基于有限元仿真的指尖密封准动态性能分析方法
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摘要
指尖密封性能的量化表达和计算效率一直是设计人员关心的问题。针对指尖密封的工作特点,对其泄漏机理和磨损特性进行了分析。基于有限元分析构建了指尖密封性能量化表达的准动态性能模型,解决了理论设计中磨损和泄漏特性难以计算和计算工作量较大的问题。采用该方法的研究结果表明环境温度升高到300℃时,泄漏率较之27oC条件下降低了65%,磨损率升高了约4%;指尖片厚度从0.1mm增加到0.5mm时,泄漏率降低了70%,磨损率升高了28%;同时指尖曲梁个数、转子转速和压差对指尖密封性能同样具有重要影响。分析初步表明,提出的计算方法能够较好地反映指尖密封实际动态特性,为指尖密封性能设计提供了快捷高效计算方法。
Quantitative expression and calculation efficiency of finger seal performance are always the concern problems for designers. The Leakage mechanism and wear characteristics are analyzed in this work based on the working characteristics of finger seal. Then,the quasi-dynamic computation model of wear and leakage for finger seal system is built by using finite element analysis method. The problems that quantitative expression and calculation efficiency of the wear and leakage performances are usually hardly calculated or need huge calculation in theoretical design are completely solved by using this quasi-dynamic computation model. The research results based on the provided method show that the leakage in 300℃ is even 65% smaller than the leakage in the27℃,and the rate of wear rises 4%. When the thickness of finger element rises from 0.1mm to 0.5mm,the leakage reduces 70%,and the rate of wear rises 28%. At the same time,the study results show that the finger seal performances are also obviously affected by the number of finger stem,the rotor speed and pressure difference between high pressure chamber and low pressure chamber. The study results indicate preliminarily that the real dynamic performances of finger seal can be well reflected by the proposed calculated method. Therefore,the proposed method provides an efficient method for performances design as well as a theoretical reference in dynamical design to finger seal.
Quantitative expression and calculation efficiency of finger seal performance are always the concern problems for designers. The Leakage mechanism and wear characteristics are analyzed in this work based on the working characteristics of finger seal. Then,the quasi-dynamic computation model of wear and leakage for finger seal system is built by using finite element analysis method. The problems that quantitative expression and calculation efficiency of the wear and leakage performances are usually hardly calculated or need huge calculation in theoretical design are completely solved by using this quasi-dynamic computation model. The research results based on the provided method show that the leakage in 300℃ is even 65% smaller than the leakage in the27℃,and the rate of wear rises 4%. When the thickness of finger element rises from 0.1mm to 0.5mm,the leakage reduces 70%,and the rate of wear rises 28%. At the same time,the study results show that the finger seal performances are also obviously affected by the number of finger stem,the rotor speed and pressure difference between high pressure chamber and low pressure chamber. The study results indicate preliminarily that the real dynamic performances of finger seal can be well reflected by the proposed calculated method. Therefore,the proposed method provides an efficient method for performances design as well as a theoretical reference in dynamical design to finger seal.
引文
[1]陈光.航空发动机结构设计分析[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[2]童飞,张丽,华锐睿,等.齿间凸起对直通篦齿封严特性影响的数值研究[J].推进技术,2015,36(1):119-123.(TONG Fei,ZHANG Li,HUA Ruirui,et al.Numerical Investigation of Protrusions on Leakage of Straight-Through Labyrinth Seal[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2015,36(1):119-123.)
[3]Margaret P Proctor,Irebert R Delgado.Leakage and Power Loss Test Results for Competing Turbine Engine Seals[R].NASA TM-2004-213049.
[4]李钰洁,刘永葆,贺星.基于气动性能优化的涡轮叶顶新型密封构型研究[J].推进技术,2015,36(5):696-702.(LI Yu-jie,LIU Yong-bao,HE Xing.Optimization Research on a Novel Turbine Blade Tip Seal Configuration Based on Aerodynamic Performance[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2015,36(5):696-702.)
