基于散乱点云的三维人体自动测量
|
摘要
为解决Kinect深度相机三维人体扫描重建中人体特征尺寸提取的问题,提出一种基于散乱点云的三维人体自动测量方案。首先,对采集三维点云数据进行预处理,经点云降采样、离群点滤波和表面重建,以及点云坐标转换,进而识别出人体正背面;然后,利用人体几何形状分析法,自动提取人体特征点和特征截面点云;最后,对得到的特征截面点云提取特征边界点,再通过基于凸壳的轮廓线提取算法得到特征边界线,通过三次B样条曲线拟合计算围度、弧长尺寸,利用坐标差值和欧氏距离计算长度尺寸,从而完成对三维人体点云模型的特征尺寸测量。结果表明,该方案受人体体型因素影响较小,所提出的尺寸信息的自动提取方案有效,并符合相关标准中测量精度的要求。
In order to solve the human body's characteristic size extraction in 3-D human body scanning reconstruction using Kinect depth camera,an automatic measurement scheme of 3-D human body size based on scattered point cloud was proposed. Firstly,the collected 3-D point cloud was preprocessed,and then the front and back surfaces of a human body were identified by point cloud desampling,outlier filtering,surface reconstruction and point cloud coordinate transformation. Then, the human body geometric shape analysis method was used to automatically extract human body's characteristic points and characteristic section point cloud. Finally,the characteristic boundary points were extracted from the obtained characteristic cross section point cloud,and then the characteristic boundary line was obtained by the contour extraction algorithm based on the convex hull,the girth and arc length were calculated through the cubic B-spline curve fittings,and the length was calculated by coordinate difference and Euclidean distance,so that the characteristic size measurement of the 3-D human body point cloud model was completed. The experiment results show that the scheme is less affected by human body shape factors,and the proposed automatic extraction scheme of size information is effective. The feasibility is verified according to the measurement accuracy requirements of related standard.
In order to solve the human body's characteristic size extraction in 3-D human body scanning reconstruction using Kinect depth camera,an automatic measurement scheme of 3-D human body size based on scattered point cloud was proposed. Firstly,the collected 3-D point cloud was preprocessed,and then the front and back surfaces of a human body were identified by point cloud desampling,outlier filtering,surface reconstruction and point cloud coordinate transformation. Then, the human body geometric shape analysis method was used to automatically extract human body's characteristic points and characteristic section point cloud. Finally,the characteristic boundary points were extracted from the obtained characteristic cross section point cloud,and then the characteristic boundary line was obtained by the contour extraction algorithm based on the convex hull,the girth and arc length were calculated through the cubic B-spline curve fittings,and the length was calculated by coordinate difference and Euclidean distance,so that the characteristic size measurement of the 3-D human body point cloud model was completed. The experiment results show that the scheme is less affected by human body shape factors,and the proposed automatic extraction scheme of size information is effective. The feasibility is verified according to the measurement accuracy requirements of related standard.
引文
[1]席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:1-20.XI Huanjiu,CHEN Zhao. Anthropometric Methods[M].Beijing:Science Press,2010:1-20.
[2] ALLEN B,CURLESS P,POPOVI C Z. The space of human body shapes:reconstruction and parameterization from range scans[C]//Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH. San Diego:Acm Transactions on Graphics,2003:587-594.
[3] NURRE J H,CONNOR J,LEWARK E A,et al. On segmenting the three-dimensional scan data of a human body[J]. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging,2000,19(8):787-797.
[4] DEKKER L, DOUROS I, BUSTON B F. Building symbolic information for 3D human body modeling from range data[C]//International Conference on 3D Digital Imaging and Modeling. Ottawa:Institue of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,1999:388-397.
[5] LEONG I F,FANG J J,TSAI M J. Automatic body feature extraction from a maker-less scanned human body[J].Computer-Aided Design,2007,39(7):568-582.
[6] MARKIEWICZ L,WITKOWSKI M,SITNIK R,et al.3D anthropometric algorithms for the estimation of measurements required for specialized garment design[J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2017,85:366-385.
[7]陈国安,刘飞,李丽.采用模糊规则的人体点云特征尺寸识别与提取[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2011,23(8):1393-1399.CHEN Guoan, LIU Fei, LI Li. Recognition and extraction of human body's feature dimensions using fuzzy rules[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2011,23(8):1393-1399.
[8] TONG J,ZHOU J,LIU L,et al. Scanning 3-D full human bodies using Kinects[J]. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics,2012,18(4):643-650.
