鸭稻系统中水稻地上部对土壤振动的响应
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摘要
鸭稻共作中存在多种影响水稻生长和稻田微生境的生物行为。为阐明鸭子振动土壤对水稻地上部的影响,采用定量振动装置,设计了9 s(SV9)、39 s(SV39)、90 s(SV90)和0 s(对照) 4个强度对水稻施加机械振动刺激。结果表明:振动21天后,高强度振动处理SV90显著降低了叶表面积和叶绿素含量,中等强度振动处理SV39显著提高水稻叶片的可溶性蛋白含量; SV9、SV39和SV90的植株N含量比对照增加了20%、16%和12%; Mg含量上升了25%、20%和11%,Ca含量上升了24%、15%和8%;低强度处理SV9显著增加了叶片SOD活性;低强度处理SV9和中等强度处理SV39显著均提高了叶片POD活性和CAT活性;高强度处理SV90导致叶片丙二醛含量显著升高;低强度处理SV9提高了速效氮和速效磷含量;土壤振动改变了水稻地上部形态和生理特征,研究结果可为设计调控水稻生长的机械刺激装置提供技术参数。
In rice-duck farming system,diverse duck behaviours may influence rice growth and the microenvironment. Here,a pot experiment was conducted to clarify the effects of soil vibration that simulated the duck trampling on the aboveground part of Oryza sativa. Four intensities of soil vibrations including 0( CK),9( SV9),39( SV39),90( SV90) s·d-1·pot-1were applied for 21 days,using a handmade device to simulate the vibration of duck activities. High intensity of vibration( SV90) significantly reduced leaf surface area and leaf chlorophyll content. The moderate intensity of vibration( SV39) significantly increased soluble protein content. The N contents in the aboveground parts in SV9,SV39 and SV90 treatments increased by 20%,16%and 12% respectively. The Mg contents in SV9,SV39 and SV90 treatments increased by 25%,20% and 11%,respectively,while Ca contents increased by 24%,15% and 8%,respectively.The low intensity of vibration( SV9) increased leaf SOD activity,while both the low intensity and moderate intensity of vibrations increased the leaf POD activities. The moderate intensity of vibration significantly enhanced the leaf CAT activity. The high intensity of vibration significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde in leaves. The low intensity of vibration increased the contents of available N and available P. Our results suggest that soil vibration has significant effects on the morphological and physiological characteristics of the aboveground parts of rice,providing technical parameters for the design of mechanical stimulators to control rice growth.
In rice-duck farming system,diverse duck behaviours may influence rice growth and the microenvironment. Here,a pot experiment was conducted to clarify the effects of soil vibration that simulated the duck trampling on the aboveground part of Oryza sativa. Four intensities of soil vibrations including 0( CK),9( SV9),39( SV39),90( SV90) s·d-1·pot-1were applied for 21 days,using a handmade device to simulate the vibration of duck activities. High intensity of vibration( SV90) significantly reduced leaf surface area and leaf chlorophyll content. The moderate intensity of vibration( SV39) significantly increased soluble protein content. The N contents in the aboveground parts in SV9,SV39 and SV90 treatments increased by 20%,16%and 12% respectively. The Mg contents in SV9,SV39 and SV90 treatments increased by 25%,20% and 11%,respectively,while Ca contents increased by 24%,15% and 8%,respectively.The low intensity of vibration( SV9) increased leaf SOD activity,while both the low intensity and moderate intensity of vibrations increased the leaf POD activities. The moderate intensity of vibration significantly enhanced the leaf CAT activity. The high intensity of vibration significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde in leaves. The low intensity of vibration increased the contents of available N and available P. Our results suggest that soil vibration has significant effects on the morphological and physiological characteristics of the aboveground parts of rice,providing technical parameters for the design of mechanical stimulators to control rice growth.
引文
梁开明,章家恩,黄兆祥,等.2013.不同强度的连续触摸式机械刺激对水稻生理特性的影响.生态学杂志,32(8):2035-2042.
鲁如坤.1999.土壤农业化学分析方法.北京:中国农业科技出版社.
钱永强,孙振元,韩蕾,等.2010.野牛草叶片活性氧及其清除系统对水分胁迫的响应.生态学报,30(7):1920-1926.
秦钟,章家恩,张锦,等.2012.稻鸭共作系统中稻飞虱及主要捕食性天敌类群之间的关系.中国水稻科学,26(4):457-466.
史国安,郭香凤,包满珠.2008.牡丹花不同发育时期脂质过氧化代谢的相关性研究.西北农林科技大学学报,36(8):183-189.
向继恩,陈灿,黄璜.2016.稻田养鱼农业文化遗产综合效益评价.遗产与保护研究,1(5):111-117.
