现代德性幸福的四个要义——论贺麟的新儒家幸福观
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摘要
贺麟注重中西思想交流的方法,在哲学、宗教、艺术三方面寻求"儒家思想的新开展"。以生活修养、诗礼风度接续儒家传统德性幸福,贺麟倡导人生之乐的儒者气象,是为现代幸福的德性要义。以尽性知命作为人生幸福的真谛,贺麟把西方的意志自由引入诠释尽性知命,是为现代幸福的自由要义。对功利主义进行"旧式"和"新式"的区分,贺麟提出功利是理想、道德所不可缺少的条件,是为现代幸福的功利要义。考察利己主义与利他主义的思想发展,贺麟提出"假私济公"的天道与"超私归公"的境界,是为现代幸福的公道要义。德性、自由、功利、公道四个范畴构成贺麟新儒家幸福观的核心理念,是传统德性幸福现代转型的重要典范。
He Lin paid attention to the methods of the communication between Chinese and Western thoughts,seeking"the newdevelopment of Confucianism"in philosophy,religion and art.Using life cultivation and poem with ceremony manners to inherit traditional Confucian virtue happiness,He Lin advocated the Confucian spirit of the joy of life,which is the virtue essence of modern happiness.Making the best of human nature and knowing destiny as the essence of life happiness,He Lin used Western Philosophy’s freedom of the will to interpret the advantage of human nature and his knowledge of destiny,which was the essence of freedom about modern happiness.By dividing utilitarianism into"old"and"new",He Lin proposed utility should be the indispensable conditions of the ideal and morale,which was the utilitarian essential of modern happiness.By investigating the development of egoism and altruism,He Lin put forward the natural lawof"helping the public under the guise of satisfying oneself"and the realm of"transcend one’s own interest to serve the public",which was the essence of justice for modern happiness.The four concepts of virtue,freedom,utilitarianism and justice,constitute the core concept of He Lin’s newConfucian happiness theory,which is an important model of modern transformation of the traditional virtue happiness.
He Lin paid attention to the methods of the communication between Chinese and Western thoughts,seeking"the newdevelopment of Confucianism"in philosophy,religion and art.Using life cultivation and poem with ceremony manners to inherit traditional Confucian virtue happiness,He Lin advocated the Confucian spirit of the joy of life,which is the virtue essence of modern happiness.Making the best of human nature and knowing destiny as the essence of life happiness,He Lin used Western Philosophy’s freedom of the will to interpret the advantage of human nature and his knowledge of destiny,which was the essence of freedom about modern happiness.By dividing utilitarianism into"old"and"new",He Lin proposed utility should be the indispensable conditions of the ideal and morale,which was the utilitarian essential of modern happiness.By investigating the development of egoism and altruism,He Lin put forward the natural lawof"helping the public under the guise of satisfying oneself"and the realm of"transcend one’s own interest to serve the public",which was the essence of justice for modern happiness.The four concepts of virtue,freedom,utilitarianism and justice,constitute the core concept of He Lin’s newConfucian happiness theory,which is an important model of modern transformation of the traditional virtue happiness.
引文
[1]贺麟:《文化与人生》,上海:上海人民出版社,2010年。
[2]徐建勇:《论贺麟的新儒者人格》,《孔子研究》,2011年5期。
[3]高清海:《人就是人》,沈阳:辽宁人民出版社,2001年。
[4]贺麟:《近代唯心论简释》,上海:上海人民出版社,2009年。
[5]高全喜:《百年回首看贺麟》,《读书》,2014年5期。
[6]张祥龙:《理想主义信念中的儒家复兴和抗战建国》,《云南大学学报》(社会科学版),2014年4期。
[7]梁漱溟:《东西文化及其哲学》,北京:商务印书馆,2010年。
[8]宋志明:《贺麟新儒学思想研究》,天津:天津人民出版社,1998年。
[9]张方玉:《追寻君子的幸福》,长春:吉林人民出版社,2014年。
[2]徐建勇:《论贺麟的新儒者人格》,《孔子研究》,2011年5期。
[3]高清海:《人就是人》,沈阳:辽宁人民出版社,2001年。
[4]贺麟:《近代唯心论简释》,上海:上海人民出版社,2009年。
[5]高全喜:《百年回首看贺麟》,《读书》,2014年5期。
[6]张祥龙:《理想主义信念中的儒家复兴和抗战建国》,《云南大学学报》(社会科学版),2014年4期。
[7]梁漱溟:《东西文化及其哲学》,北京:商务印书馆,2010年。
[8]宋志明:《贺麟新儒学思想研究》,天津:天津人民出版社,1998年。
[9]张方玉:《追寻君子的幸福》,长春:吉林人民出版社,2014年。