文艺复兴时期欧洲武技的总体特征
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摘要
武技虽是全人类共有的文化遗产,但又因不同的历史文化条件形成了不同的武技形式,理解不同民族的武技对理解本民族武技有着深刻意义。一直以来,武术学界在武技横向比较研究上始终集中于具有相似"文化基因"的日韩武技,而对"文化基因"大不同的欧洲武技,特别是古代欧洲武技却少有涉及。欧洲武技作为西方武技的典型代表,对现代西方武技体系的形成产生了深远影响。它生发于独特的欧洲文化,有着与中国武术的不同外在形式和内在意蕴,体现了欧洲文化对"武"的另一种诠释。研究聚焦文艺复兴时期的欧洲武技,运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,分析了文艺复兴时期欧洲武技的总体特征。研究认为文艺复兴时期欧洲武技以"战斗"为根本追求,理论中融摄数学为发展亮点,以冷兵器武技和徒手武技为内容体系。研究欧洲武技将为解答武术的当下困境和未来发展提供另一个视角的思考。
Although martial arts is a common cultural heritage of all mankind, it has formed different forms of martial arts because of different historical and cultural conditions. Understanding the martial arts of different nationalities has profound implications for understanding the martial arts of the nation.For a long time, the martial arts academics have always focused on Japanese and Korean martial arts with similar "cultural genes" in the horizontal comparative study of martial arts, while European martial arts with different "cultural genes", especially ancient European martial arts, have rarely been involved.As a typical representative of Western martial arts, European martial arts has had a profound impact on the formation of modern Western martial arts systems.It originated from a unique European culture and has different external forms and inner meanings from Chinese martial arts, reflecting another understanding of the "Martial Arts" of European nationalities.The study focused on European martial arts during the Renaissance, using literature and logic analysis to analyze the overall characteristics of European martial arts during the Renaissance.The study believes that the European martial arts in the Renaissance was based on "battle" as the fundamental pursuit, with mathematics as the theoretical basis, and cold weapon martial arts and freehand martial arts as the content system.Studying European martial arts will provide another perspective for answering the current dilemma and future development of martial arts.
Although martial arts is a common cultural heritage of all mankind, it has formed different forms of martial arts because of different historical and cultural conditions. Understanding the martial arts of different nationalities has profound implications for understanding the martial arts of the nation.For a long time, the martial arts academics have always focused on Japanese and Korean martial arts with similar "cultural genes" in the horizontal comparative study of martial arts, while European martial arts with different "cultural genes", especially ancient European martial arts, have rarely been involved.As a typical representative of Western martial arts, European martial arts has had a profound impact on the formation of modern Western martial arts systems.It originated from a unique European culture and has different external forms and inner meanings from Chinese martial arts, reflecting another understanding of the "Martial Arts" of European nationalities.The study focused on European martial arts during the Renaissance, using literature and logic analysis to analyze the overall characteristics of European martial arts during the Renaissance.The study believes that the European martial arts in the Renaissance was based on "battle" as the fundamental pursuit, with mathematics as the theoretical basis, and cold weapon martial arts and freehand martial arts as the content system.Studying European martial arts will provide another perspective for answering the current dilemma and future development of martial arts.
引文
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[2] Katharine Olson.10 Dangers of The Medieval Period[EB/OL].(2018-05-02)[2019-01-08].https://www.historyextra.com/period/medieval/10-dangers-of-the-medieval-period/.
[3] 约翰·基甸·米林根[英].决斗的历史[M].荀铮,译.北京:中央编译出版社,2015:17.
[4] 徐昕.司法决斗考[J].法制与社会发展,2007(1):20.
[5] Richard Marsden,Historical European Martial Arts in Its Context[M].Tyrant Industries,2017:155,79.
[6] M·克莱因[美].西方文化中的数学[M].张祖贵,译.上海:复旦大学出版社,2004:84,44,133,149,22.
[7] Sydney Anglo.The Martial Arts of Renaissance Europe[M].Yale University Press,2000:49,25,86,177,25,91,182.
[8] 保尔·法拉格,威廉·李卜克内西.忆马克思恩格斯[M].上海:三联书局,1963:4.