紫花含笑与含笑、深山含笑和阔瓣含笑杂交亲和性分析
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摘要
以紫花含笑(Michelia crassipes)为母本,含笑(M. figo)、深山含笑(M. maudiae)和阔瓣含笑(M. platypetala)为父本,研究其杂交亲和性。采用离体培养法对父本花粉生活力进行检测,利用荧光显微镜观察不同杂交组合花粉萌发和花粉管伸长情况,并调查种间杂交坐果率和杂种萌发特性。结果表明:紫花含笑、含笑和深山含笑的花粉萌发率达65%以上,而阔瓣含笑的花粉萌发率较低,为29.07%。荧光显微观察发现,紫花含笑×含笑、紫花含笑×深山含笑的花粉萌发率和花粉管生长速度比紫花含笑自交快,且花粉管能正常伸长完成授精;而紫花含笑×阔瓣含笑的花粉虽能在柱头表面萌发,但花粉萌发和花粉管生长速度均慢于紫花含笑自交,且出现花粉管膨大、花粉管停止生长、柱头和花柱内胼胝质堆积等现象。紫花含笑×含笑、紫花含笑×深山含笑的坐果率和种子萌发率均达80%以上,表明杂交亲和性较好;而紫花含笑×阔瓣含笑的坐果率仅有11.1%,且杂种胚败育,受精前障碍可能是影响其杂交的主要原因之一。
To reveal the cross-compatibility of Michelia crassipes and that of other three species(M. figo,M. maudiae and M. platypetala),M. crassipes was used as female parent and M. figo,M. maudiae and M. platypetala as male parent respectively for artificial hybridization. The pollen viability of the species was determined via culture in vitro,and the pollen tube germination after pollination was observed by fluorescence microscope. The fruit setting rate and seed quality of interspecific hybridization were investigated. The results indicated that the pollen viabilities of M. crassipes,M. figo and M. maudiae were above 65%,whereas the pollen viability of M. platypetala was only 29.07%. By fluorescence microscope,pollen germination rate and the pollen tube growth rate of M. crassipes × M. figo and M. crassipes × M. maudiae were higher than those of M. crassipes selfing. Pollen tubes could normally elongate to complete fertilization. The pollen grains of M. crassipes × M. platypetala germinated on the stigma,but the pollen germination and the growth rate of pollen tube were slower than that of the self-pollination,and inflated pollen tube,growth stop,and deposition of callose on stigma and in stylet were observed. The fruit setting rate and seed germination rate in the cross of M. crassipes × M. figo and M. crassipes × M. maudiae were above 80%,indicating that cross-compatibilities of M. crassipes with M. figo and M. maudiae were better. However,the fruit setting rate of M. crassipes × M. platypetala was only 11.1%,and hybrid embryo was abortive. The pre-fertilization barriers caused by the pollen tubes stopping growth could be one of the main barriers of interspecific hybridization between M. crassipes and M. platypetala.
To reveal the cross-compatibility of Michelia crassipes and that of other three species(M. figo,M. maudiae and M. platypetala),M. crassipes was used as female parent and M. figo,M. maudiae and M. platypetala as male parent respectively for artificial hybridization. The pollen viability of the species was determined via culture in vitro,and the pollen tube germination after pollination was observed by fluorescence microscope. The fruit setting rate and seed quality of interspecific hybridization were investigated. The results indicated that the pollen viabilities of M. crassipes,M. figo and M. maudiae were above 65%,whereas the pollen viability of M. platypetala was only 29.07%. By fluorescence microscope,pollen germination rate and the pollen tube growth rate of M. crassipes × M. figo and M. crassipes × M. maudiae were higher than those of M. crassipes selfing. Pollen tubes could normally elongate to complete fertilization. The pollen grains of M. crassipes × M. platypetala germinated on the stigma,but the pollen germination and the growth rate of pollen tube were slower than that of the self-pollination,and inflated pollen tube,growth stop,and deposition of callose on stigma and in stylet were observed. The fruit setting rate and seed germination rate in the cross of M. crassipes × M. figo and M. crassipes × M. maudiae were above 80%,indicating that cross-compatibilities of M. crassipes with M. figo and M. maudiae were better. However,the fruit setting rate of M. crassipes × M. platypetala was only 11.1%,and hybrid embryo was abortive. The pre-fertilization barriers caused by the pollen tubes stopping growth could be one of the main barriers of interspecific hybridization between M. crassipes and M. platypetala.
