一锅法和两步法合成磁性羟基磷灰石重金属吸附材料的研究
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摘要
分别采用一锅法和两步法工艺制备了磁性羟基磷灰石复合材料(HAP/Fe_3O_4复合磁性材料)。通过X射线衍射(XRD)对两种方法合成的HAP/Fe_3O_4复合磁性材料进行微观结构表征与分析,并研究了HAP/Fe_3O_4复合磁性材料对Cd~(2+)的吸附性能。结果表明:羟基磷灰石均匀负载在Fe_3O_4微粒表面,HAP/Fe_3O_4复合磁性材料对Cd~(2+)的吸附性能比HAP明显提高,且一锅法合成的HAP/Fe_3O_4复合磁性材料中HAP在Fe_3O_4表面分布更均匀,更牢固,且比表面积更大,较两步法好,具有更好的磁分离能力。随着Cd~(2+)初始浓度由0. 02 mg/L增大到0. 1 mg/L,去除率均呈下降趋势,吸附量呈上升趋势,当Cd~(2+)初始浓度为0. 1 mg/L时,一锅法制得HAP/Fe_3O_4复合磁性材料对Cd~(2+)的去除率在90%以上,其吸附量较HAP吸附量提高30%以上,两步法制得HAP/Fe_3O_4复合磁性材料对Cd~(2+)的去除率在85%以上,其吸附量较HAP吸附量提高了20%以上。HAP/Fe_3O_4复合磁性材料在外加磁场的作用下具有良好的分离回收和循环利用性能,是一种潜在的重金属高效吸附材料。
Magnetic HAP was synthesized by means of "one-pot"and "two-step ways". The microstructure of HAP/Fe_3O_4 was confirmed by X-ray diffraction( XRD).The adsorption properties of HAP/Fe_3O_4 on Cd~(2+)were also investigated.The results showed that HAP was uniformly loaded on the surface of Fe_3O_4 particles.The adsorption capacity of Cd~(2+)after HAP/Fe_3O_4 increased significantly compared with that of HAP.And the HAP/Fe_3O_4 synthesized by one-pot method was more uniform and firm on the surface of Fe_3O_4,and the specific surface area was larger,better than the two-step method,and had better magnetic separation ability.With the initial concentration of Cd~(2+)increasing from 0. 02 mg/L to 0. 1 mg/L,the removal rate of Cd~(2+)decreases and the adsorption capacity increased.When the initial concentration of Cd~(2+)was 0. 1 mg/L,the removal rate of Cd~(2+)by the HAP/Fe_3O_4 synthesized by one-pot method was more than 90%,and the adsorption capacity of HAP/Fe_3O_4 was more than 30% higher than that of HAP.The removal rate of Cd~(2+)by the HAP/Fe_3O_4 synthesized by two-step method was over 85%,and its adsorption capacity was more than 20% higher than that of HAP.HAP/Fe_3O_4 had good separation,recovery and recycling properties under the action of applied magnetic field.It is a potential heavy ions adsorption material with high efficiency.
Magnetic HAP was synthesized by means of "one-pot"and "two-step ways". The microstructure of HAP/Fe_3O_4 was confirmed by X-ray diffraction( XRD).The adsorption properties of HAP/Fe_3O_4 on Cd~(2+)were also investigated.The results showed that HAP was uniformly loaded on the surface of Fe_3O_4 particles.The adsorption capacity of Cd~(2+)after HAP/Fe_3O_4 increased significantly compared with that of HAP.And the HAP/Fe_3O_4 synthesized by one-pot method was more uniform and firm on the surface of Fe_3O_4,and the specific surface area was larger,better than the two-step method,and had better magnetic separation ability.With the initial concentration of Cd~(2+)increasing from 0. 02 mg/L to 0. 1 mg/L,the removal rate of Cd~(2+)decreases and the adsorption capacity increased.When the initial concentration of Cd~(2+)was 0. 1 mg/L,the removal rate of Cd~(2+)by the HAP/Fe_3O_4 synthesized by one-pot method was more than 90%,and the adsorption capacity of HAP/Fe_3O_4 was more than 30% higher than that of HAP.The removal rate of Cd~(2+)by the HAP/Fe_3O_4 synthesized by two-step method was over 85%,and its adsorption capacity was more than 20% higher than that of HAP.HAP/Fe_3O_4 had good separation,recovery and recycling properties under the action of applied magnetic field.It is a potential heavy ions adsorption material with high efficiency.
引文
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[13]薛博,施云峰,何淑梅,等.常温环境下壳聚糖诱导合成单斜羟基磷灰石纳米晶体及其结构表征[J].高等学校化学学报,2010,31(12):2 339-2 343.
[14]程杨,赵宗山,张帆,等.Fe3O4-Si O2-Polypyrrole纳米核壳颗粒的制备及其吸附性能[J].科学通报,2010,55(30):2 904-2 909.
[2]赵旋,吴天宝,叶裕才.我国饮用水源的重金属污染及治理技术深化问题[J].给水排水,1998,24(10):22-25.
[3]李惠敏,霍家明.海河流域水污染现状与水资源质量状况综合评价[J].水资源保护,2000,4:12-14.
[4]戴秀丽,孙成.太湖沉积物中重金属污染状况及分布特征探讨[J].上海环境科学,2001,20(2):71-74.
[5]吕晓凤,殷平.无机吸附材料在处理含重金属离子废水中的应用进展[J].化学与生物工程,2007,24(6):8-10.
[6]邓超,陈章旭,谢曙光,等.纳米羟基磷灰石的应用研究进展[J].广东化工,2009,3:45-46.
[7]刘羽,胥焕岩,黄志良,等.羟基磷灰石吸附水溶液中的Cd2+的影响因素的研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2001,20(4):583-586.
[8]黄晓丹,李先学,肖玉菡.羟基磷灰石磁性功能复合材料的制备及其研究[J].岭南师范学院学报,2015,36(3):56-62.
[9]侯惠娟,吴兰.羟基磷灰石磁性复合材料用于水中砷(Ⅴ)的吸附[J].化学研究与应用,2011,23(11):1 514-1 519.
[10]吴孝兰,肖瑞丽,赵雅梦,等.一种用于废水中重金属吸附的磁性纳米材料制备[J].化学试剂,2017,39(8):867-870.
[11]艾桃桃,王芬.多孔羟基磷灰石的制备与表征[J].江苏陶艺,2006,39(2):32-35.
[12]胡田田,仓龙,王玉军,等.铅和铜离子在纳米羟基磷灰石上的竞争吸附动力学研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(8):2 875-2 881.
[13]薛博,施云峰,何淑梅,等.常温环境下壳聚糖诱导合成单斜羟基磷灰石纳米晶体及其结构表征[J].高等学校化学学报,2010,31(12):2 339-2 343.
[14]程杨,赵宗山,张帆,等.Fe3O4-Si O2-Polypyrrole纳米核壳颗粒的制备及其吸附性能[J].科学通报,2010,55(30):2 904-2 909.