阳小成,王伯初,叶梅.2007.机械振荡对猕猴桃试管苗根系发育的影响.生物技术通讯,18(1):81-84.
张斐斐,李忠光,杜朝昆,等.2010.植物对机械刺激的响应及信号转导.植物生理学通讯,46(6):517-528.
赵本良,沈启斌,章家恩,等.2017.根区施加鸭排泄物对水稻生长及甲烷排放的影响.生态科学,36(6):1-7.
Anten NPR,Casado-Garcia R,Nagashima H.2005.Effects of mechanical stress and plant density on mechanical characteristics,growth,and lifetime reproduction of tobacco plants.American Naturalist,166:650-660.
Atapaththu KSS,Asaeda T.2015.Growth and stress responses of Nuttall’s waterweed Elodea nuttallii(Planch)St.John to water movements.Hydrobiologia,747:217-233.
Basu D,Haswell ES.2017.Plant mechanosensitive ion channels:An ocean of possibilities.Current Opinion in Plant Biology,40:43-48.
Beauchamp C,Fridovich I.1971.Superoxide dismutase:Improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels.Analytical Biochemistry,44:276-287.
Berg H,Tam NT.2018.Decreased use of pesticides for increased yields of rice and fish-options for sustainable food production in the Mekong Delta.Science of the Total Environment,619-620:319-327.
Braam J.2005.In touch:Plant responses to mechanical stimuli.New Phytologist,165:373-389.
Cambi M,Certini G,Fabiano F,et al.2015.Impact of wheeled and tracked tractors on soil physical properties in a mixed conifer stand.i Forest,9:89-94.
Coutand C.2010.Mechanosensing and thigmomorphogenesis,a physiological and biomechanical point of view.Plant Science,179:168-182.
Fluchiger W,Oertli JJ,Fluckiger-Keller H.1978.The effect of wind gusts on leaf growth and foliar water relations of aspen.Oecologia,34:101-106.
Fritschi FB,Ray JD.2007.Soybean leaf nitrogen,chlorophyll content,and chlorophyll a/b ratio.Photosynthetica,45:92-98.
Gardiner B,Berry P,Moulia B.2016.Review:Wind impacts on plant growth,mechanics and damage.Plant Science,245:94-118.
Heath RL,Packer L.1968.Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts.I.Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation.Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics,125:189-198.
Hongo A,Shlrao M.1985.Effect of mechanical stress on growth of quackgrass(Agropyron repens(L.)Beauv.).II.Comparison between treading stress and rubbing stress under different nitrogen levels and growing seasons.Journal of Weed Science&Technology,30:231-236.
Huang Y,Wang H,Huang H,et al.2005.Characteristics of methane emission from wetland rice-duck complex ecosystem.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,105:181-193.
Jaffe MJ.1973.Thigmomorphogenesis:The response of plant growth and development to mechanical stimulation.Planta,114:143-157.
Johnson KA,Sistrunk ML,Polisensky DH,et al.1998.Arabidopsis thaliana responses to mechanical stimulation do not require ETR1 or EIN2.Plant Physiology,116:643-649.
Khatiwada JR,Ghimire S,Khatiwada SP,et al.2016.Frogs as potential biological control agents in the rice fields of Chitwan,Nepal.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,230:307-314.
Kissling M,Hegetschweiler KT,Rusterholz HP,et al.2009.Short-term and long-term effects of human trampling on above-ground vegetation,soil density,soil organic matter and soil microbial processes in suburban beech forests.Applied Soil Ecology,42:303-314.
Knight MR,Smith SM,Trewavas AJ.1992.Wind-induced plant motion immediately increases cytosolic calcium.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,89:4967-4971.
Kurusu T,Kuchitsu K,Nakano M,et al.2013.Plant mechanosensing and Ca2+transport.Trends in Plant Science,18:227-233.
Liu S,Jiao J,Lu TJ,et al.2017.Arabidopsis leaf trichomes as acoustic antennae.Biophysical Journal,113:2068-2076.
Liu Y,Schieving F,Stuefer JF,et al.2007.The effects of mechanical stress and spectral shading on the growth and allocation of ten genotypes of a stoloniferous plant.Annals of Botany,99:121-130.
Marschner H,R9mheld V,Cakmak I.1987.Root-induced changes of nutrient availability in the rhizosphere.Journal of Plant Nutrition,10:1175-1184.
Martens MJM,Michelsen A.1981.Absorption of acoustic energy by plant leaves.Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,69:303-306.
Neel PL,Harris RW.1971.Motion-induced inhibition of elongation and induction of dormancy in liquidambar.Science,173:58-59.