引文
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Chai Yi-xia,Cai Meng-Yi,Jin Xiao-ling,Zhang Dong-lin.2017.Pollination biology of Michelia crassipes.Guihaia,37(10):1322-1329.(in Chinese)柴弋霞,蔡梦颖,金晓玲,张冬林.2017.紫花含笑传粉生物学初探.广西植物,37(10):1322-1329.
Dilek T,Selim C.2017.Investigation of intergeneric crossability of Vicia faba L.and Thermopsis turcica Kit Tan,Vural et Kü?ük?dük.Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution,64(7):1605-1611.
Du Wen-wen,Wang Xiang-ning,Wu Li-fang,Duan Qing,Cui Gui-fen,Wang Ji-hua.2012.Difference analysis on the degree of positive and negative hybridization aaffinity for Asian Lily and Longiflorum Lily.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,45(23):4854-4861.(in Chinese)杜文文,王祥宁,吴丽芳,段青,崔光芬,王继华.2012.亚洲百合和铁炮百合正反杂交亲和程度的差异性分析.中国农业科学,45(23):4854-4861.
Gong Xun,Zhang Guo-li,Pan Yue-zhi,Yang Zhi-yun.2003.Three new varieties of Michelia.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,30(1):123.(in Chinese)龚洵,张国莉,潘跃芝,杨志云.2003.含笑新品种郁金含笑、丹芯含笑和沁芳含笑.园艺学报,30(1):123.
Gordillo L F,Jolley V D,Horrocks R D,Stevens M R.2003.Interactions of BA,GA3,NAA,and surfactant on interspecific hybridization of Lycopersicon esculentum×L.chilense.Euphytica,131(1):15-23.
Hao Q,AokiI N,Katayama J,Kako T,Cheon K,Akazawa Y,Kobayashi N.2013.Crossability of American tree peony‘High Noon’as seed parent with Japanese cultivars to breed superior cultivars.Euphytica,191(1):35-44.
Ji Li,Sun Wei-bang.2011.Study on pollen germination of Michelia crassipes,M.calcicola and their F1 hybrids.Plant Science Journal,29(6):691-695.(in Chinese)吉利,孙卫邦.2011.紫花含笑(♀)、灰岩含笑(♂)及其杂种F1代花粉萌发试验研究.植物科学学报,29(6):691-695.
Katarzyna K,Henrik L,Brian C,Ib S,Marcus L,Traud W,Renate M.2015.Evaluation of reproductive barriers contributes to the development of novel interspecific hybrids in the Kalancho?genus.BMC Plant Biology,15:1-15.
Li Gui-fen,Yang Xiang-hui,Qiao Yan-chun,Gao Yong-shun,Jiang Yuan-yuan,Lin Shun-quan.2016.Study on interspecific and intergeneric hybridization compatibility of Eriobotrya and related genera.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,43(6):1069-1078.(in Chinese)李桂芬,杨向晖,乔燕春,高用顺,蒋园园,林顺权.2016.枇杷属植物种间及近缘属杂交亲和性研究.园艺学报,43(6):1069-1078.
Li Jian.2013.Analysis of genetic diversity of 21 kinds of Magnoliaceae evergreen plants[M.D.Dissertation].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University.(in Chinese)李剑.2013.21种木兰科常绿植物的遗传多样性分析[硕士论文].郑州:河南农业大学.
