摘要
20世纪后半叶特别是改革开放以来,我国社会处在巨大的转型之中。在人口转变和流行病学转型的共同推动下,老年人口疾病类型发生了变化。以"中国老年健康影响跟踪调查"(CLHLS)的数据为基础,分析我国老年人口疾病模式转型以及慢性病易感人群的转变。从慢性病患病结构状况来看,心脑血管疾病、糖尿病的患病比例明显增加,而关节炎风湿病、慢性呼吸系统疾病的患病比例则有所降低,出现了慢性病患病结构构成中的一"升"一"降"的现象。从患病的群体分布上看,社会经济地位高、居住在城镇和东部地区的老年人容易患现代型疾病,而社会经济地位低、居住在西部地区的老年人更容易患传统型疾病。从疾病转型的速度上看,其对社会经济地位较低、居住在农村和西部地区的老年人冲击更大,这一部分老年人在现代型疾病患病率上升速度较快的同时,其传统型疾病患病率下降速度也更快。
The types of diseases in elderly Chinese population have changed because of population and epidemiological transitions.In the context of the huge transition and population aging,using the 2002 to 2014 wave of CLHLS data,we will describe the patterns of chronic diseases transition in the elderly and explore the transition pattern in different groups.Research shows that the proportion of chronic diseases has changed.The proportion of cardiovascular disease and diabetes has obviously increased.On the contrary,the proportion of rheumatoid and chronic respiratory disease declined.Diseases that have increased are called "modern style chronic disease".Diseases that have declined are called "traditional style chronic disease".Research indicated the elderly with lower socioeconomic status and living in rural and western area suffered more from the disease transition. The prevalence of modern and traditional style chronic disease increased and decreased more rapidly in the elderly with lower socioeconomic status and living in rural and western area.
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