1982-2015年山西省忻州市植被覆盖变化与气候因子的相关性分析
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摘要
【目的/意义】在遥感及地理信息系统技术的支持下,利用1982-2015年的NASA/GIMMS的NDVI数据,分析山西省忻州市1982-2015年的植被覆盖时空变化特征,得出其气候变化规律,突显其区域环境意义。【方法/过程】采用最大值合成法、一元线性回归法及相关性分析法,结合中国气象共享网的气象数据,用ArcGIS和Excel软件对相关数据进行处理和分析。【结果/结论】结果表明:忻州市从1982-2015年内植被生长季(4-10月)的月均NDVI在时间上呈总体增加趋势,增长率较高,同时在空间上也表现为增加的趋势;忻州市1982-2015年内的气候变化特征是:时间上以气温增加为主,降水变化比较平稳,在空间上表现为忻州市西部地区的气候变化小于东部地区,山地的气候变化小于盆地和河流流域地区,降水量值呈东南向西北递减趋势;气温和降水是影响忻州市1982-2015年的植被生长季(4-10月)的NDVI时空变化的主要驱动力因素,且气温和降水都有所增加,并对植被的生长产生积极的作用;尤其是气温的增加对植被的生长的影响比较明显,相比之下降水量的时空变化则对植被的生长影响较小。
【Objective/Meaning】With the support of remote sensing and GIS technology,by using the NDVI data of NASA/GIMMS from 1982 to 2015,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of vegetation cover in Xinzhou City of Shanxi Province from 1982 to 2015 were analyzed,and the climate change rules were obtained to highlight its regional environmental significance.【Methods/Procedures】By using the maximum synthesis method,the unary linear regression method and the correlation analysis method are,combined with the meteorological data of China Meteorological Sharing Network,the relevant data were processed and analyzed through the ArcGIS and Excel software.【Results/Conclusions】The results showed that:(1)The average monthly NDVI of the vegetation growing season(April to October)in Xinzhou City from 1982 to 2015 showed an overall increase trend with a high growth rate,and also showed an increase trend in space.(2)The characteristics of climate change in Xinzhou City from 1982 to 2015 were as follows:In time,the temperature was mainly increased,and the precipitation changes were relatively stable.In space,the climate change in the western region of Xinzhou City was smaller than that in the eastern region,and the climate change in the mountainous region was smaller than that in the basin and river basin,and the precipitation value showed a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest.(3)Temperature and precipitation were the main driving forces for the spatial and temporal changes of NDVI during the vegetation growing season(April to October)from1982 to 2015 in Xinzhou City,and both the temperature and precipitation have increased,which have a positive effect on the growth of vegetation.In particular,the increase of temperature had an obvious effect on the growth of vegetation,while the spatial-temporal change of precipitation had a smaller effect on the growth of vegetation.
【Objective/Meaning】With the support of remote sensing and GIS technology,by using the NDVI data of NASA/GIMMS from 1982 to 2015,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of vegetation cover in Xinzhou City of Shanxi Province from 1982 to 2015 were analyzed,and the climate change rules were obtained to highlight its regional environmental significance.【Methods/Procedures】By using the maximum synthesis method,the unary linear regression method and the correlation analysis method are,combined with the meteorological data of China Meteorological Sharing Network,the relevant data were processed and analyzed through the ArcGIS and Excel software.【Results/Conclusions】The results showed that:(1)The average monthly NDVI of the vegetation growing season(April to October)in Xinzhou City from 1982 to 2015 showed an overall increase trend with a high growth rate,and also showed an increase trend in space.(2)The characteristics of climate change in Xinzhou City from 1982 to 2015 were as follows:In time,the temperature was mainly increased,and the precipitation changes were relatively stable.In space,the climate change in the western region of Xinzhou City was smaller than that in the eastern region,and the climate change in the mountainous region was smaller than that in the basin and river basin,and the precipitation value showed a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest.(3)Temperature and precipitation were the main driving forces for the spatial and temporal changes of NDVI during the vegetation growing season(April to October)from1982 to 2015 in Xinzhou City,and both the temperature and precipitation have increased,which have a positive effect on the growth of vegetation.In particular,the increase of temperature had an obvious effect on the growth of vegetation,while the spatial-temporal change of precipitation had a smaller effect on the growth of vegetation.
引文
[1]刘宪锋,杨勇,任志远,等.2000-2009年黄土高原地区植被覆盖度时空变化[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(4):1244-1249.
[2]陈云浩,李晓兵,史培军.1983-1992年中国陆地NDVI变化的气候因子驱动分析[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(6):716-720.
[3]方精云,朴世龙,贺金生,等.近20年来中国植被活动在增强[J].中国科学(C辑:生命科学),2003,33(6):554-565,578-579.
[4]杜加强,舒俭民,张林波,等.黄河上游不同干湿气候区植被对气候变化的响应[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(11):1192-1201.
[5]赵安周,刘宪锋,朱秀芳,等.2000-2014年黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化特征及其归因[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(5):1568-1578.
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[7]刘淼,秦大庸,刘家宏,等.基于NDVI的山西省植被覆盖度变化研究[J].人民黄河,2009,31(5):17-18.
[8]信忠保,许炯心,郑伟.气候变化和人类活动对黄土高原植被覆盖变化的影响[J].中国科学:(D辑:地球科学).2007,37(11):1504-1514.
[9]易浪,任志远,张翀,等.黄土高原植被覆盖变化与气候和人类活动的关系[J].资源科学,2014,36(1):166-174.