[5]戴伟,王炜哲,刘应征,等.径向间隙对刷式密封泄漏特性影响的数值分析[J].动力工程学报,2011,31(7):507-512.
[6]Margaret P Proctor,Irebert R Delgado.Preliminary Test Results of a Non-Contacting Finger Seal on a Herringbone-Grooved Rotor[R].AIAA 2008-4506.
[7]李二圣,陈国定.一种低迟滞低磨损的指尖密封型线构形的研究[J].航空动力学报,2008,23(4):759-764.
[8]张延超,陈国定,杨美玲.指尖密封结构参数与泄漏和磨损性能的灰关联分析[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(18):2147-2151.
[9]苏华,陈国定.单元组合型指尖密封的综合性能研究[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(4):379-381.
[10]陈国定,徐华,虞烈,等.指尖密封的迟滞特性分[J].机械工程学报,2003,39(5):121.
[11]陈国定,苏华,张永红.指尖密封轴向布局的变尺度结构研究[J].航空动力学报,2003,18(4):488-491.
[12]Arora G K.Pressure Balanced,Low Hysteresis,Finger Seal Test Results[R].AIAA 99-2686.
[13]顾永泉.流体动密封(下)[M].北京:中国石化出版社,1992.
[14]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[15]克拉盖尔斯基H B,陀贝钦M H,康巴洛夫B C.摩擦磨损计算原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982.
[16]张延超,刘凯,周连杰,等.基于系统响应特征的指尖密封泄漏特性分析[J].航空动力学报,2013,28(1):205-210.
[2]童飞,张丽,华锐睿,等.齿间凸起对直通篦齿封严特性影响的数值研究[J].推进技术,2015,36(1):119-123.(TONG Fei,ZHANG Li,HUA Ruirui,et al.Numerical Investigation of Protrusions on Leakage of Straight-Through Labyrinth Seal[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2015,36(1):119-123.)
[3]Margaret P Proctor,Irebert R Delgado.Leakage and Power Loss Test Results for Competing Turbine Engine Seals[R].NASA TM-2004-213049.
[4]李钰洁,刘永葆,贺星.基于气动性能优化的涡轮叶顶新型密封构型研究[J].推进技术,2015,36(5):696-702.(LI Yu-jie,LIU Yong-bao,HE Xing.Optimization Research on a Novel Turbine Blade Tip Seal Configuration Based on Aerodynamic Performance[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2015,36(5):696-702.)
[5]戴伟,王炜哲,刘应征,等.径向间隙对刷式密封泄漏特性影响的数值分析[J].动力工程学报,2011,31(7):507-512.
[6]Margaret P Proctor,Irebert R Delgado.Preliminary Test Results of a Non-Contacting Finger Seal on a Herringbone-Grooved Rotor[R].AIAA 2008-4506.
[7]李二圣,陈国定.一种低迟滞低磨损的指尖密封型线构形的研究[J].航空动力学报,2008,23(4):759-764.
[8]张延超,陈国定,杨美玲.指尖密封结构参数与泄漏和磨损性能的灰关联分析[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(18):2147-2151.
[9]苏华,陈国定.单元组合型指尖密封的综合性能研究[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(4):379-381.
[10]陈国定,徐华,虞烈,等.指尖密封的迟滞特性分[J].机械工程学报,2003,39(5):121.
[11]陈国定,苏华,张永红.指尖密封轴向布局的变尺度结构研究[J].航空动力学报,2003,18(4):488-491.
[12]Arora G K.Pressure Balanced,Low Hysteresis,Finger Seal Test Results[R].AIAA 99-2686.
[13]顾永泉.流体动密封(下)[M].北京:中国石化出版社,1992.
[14]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[15]克拉盖尔斯基H B,陀贝钦M H,康巴洛夫B C.摩擦磨损计算原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982.
[16]张延超,刘凯,周连杰,等.基于系统响应特征的指尖密封泄漏特性分析[J].航空动力学报,2013,28(1):205-210.