Pigliucci M.2002.Touchy and bushy:Phenotypic plasticity and integration in response to wind stimulation in Arabidopsis thaliana.International Journal of Plant Sciences,163:399-408.
Rao MV,Paliyath G,Ormrod DP,et al.1997.Influence of salicylic acid on H2O2production,oxidative stress,and H2O2-metabolizing enzymes:Salicylic acid-mediated oxidative damage requires H2O2.Plant Physiology,115:137-149.
Telewsk FW.2006.A unified hypothesis of mechanoperception in plants.American Journal of Botany,93:1466-1476.
Wang BC,Long XF,Duan CR,et al.2001.Response of gerbera jamesonii acrocarpous callus stimulated by mechanical vibration.Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerface,21:253-257.
Wu FB,Zhang GP,Dominy P.2003.Four barley genotypes respond differently to cadmium:Lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant capacity.Environmental and Experimental Botany,50:67-78.
Zhang JE,Quan GM,Huang ZX,et al.2013.Evidence of duck activity induced anatomical structure change and lodging resistance of rice plant.Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems,37:975-984.
Zhang JE,Zhao BL,Chen X,et al.2009.Insect damage reduction while maintaining rice yield in duck-rice farming compared with mono rice farming.Journal of Sustainable Agriculture,33:801-809.
Zhang YK,Zhu DF,Zhang YP,et al.2015.Low p H-induced changes of antioxidant enzyme and ATPase activities in the roots of rice(Oryza sativa L.)seedlings.PLo S One,10:e0116971.
Zhao BL,Teng LL,Zhang JE,et al.2018.Thigmotropic responses of Oryza sativa L.to external rubbing stimulation.Archives of Biological Sciences,70:129-139.
Zhao BL,Zhang JE,Li H,et al.2015.Effect of Lolium multiflorum Lamas a substitute feedstuff for ducks in a rice-duck farming system.Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems,39:727-746.
Zhao BL,Zhang JE,Lv XH,et al.2013.Methane oxidation enhancement of rice roots with stimulus to its shoots.Plant,Soil&Environment,59:143-149.
鲁如坤.1999.土壤农业化学分析方法.北京:中国农业科技出版社.
钱永强,孙振元,韩蕾,等.2010.野牛草叶片活性氧及其清除系统对水分胁迫的响应.生态学报,30(7):1920-1926.
秦钟,章家恩,张锦,等.2012.稻鸭共作系统中稻飞虱及主要捕食性天敌类群之间的关系.中国水稻科学,26(4):457-466.
史国安,郭香凤,包满珠.2008.牡丹花不同发育时期脂质过氧化代谢的相关性研究.西北农林科技大学学报,36(8):183-189.
向继恩,陈灿,黄璜.2016.稻田养鱼农业文化遗产综合效益评价.遗产与保护研究,1(5):111-117.
阳小成,王伯初,叶梅.2007.机械振荡对猕猴桃试管苗根系发育的影响.生物技术通讯,18(1):81-84.
张斐斐,李忠光,杜朝昆,等.2010.植物对机械刺激的响应及信号转导.植物生理学通讯,46(6):517-528.
赵本良,沈启斌,章家恩,等.2017.根区施加鸭排泄物对水稻生长及甲烷排放的影响.生态科学,36(6):1-7.
Anten NPR,Casado-Garcia R,Nagashima H.2005.Effects of mechanical stress and plant density on mechanical characteristics,growth,and lifetime reproduction of tobacco plants.American Naturalist,166:650-660.
Atapaththu KSS,Asaeda T.2015.Growth and stress responses of Nuttall’s waterweed Elodea nuttallii(Planch)St.John to water movements.Hydrobiologia,747:217-233.
Basu D,Haswell ES.2017.Plant mechanosensitive ion channels:An ocean of possibilities.Current Opinion in Plant Biology,40:43-48.
Beauchamp C,Fridovich I.1971.Superoxide dismutase:Improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels.Analytical Biochemistry,44:276-287.
Berg H,Tam NT.2018.Decreased use of pesticides for increased yields of rice and fish-options for sustainable food production in the Mekong Delta.Science of the Total Environment,619-620:319-327.
Braam J.2005.In touch:Plant responses to mechanical stimuli.New Phytologist,165:373-389.
Cambi M,Certini G,Fabiano F,et al.2015.Impact of wheeled and tracked tractors on soil physical properties in a mixed conifer stand.i Forest,9:89-94.
Coutand C.2010.Mechanosensing and thigmomorphogenesis,a physiological and biomechanical point of view.Plant Science,179:168-182.
Fluchiger W,Oertli JJ,Fluckiger-Keller H.1978.The effect of wind gusts on leaf growth and foliar water relations of aspen.Oecologia,34:101-106.