[10]张嘉琪,任志远,张翀.水热条件和人类活动对山西省植被覆盖变化的影响[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(4):128-133,345.
[11]党跃军,王礼霄,严俊霞.山西省2003-2012年植被时空变化格局及对气候因子的响应[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(2):235-240.
[12]吴绍洪,罗勇,王浩,等.中国气候变化影响与适应:态势和展望[J].科学通报,2016,10(61):1042-1054.
[13]徐茜,任志远,杨忍.黄土高原地区归一化植被指数时空动态变化及其与气候因子的关系[J].陕西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(1):82-87.
[14]山西省统计局.山西省统计年鉴2016[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.
[15]忻州市2015年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[Z].忻州市统计局,2016.
[16]裴亮,黄森旺,陈丽萍.京津风沙源区植被的时空变化及其对气候因子的响应[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(5):1593-1597.
[17]宋怡,马明国.基于GIMMS AVHRR NDVI数据的中国寒旱区植被动态及其与气候因子的关系[J].遥感学报,2008,12(3):499-505.
[18]仝莉棉,曾彪,王鑫.山西省不同生态区NDVI时空变化及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(3):71-76.
[19]孙睿,刘昌明,朱启疆.黄河流域植被覆盖度动态变化与降水的关系[J].地理学报,2001(6):667-672.
[20]李震,阎福礼,范湘涛.中国西北地区NDVI变化及其与温度和降水的关系[J].遥感学报,2005(3):308-313.
[21]赵东升,吴绍洪.气候变化情景下中国自然生态系统脆弱性研究[J].地理学报,2013,68(5):602-610.
[22]武永利,栾青,赵永强,等.近25年山西植被指数时空变化特征研究[J].生态环境,2008,17(6):2330-2335.
[23]孙红丽,王长耀,牛铮,等.中国地表植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子关系---基于NOAA时间序列数据分析[J].遥感学报,1998(3):204-210.
[24]宋怡,马明国.基于SPOT VEGETATION数据的中国西北植被覆盖变化分析[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(1):89-93,173.
[25]郭铌,朱燕君,王介民,等.近22年来西北不同类型植被NDVI变化与气候因子的关系[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):319-327.
[2]陈云浩,李晓兵,史培军.1983-1992年中国陆地NDVI变化的气候因子驱动分析[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(6):716-720.
[3]方精云,朴世龙,贺金生,等.近20年来中国植被活动在增强[J].中国科学(C辑:生命科学),2003,33(6):554-565,578-579.
[4]杜加强,舒俭民,张林波,等.黄河上游不同干湿气候区植被对气候变化的响应[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(11):1192-1201.
[5]赵安周,刘宪锋,朱秀芳,等.2000-2014年黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化特征及其归因[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(5):1568-1578.
[6]MYNENI R B,KEELING C D,TUCKER C J,et al.Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981to 1991[J].Nature,1997,386(6626):698-702.
[7]刘淼,秦大庸,刘家宏,等.基于NDVI的山西省植被覆盖度变化研究[J].人民黄河,2009,31(5):17-18.
[8]信忠保,许炯心,郑伟.气候变化和人类活动对黄土高原植被覆盖变化的影响[J].中国科学:(D辑:地球科学).2007,37(11):1504-1514.
[9]易浪,任志远,张翀,等.黄土高原植被覆盖变化与气候和人类活动的关系[J].资源科学,2014,36(1):166-174.
[10]张嘉琪,任志远,张翀.水热条件和人类活动对山西省植被覆盖变化的影响[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(4):128-133,345.
[11]党跃军,王礼霄,严俊霞.山西省2003-2012年植被时空变化格局及对气候因子的响应[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(2):235-240.
[12]吴绍洪,罗勇,王浩,等.中国气候变化影响与适应:态势和展望[J].科学通报,2016,10(61):1042-1054.
[13]徐茜,任志远,杨忍.黄土高原地区归一化植被指数时空动态变化及其与气候因子的关系[J].陕西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(1):82-87.
[14]山西省统计局.山西省统计年鉴2016[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.
[15]忻州市2015年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[Z].忻州市统计局,2016.
[16]裴亮,黄森旺,陈丽萍.京津风沙源区植被的时空变化及其对气候因子的响应[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(5):1593-1597.
[17]宋怡,马明国.基于GIMMS AVHRR NDVI数据的中国寒旱区植被动态及其与气候因子的关系[J].遥感学报,2008,12(3):499-505.
[18]仝莉棉,曾彪,王鑫.山西省不同生态区NDVI时空变化及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(3):71-76.
[19]孙睿,刘昌明,朱启疆.黄河流域植被覆盖度动态变化与降水的关系[J].地理学报,2001(6):667-672.
[20]李震,阎福礼,范湘涛.中国西北地区NDVI变化及其与温度和降水的关系[J].遥感学报,2005(3):308-313.
[21]赵东升,吴绍洪.气候变化情景下中国自然生态系统脆弱性研究[J].地理学报,2013,68(5):602-610.
[22]武永利,栾青,赵永强,等.近25年山西植被指数时空变化特征研究[J].生态环境,2008,17(6):2330-2335.
[23]孙红丽,王长耀,牛铮,等.中国地表植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子关系---基于NOAA时间序列数据分析[J].遥感学报,1998(3):204-210.
[24]宋怡,马明国.基于SPOT VEGETATION数据的中国西北植被覆盖变化分析[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(1):89-93,173.
[25]郭铌,朱燕君,王介民,等.近22年来西北不同类型植被NDVI变化与气候因子的关系[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):319-327.