Li Rui-xue,Jin Xiao-ling,Ning Yang,Chen Jie,Cai Meng-ying.2016.Studies on the resources and geographical distribution of the Magnoliaceae in Hunan Province.Journal of Fudan University(Natural Science),55(2):267-274.(in Chinese)李瑞雪,金晓玲,宁阳,陈洁,蔡梦颖.2016.湖南省木兰科植物资源及地理分布研究.复旦学报(自然科学版),55(2):267-274.
Li Rui-xue,Jin Xiao-ling,Hu Xi-jun,Chai Yi-xia,Cai Meng-ying,Luo Feng,Zhang Fang-jing.2017.Analysis and comprehensive evaluation on cold resistance of six varieties of Michelia.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,28(5):1464-1472.(in Chinese)李瑞雪,金晓玲,胡希军,柴弋霞,蔡梦颖,罗峰,张方静.2017.6种含笑属植物抗寒性分析与综合评价.应用生态学报,28(5):1464-1472.
Li Ying-jie,Pan Yue-zhi,Gong Xun.2013.A new hybrid cultivar of Michelia‘Yunxia’.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,40(5):1007-1009.(in Chinese)李颖婕,潘跃芝,龚洵.2013.含笑新品种‘云霞’.园艺学报,40(5):1007-1009.
Li Ying-jie.2014.The research of reproductive biology of five hybrid progenies in Magnoliaceae[M.D.Dissertation].Yunnan:Yunnan Agricultural Unniversity.(in Chinese)李颖婕.2014.5个木兰科植物杂交后代的生殖生物学研究[硕士论文].云南:云南农业大学.
Liu Jian-xin,Yu Xiao-nan.2016.Ultrastructural investigations of Paeonia pollen activation and pollen tube growth after intersectional hybridization.Journal of Beijing Forestry University,38(9):80-86.(in Chinese)刘建鑫,于晓南.2016.芍药与牡丹远缘杂交花粉萌发与花粉管生长行为观察.北京林业大学学报,38(9):80-86.
Lu N,Dai L,Wu B,Zhang Y,Luo Z J,Xun S H,Sun Y H.2015.A preliminary study on the crossability in Robinia pseudoacacia L.Euphytica,206(3):555-566.
Mao Chan-li,Pan Yue-zhi,Gong Xun.2009.A new Michelia cultivar‘Wanchun Hanxiao’.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,36(5):78.(in Chinese)毛常丽,潘跃芝,龚洵.2009.含笑新品种‘晚春含笑’.园艺学报,36(5):78.
Qi Xiu-juan,Xu Shan-kun,Zhang Wei-yuan,Lin Miao-miao,Fang Jin-bao.2013.Studies on compatibility of interspecific hybridization between Actinidia diliciosa‘Xuxiang’and A.longicarpa by anatomy.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,40(10):1897-1904.(in Chinese)齐秀娟,徐善坤,张威远,林苗苗,方金豹.2013.美味猕猴桃‘徐香’与长果猕猴桃远缘杂交亲和性的解剖学研究.园艺学报,40(10):1897-1904.
Shao Wenhao,Jiang Jingmin,Doong Ruxiang,Luan Qifu.2015a.A new variety,Michelia‘Mengyuan’.Scientia Silvae Sinicae,51(10):155.(in Chinese)邵文豪,姜景民,董汝湘,栾启福.2015a.含笑新品种‘梦缘’.林业科学,51(10):155.
Shao Wen-hao,Jiang Jing-min,Dong Rui-xiang.2015b.A new Michelia cultivar‘Mengzi’.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,42(9):1863-1864.(in Chinese)邵文豪,姜景民,董汝湘.2015b.含笑新品种‘梦紫’.园艺学报,42(9):1863-1864.
Shao Wen-hao,Jiang Jing-min,Dong Ru-xiang.2016c.A new Michelia cultivar‘Mengxing’.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,43(6):1219-1220.(in Chinese)邵文豪,姜景民,董汝湘.2016c.含笑新品种‘梦星’.园艺学报,43(6):1219-1220.
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