凸形封头压力容器优化设计
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摘要
针对传统的化工行业压力容器壁厚较大,生产成本过高的情况,课题组利用ANSYS有限元软件,以凸形封头压力容器中的椭圆形封头和碟形封头压力容器为研究对象,考察其应力分布和位移分布的特点,并进行优化设计。结果表明:在相同载荷下,椭圆形封头压力容器应力较小;椭圆形封头压力容器短半轴的变化、碟形封头压力容器直边段内径的变化趋势与目标函数体积的最大值相一致;经过21次迭代得到压力容器的最优设计参数,优化效果明显。研究结果对于压力容器的优化设计和材料的合理利用有一定的参考意义。
Traditional chemical industry pressure vessel was designed with large wall thickness,which increases the production cost. The elliptical head pressure vessel and the dished head pressure vessel were two different kinds of convex head pressure vessel, whose characteristics of stress and displacement distribution were investigated and optimized by ANSYS finite element analysis software. The results show that under the same load,the stress of the elliptical head pressure vessel is smaller than that of the dished head pressure vessel; the change trend of the semi-minor axis of the elliptical head pressure vessel and the straight section inner diameter of the dished head pressure vessel is consistent with the maximum volume of objective function. The optimal design parameters of the pressure vessel were obtained after 21 iterations with obvious optimization effect. The results have a certain guiding significance for the optimal design of pressure vessels and the rational use of materials.
Traditional chemical industry pressure vessel was designed with large wall thickness,which increases the production cost. The elliptical head pressure vessel and the dished head pressure vessel were two different kinds of convex head pressure vessel, whose characteristics of stress and displacement distribution were investigated and optimized by ANSYS finite element analysis software. The results show that under the same load,the stress of the elliptical head pressure vessel is smaller than that of the dished head pressure vessel; the change trend of the semi-minor axis of the elliptical head pressure vessel and the straight section inner diameter of the dished head pressure vessel is consistent with the maximum volume of objective function. The optimal design parameters of the pressure vessel were obtained after 21 iterations with obvious optimization effect. The results have a certain guiding significance for the optimal design of pressure vessels and the rational use of materials.
引文
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[2]谭蔚.化工设备设计基础[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2000:200-215.
[3]王志文,蔡仁良.化工容器设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:70.
[4]石传美,张亚新,王光文.基于ANSYS的压力容器壁厚优化设计[J].化工设备与管道,2009,32(5):2.
[5]张晶,桂亮.内压容器筒体与大接管相贯区的应力强度评定[J].化工机械,2009,36(4):343.
[6]苗浩然,刘晹,赵延平.基于有限元分析的压力容器应力分布研究[J].新技术新工艺,2012,20(7):31.
[7]张彩丽.压力容器的有限元分析及优化设计[J].陕西科技大学学报,2012,30(6):95.
[8]任海云,陈辉,王风涛.压力容器不连续区的有限元分析及优化设计[J].机械工程师,2011,15(7):104.
[9]李杨,张兴芳,蔡业斌.高压容器筒体与封头过渡区对应力集中的影响及优化设计[J].化工机械,2016,43(3):323.
[10]余伟炜,高炳军. ANSYS在机械与化工装备中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006:215.
[11]史南达,鲍务均.利用有限元软件对压力容器进行优化设计[J].机械设计与制造,2005,14(10):13.
[12]张亚新,石传美.基于ANSYS的压力容器壁厚优化设计[J].机械与电子,2009,5(8):58.
[13]谭晶莹,刘胜.基于ANSYS的压力容器壁厚优化设计[J].湖南理工学院学报,2016,18(5):50.