河西走廊新月形沙丘表层沉积物的理化性质
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摘要
沙丘表层沉积物的理化特征是风沙地貌研究的重要内容。选取了河西走廊沙漠中部戈壁地表发育的新月形沙丘、灌丛沙丘及附近的湖相沉积物和戈壁表层沉积物的38个样品,对其物理性质(平均粒径、分选程度、峰度、偏度)和化学性质(常量元素和微量元素)进行分析。结果表明:河西走廊新月形沙丘表层沉积物粒度以中沙为主(21.65%～57.39%),其次是细沙(23.22%～52.96%);平均粒径为0.27～0.43 mm,大于其他沙漠。分选性以中等较好为主,粒度曲线近对称,峰度中等。常量元素以CaO和SiO2为主,分别为5.55%和66.12%;微量元素含量在同一沙丘具有相似性,但不同的沙丘之间的含量有所差异。
The physicochemical characteristics of aeolian sediments in sand dunes surface is one of the important issue in aeolian geomorphology. The 38 surface sediment samplers had been selected from the crescent-shaped sand dunes,vegetable dunes and lacustrine sediments at the gobi surface in the middle desert of the Hexi Corridor. The physical properties( average particle size,sorting degree,kurtosis,skewness) and chemical properties( major and trace elements) of these sediment samples were analyzed. The results showed that the surface sediments of crescent dunes in Hexi Corridor are mainly of medium sand( 21. 65%-57. 39%),followed by fine sand( 23. 22%-52.96%). The averaged particle size is 0.27 ～ 0.43 mm and larger than other deserts. The sediments from dunes are moderately well sorted and with a near symmetry and mesokurtic distribution. The major elements are mainly Cao and SiO 2,5.55% and 66.12%,respectively. The content of trace elements is similar in the same dune,but the contents are different for different dunes.
The physicochemical characteristics of aeolian sediments in sand dunes surface is one of the important issue in aeolian geomorphology. The 38 surface sediment samplers had been selected from the crescent-shaped sand dunes,vegetable dunes and lacustrine sediments at the gobi surface in the middle desert of the Hexi Corridor. The physical properties( average particle size,sorting degree,kurtosis,skewness) and chemical properties( major and trace elements) of these sediment samples were analyzed. The results showed that the surface sediments of crescent dunes in Hexi Corridor are mainly of medium sand( 21. 65%-57. 39%),followed by fine sand( 23. 22%-52.96%). The averaged particle size is 0.27 ～ 0.43 mm and larger than other deserts. The sediments from dunes are moderately well sorted and with a near symmetry and mesokurtic distribution. The major elements are mainly Cao and SiO 2,5.55% and 66.12%,respectively. The content of trace elements is similar in the same dune,but the contents are different for different dunes.
引文
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[14]俞胜清,阿布都米基提,周向玲,等.新疆喀拉库姆沙漠新月形沙丘不同部位粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(6):1629-1635.
[15] Zou X Y,Li J F,Liu B,et al.The protective effects of nebkhas on an oasis[J].Aeolian Research,2016,20:71-79.
[16] Khalaf F I,Misak R,Al-dousari A. Sedimentological and morphological characteristics of some nabkha deposits in the northern coastal plain of Kuw ait,Arabia[J]. Journal of Arid Environments,1995,29(3):267-292.
[17] Langford R P. Nabkha(coppice dune)fields of south-central New M exico,USA[J]. Journal of Arid Environments,2000,46(1):25-41.
[18] Visher G.Grain size distributions and depositional processes[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1969,39(3):1074-1106.
[19]陈渭南.塔克拉玛干沙漠84°E沿线沙物质的粒度特征[J].地理学报,1993,48(1):33-46.
[20]朱秉启,杨小平.塔克拉玛干沙漠沉积物的粒度沉积学特征及其意义[C]//2007年全国地貌与第四纪学术研讨会论文集,2007.
[21]魏怀东,王继和,徐先英,等.库姆塔格沙漠各沙丘类型沙粒粒度分析[J].甘肃科技,2007,23(5):85-88.
[22]哈斯,王贵勇.沙坡头地区新月形沙丘粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2001,21(3):271-275.
[23]李恩菊.巴丹吉林沙漠与腾格里沙漠沉积物特征的对比研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2011.
[2]哈斯,王贵勇.腾格里东南缘横向沙丘粒度变化及其与坡面形态的关系[J].中国沙漠,1996,16(2):216-221.
[3]董治宝,苏志珠,钱广强,等.库姆塔格沙漠风沙地貌[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[4] Lancaster N. Star dunes[J]. Progress of Physical Geography,1989,13:67-92.
[5] Wang X M,Dong Z B,Zhang J W,et al.Grain size characteristics of dune sand in the central Taklimakan Sand Sea[J]. Sedimentary Geology,2003,16:1-14.
[6] Lancaster N.Geomorphology of Desert Dunes[M].New York,USA:Routledge,1995.
[7] Lancaster N. Grain size characteristics of Namib Desert linear dunes[J].Sedimentology,1981,28:115-122.
[8]朗丽丽,王训明,朱秉启,等.河西走廊西端灌丛沙丘发育过程及其对沙漠化的指示意义[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(4):612-619.
[9] Zhang Z C,Dong Z B.Grain size characteristics in the Hexi Corridor Desert[J].Aeolian Research,2015,18:55-67.
[10] Zhang Z C,Dong Z B,Hu G Y,et al.Migration and morphology of asymmetric barchans in the Central Hexi Corridor of Northw est China[J].Geosciences,2018,8(6):204.
[11] Zhang H C,Ma Y Z,Peng J L,et al.Palaeolake and palaeoenvironment betw een 42 and 18 ka BP in Tengger Desert,NW China[J].China Science Bulliten,2002,47:1946-1956.
[12] Guan Q Y,Pan B T,Li N,et al.Timing and significance of the initiation of present day deserts in the northeastern Hexi Corridor,China[J]. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2011,306:70-74.
[13]吴正.风沙地貌与治沙工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:448.
[14]俞胜清,阿布都米基提,周向玲,等.新疆喀拉库姆沙漠新月形沙丘不同部位粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(6):1629-1635.
[15] Zou X Y,Li J F,Liu B,et al.The protective effects of nebkhas on an oasis[J].Aeolian Research,2016,20:71-79.
[16] Khalaf F I,Misak R,Al-dousari A. Sedimentological and morphological characteristics of some nabkha deposits in the northern coastal plain of Kuw ait,Arabia[J]. Journal of Arid Environments,1995,29(3):267-292.
[17] Langford R P. Nabkha(coppice dune)fields of south-central New M exico,USA[J]. Journal of Arid Environments,2000,46(1):25-41.
[18] Visher G.Grain size distributions and depositional processes[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1969,39(3):1074-1106.
[19]陈渭南.塔克拉玛干沙漠84°E沿线沙物质的粒度特征[J].地理学报,1993,48(1):33-46.
[20]朱秉启,杨小平.塔克拉玛干沙漠沉积物的粒度沉积学特征及其意义[C]//2007年全国地貌与第四纪学术研讨会论文集,2007.
[21]魏怀东,王继和,徐先英,等.库姆塔格沙漠各沙丘类型沙粒粒度分析[J].甘肃科技,2007,23(5):85-88.
[22]哈斯,王贵勇.沙坡头地区新月形沙丘粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2001,21(3):271-275.
[23]李恩菊.巴丹吉林沙漠与腾格里沙漠沉积物特征的对比研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2011.