretical discourse construction.In the aspect of application of theory,applying this theory into literary studies and the narration of literary history will have profound impact on literary creation in long-term.Applying this theory into literary studies and the narration of literary history is not only the need of theory construction but also the fundamental way to seek breakthroughs and developments of literature study and literature writing.
There is still much work to be done in both practical and theoretical aspects before literary ethical criticism become a complete and mature literary theory.In the aspect of creation,literary ethical criticism needs to be supported by three factors:existing literary creations,history of Chinese literature,and creation under the influence of the theory.Only on the basis of sufficient ethical literary writing practice can there be thorough discussions on creation of ethical literature and literary ethical criticisms.In the aspect of literary theoretic system construction,there should be generalizing and arranging on works of typical ethical theme,as well as thoughts and opinions on the literature ethics among literary theories in China and abroad so as to construct the academic system of literary ethical theory,confirm the scope of the framework as well as the main content,and thus fulfill the goal of theoretical discourse construction.In the aspect of application of theory,applying this theory into literary studies and the narration of literary history will have profound impact on literary creation in long-term.Applying this theory into literary studies and the narration of literary history is not only the need of theory construction but also the fundamental way to seek breakthroughs and developments of literature study and literature writing.
引文
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[2] 杜隽.乔治·艾略特小说的伦理批评[M].上海:学林出版社,2006.
[3] 修树新.托妮·莫里森小说的文学伦理学批评[M].长春:东北师范大学出版社,2012.
[4] 杨革新.美国伦理批评研究[M].武汉:华中师范大学出版社,2016.
[5] 王晓兰.英国儿童小说的伦理价值研究[M].武汉:华中师范大学出版社,2017.
[6] 聂珍钊.文学伦理学批评:文学批评方法新探索[J].外国文学研究,2004(5):16-24.
[7] 聂珍钊.文学伦理学批评:基本理论与术语[J].外国文学研究,2010(1)12-22.
[8] 聂珍钊.文学伦理学批评:论文学的基本功能与核心价值[J].外国文学研究,2014(4):8-13.
[9] 刘建军.文学伦理批评的当下性质[J].外国文学研究,2005(1):21-23.
[10] 张剑.父权秩序与女性情感的冲突:《更生记》的文学伦理学解读[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2017(4):147-154.
[11] 袁小明.中产阶级家庭伦理构建——路易斯·厄德里克小说研究[J].外国语文,2018(6):53-58.
[12] 李正栓,马洋洋.约翰·邓恩神学诗歌伦理思想研究[J].外国语文,2018(5):38-43.
[13] 邓寒梅.20世纪末中国小说精神病叙事的伦理诉求[J].西南大学学报(社会科学版),2011(4):186-189.
[14] 叶华,朱新福.论生态批评伦理诉求的逻辑演变与出路[J].外国语文,2016(5):8-12.
[15] 孔颖达.毛诗正义[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1990:14.
[16] 高玉.《雷雨》的伦理学解读[J].中国现代文学论丛,2008(2):105-114.
[17] 陈独秀.吾人最后之觉悟[M]//陈独秀著作选编:第1卷.上海:上海人民出版社,2009:204.
[18] 章培恒,骆玉明.中国文学史新著[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,上海人民出版社,2007.