玉米叶形相关性状的Meta-QTL及候选基因分析
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摘要
叶长、叶宽、叶面积及叶夹角不仅影响玉米(Zea mays)光合效率,也是株型的重要构成因素。通过对620个叶形QTL进行整合,构建不同遗传背景下的叶形QTL整合图谱,利用元分析发掘出22个叶长、22个叶宽、12个叶面积以及17个叶夹角m QTL;进一步运用生物信息学手段,确定44个与叶片发育密切相关的候选基因。分析发现,仅有NAL7-like、YABBY6-like和GRF2等13个基因位于m QTL区间内,而玉米中已克隆的KNOTTED1、AN3/GIF1、rgd1/lbl1、mwp1及SRL2-like、HYL1-like和CYCB2;4-like等水稻(Oryza sativa)和拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)叶形同源基因位于未被整合的QTL内;对44个候选基因在叶片长、宽、厚发育过程中基部-末端、中央-边缘、远轴-近轴的调控机理进行归纳分析,发现玉米中仅有少数几个候选基因被报道,揭示了叶形发育的部分分子机理。因此,对玉米叶形相关m QTL/QTL及基因进行全面深入的分析,不仅有助于增加对其遗传结构的了解,发掘更多候选基因,阐明叶形发育和形成的分子机制,还可为耐密理想株型的分子标记辅助选择提供依据。
Leaf length, width, area, and angle are important components of plant architecture but also affect the efficiency of photosynthesis in maize. In this study, 620 quantitative trait loci(QTL) were used to construct an integrated map related to maize leaf shape; 22 maize QTL(m QTL) for leaf length, 22 for leaf width, 12 for leaf area and 17 for leaf angle were estimated by meta-analysis. Further bioinformatics analysis identified 44 candidate genes closely related to leaf shape within the m QTL region, with some unintegrated QTL. However, only 13 candidate genes, including NAL7-like, YABBY6-like, and GRF2, were located in the m QTL region. Most of the candidate genes, such as the cloned genes KNOTTED1, AN3/GIF1, rgd1/lbl1 and mwp1 in maize and SRL2-like, HYL1-like, and CYCB2;4-like in rice and Arabidopsis thaliana homologous genes were projected onto the interval of unintegrated QTL. The regulation mechanism of 44 candidate genes is summarized and analyzed in the development of leaf length, width and thickness, by proximal-distal, central-marginal and adaxial-abaxial. Only a few known genes revealed part of the molecular mechanism of leaf development in maize. Further research of the m QTL/QTL and related genes will create a global view of the genetic architecture of maize leaf shape, provide useful biological information for fine mapping QTL, and identify more candidate genes to clarify the molecular mechanism of leaf morphogenesis and provide a theoretical base for ideal plant-architecture improvement of maize marker-assisted breeding.
Leaf length, width, area, and angle are important components of plant architecture but also affect the efficiency of photosynthesis in maize. In this study, 620 quantitative trait loci(QTL) were used to construct an integrated map related to maize leaf shape; 22 maize QTL(m QTL) for leaf length, 22 for leaf width, 12 for leaf area and 17 for leaf angle were estimated by meta-analysis. Further bioinformatics analysis identified 44 candidate genes closely related to leaf shape within the m QTL region, with some unintegrated QTL. However, only 13 candidate genes, including NAL7-like, YABBY6-like, and GRF2, were located in the m QTL region. Most of the candidate genes, such as the cloned genes KNOTTED1, AN3/GIF1, rgd1/lbl1 and mwp1 in maize and SRL2-like, HYL1-like, and CYCB2;4-like in rice and Arabidopsis thaliana homologous genes were projected onto the interval of unintegrated QTL. The regulation mechanism of 44 candidate genes is summarized and analyzed in the development of leaf length, width and thickness, by proximal-distal, central-marginal and adaxial-abaxial. Only a few known genes revealed part of the molecular mechanism of leaf development in maize. Further research of the m QTL/QTL and related genes will create a global view of the genetic architecture of maize leaf shape, provide useful biological information for fine mapping QTL, and identify more candidate genes to clarify the molecular mechanism of leaf morphogenesis and provide a theoretical base for ideal plant-architecture improvement of maize marker-assisted breeding.
引文
安允权,张君,席章营,李明娜,李沛,王顺喜,张莹莹,陈彦惠,吴连成(2016).玉米不同叶位叶面积的QTL定位.分子植物育种14,2113-2120.
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刘建超,褚群,蔡红光,米国华,陈范骏(2010).玉米SSR连锁图谱构建及叶面积的QTL定位.遗传32,625-631.
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郭莹(2012).利用不同F2群体定位玉米株型性状的QTL.硕士论文.重庆:西南大学.pp.45-47.
鞠培娜,方云霞,邹国兴,彭友林,孙川,胡江,董国军,曾大力,郭龙彪,张光恒,高振宇,钱前(2010).一个新的水稻叶形突变体(tll1)的遗传分析与精细定位.植物学报45,654-661.
李贤唐,丁俊强,王瑞霞,吴建宇(2011).玉米株型相关性状的QTL定位与分析.江苏农业科学39(2),21-25.
刘建超,褚群,蔡红光,米国华,陈范骏(2010).玉米SSR连锁图谱构建及叶面积的QTL定位.遗传32,625-631.
刘正,余婷婷,梅秀鹏,陈淅宁,王国强,王久光,刘朝显,王旭,蔡一林(2014).玉米穗上叶夹角和叶间距的QTL定位.农业生物技术学报22,177-187.
路明,周芳,谢传晓,李明顺,徐云碧,Warburton M,张世煌(2007).玉米杂交种掖单13号的SSR连锁图谱构建与叶夹角和叶向值的QTL定位与分析.遗传29,1131-1138.
唐登国(2013).玉米叶宽和叶长性状的QTL定位与分析.硕士论文.雅安:四川农业大学.pp.29-43.
于永涛,张吉民,石云素,宋燕春,王天宇,黎裕(2006).利用不同群体对玉米株高和叶片夹角的QTL分析.玉米科学14(2),88-92.
袁园园,王丽,赵盼盼,王林嵩(2016).棉花类结瘤素Mt N21基因家族生物信息学分析.植物学报51,515-524.
张姿丽,蒋锋,刘鹏飞,陈青春,张媛,王晓明(2014a).甜玉米穗位叶面积QTL定位.湖北农业科学53,1502-1505.
张姿丽,刘鹏飞,蒋锋,陈青春,张媛,王晓明,王汉宁(2014b).基于四交群体的玉米叶夹角和叶向值QTL定位分析.中国农业大学学报19(4),7-16.
张志腾(2015).玉米叶型相关性状QTL定位与分析.硕士论文.雅安:四川农业大学.pp.21-23.
郑祖平,黄玉碧,田孟良,谭振波(2007).不同供氮水平下玉米株型相关性状的QTLs定位和上位性效应分析.玉米科学15(2),14-18.
Agrama HAS,Zakaria AG,Said FB,Tuinstra M(1999).Identification of quantitative trait loci for nitrogen use efficiency in maize.Mol Breed 5,187-195.
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