Fritschi FB,Ray JD.2007.Soybean leaf nitrogen,chlorophyll content,and chlorophyll a/b ratio.Photosynthetica,45:92-98.
Gardiner B,Berry P,Moulia B.2016.Review:Wind impacts on plant growth,mechanics and damage.Plant Science,245:94-118.
Heath RL,Packer L.1968.Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts.I.Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation.Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics,125:189-198.
Hongo A,Shlrao M.1985.Effect of mechanical stress on growth of quackgrass(Agropyron repens(L.)Beauv.).II.Comparison between treading stress and rubbing stress under different nitrogen levels and growing seasons.Journal of Weed Science&Technology,30:231-236.
Huang Y,Wang H,Huang H,et al.2005.Characteristics of methane emission from wetland rice-duck complex ecosystem.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,105:181-193.
Jaffe MJ.1973.Thigmomorphogenesis:The response of plant growth and development to mechanical stimulation.Planta,114:143-157.
Johnson KA,Sistrunk ML,Polisensky DH,et al.1998.Arabidopsis thaliana responses to mechanical stimulation do not require ETR1 or EIN2.Plant Physiology,116:643-649.
Khatiwada JR,Ghimire S,Khatiwada SP,et al.2016.Frogs as potential biological control agents in the rice fields of Chitwan,Nepal.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,230:307-314.
Kissling M,Hegetschweiler KT,Rusterholz HP,et al.2009.Short-term and long-term effects of human trampling on above-ground vegetation,soil density,soil organic matter and soil microbial processes in suburban beech forests.Applied Soil Ecology,42:303-314.
Knight MR,Smith SM,Trewavas AJ.1992.Wind-induced plant motion immediately increases cytosolic calcium.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,89:4967-4971.
Kurusu T,Kuchitsu K,Nakano M,et al.2013.Plant mechanosensing and Ca2+transport.Trends in Plant Science,18:227-233.
Liu S,Jiao J,Lu TJ,et al.2017.Arabidopsis leaf trichomes as acoustic antennae.Biophysical Journal,113:2068-2076.
Liu Y,Schieving F,Stuefer JF,et al.2007.The effects of mechanical stress and spectral shading on the growth and allocation of ten genotypes of a stoloniferous plant.Annals of Botany,99:121-130.
Marschner H,R9mheld V,Cakmak I.1987.Root-induced changes of nutrient availability in the rhizosphere.Journal of Plant Nutrition,10:1175-1184.
Martens MJM,Michelsen A.1981.Absorption of acoustic energy by plant leaves.Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,69:303-306.
Neel PL,Harris RW.1971.Motion-induced inhibition of elongation and induction of dormancy in liquidambar.Science,173:58-59.
Pigliucci M.2002.Touchy and bushy:Phenotypic plasticity and integration in response to wind stimulation in Arabidopsis thaliana.International Journal of Plant Sciences,163:399-408.
Rao MV,Paliyath G,Ormrod DP,et al.1997.Influence of salicylic acid on H2O2production,oxidative stress,and H2O2-metabolizing enzymes:Salicylic acid-mediated oxidative damage requires H2O2.Plant Physiology,115:137-149.
Telewsk FW.2006.A unified hypothesis of mechanoperception in plants.American Journal of Botany,93:1466-1476.
Wang BC,Long XF,Duan CR,et al.2001.Response of gerbera jamesonii acrocarpous callus stimulated by mechanical vibration.Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerface,21:253-257.
Wu FB,Zhang GP,Dominy P.2003.Four barley genotypes respond differently to cadmium:Lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant capacity.Environmental and Experimental Botany,50:67-78.
Zhang JE,Quan GM,Huang ZX,et al.2013.Evidence of duck activity induced anatomical structure change and lodging resistance of rice plant.Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems,37:975-984.
Zhang JE,Zhao BL,Chen X,et al.2009.Insect damage reduction while maintaining rice yield in duck-rice farming compared with mono rice farming.Journal of Sustainable Agriculture,33:801-809.
Zhang YK,Zhu DF,Zhang YP,et al.2015.Low p H-induced changes of antioxidant enzyme and ATPase activities in the roots of rice(Oryza sativa L.)seedlings.PLo S One,10:e0116971.
Zhao BL,Teng LL,Zhang JE,et al.2018.Thigmotropic responses of Oryza sativa L.to external rubbing stimulation.Archives of Biological Sciences,70:129-139.
Zhao BL,Zhang JE,Li H,et al.2015.Effect of Lolium multiflorum Lamas a substitute feedstuff for ducks in a rice-duck farming system.Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems,39:727-746.
Zhao BL,Zhang JE,Lv XH,et al.2013.Methane oxidation enhancement of rice roots with stimulus to its shoots.Plant,Soil&Environment,59:143-149.