[9] KOWALSKI M, NARUNIEC J, DANILUK M.Live Scan3D:a fast and inexpensive 3D data acquisition system for multiple kinect v2 sensors[C]//2015International Conference on 3D Vision. Lyon:Institue of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,2015:318-325.
[10]伍龙华,黄惠.点云驱动的计算机图形学综述[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2015,27(8):1341-1353.WU Longhua,HUANG Hui. Survey on points-driven computer graphics[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2015,27(8):1341-1353.
[11] WANG C C L,CHANG T K K,YUEN M M F. From laser-scanned data to feature human model:a system based on fuzzy logic concept[J]. Computer-Aided Design,2003,35(3):241-253.
[12]葛宝臻,郭华婷,彭博,等.基于人体特征提取的模特体型尺寸自动测量方法[J].纺织学报,2012,33(4):129-135.GE Baozhen, GUO Huating, PENG Bo, et al.Automatic model style measurement based on automatic body feature extraction from 3-D scaning data[J].Journal of Textile Research,2012,33(4):129-135.
[13] ZHONG Y, XU B. Automatic segmenting and measurement on scanned human body[J]. International Journal of Clothing Science&Technology, 2006,18(1):19-30.
[14]陈飞舟,陈志杨,丁展,等.基于径向基函数的残缺点云数据修复[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2006,18(9):1414-1419.CHEN Feizhou,CHEN Zhiyang,DING Zhan,et al.Filling holes in point cloud with radial basis function[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2006,18(9):1414-1419.
[15]钱锦锋,陈志扬,张三元,等.点云数据压缩中的边界特征检测[J].中国图象图形学报,2005,10(2):164-169.QIAN Jinfeng,CHEN Zhiyang,ZHANG Sanyuan,et al.The detection of boundary point of point cloud compression[J]. Journal of Image and Graphics,2005,10(2):164-169.
[16] ROBINETTE K M,DAANEN H A. Precision of the CAESAR scan-extracted measurements[J]. Applied Ergonomics,2006,37(3):259-265.
[17] SHROUT P E,FLEISS J L. Intraclass correlations:uses in assessing rater reliability[J]. Pyschological Bulletin,1979,86(2):420-428.
[18]李臻颖,苏军强,吴志明.青年女体三维扫描数据的特征围度计算方法[J].纺织学报,2017,38(5):110-114.LI Zhenying,SU Junqiang,WU Zhiming. Calculating method of characteristics girth of young female body by 3-D scanning data[J]. Journal of Textile Research,2017,38(5):110-114.
[2] ALLEN B,CURLESS P,POPOVI C Z. The space of human body shapes:reconstruction and parameterization from range scans[C]//Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH. San Diego:Acm Transactions on Graphics,2003:587-594.
[3] NURRE J H,CONNOR J,LEWARK E A,et al. On segmenting the three-dimensional scan data of a human body[J]. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging,2000,19(8):787-797.
[4] DEKKER L, DOUROS I, BUSTON B F. Building symbolic information for 3D human body modeling from range data[C]//International Conference on 3D Digital Imaging and Modeling. Ottawa:Institue of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,1999:388-397.
[5] LEONG I F,FANG J J,TSAI M J. Automatic body feature extraction from a maker-less scanned human body[J].Computer-Aided Design,2007,39(7):568-582.
[6] MARKIEWICZ L,WITKOWSKI M,SITNIK R,et al.3D anthropometric algorithms for the estimation of measurements required for specialized garment design[J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2017,85:366-385.
[7]陈国安,刘飞,李丽.采用模糊规则的人体点云特征尺寸识别与提取[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2011,23(8):1393-1399.CHEN Guoan, LIU Fei, LI Li. Recognition and extraction of human body's feature dimensions using fuzzy rules[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2011,23(8):1393-1399.
[8] TONG J,ZHOU J,LIU L,et al. Scanning 3-D full human bodies using Kinects[J]. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics,2012,18(4):643-650.
[9] KOWALSKI M, NARUNIEC J, DANILUK M.Live Scan3D:a fast and inexpensive 3D data acquisition system for multiple kinect v2 sensors[C]//2015International Conference on 3D Vision. Lyon:Institue of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,2015:318-325.
[10]伍龙华,黄惠.点云驱动的计算机图形学综述[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2015,27(8):1341-1353.WU Longhua,HUANG Hui. Survey on points-driven computer graphics[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2015,27(8):1341-1353.
[11] WANG C C L,CHANG T K K,YUEN M M F. From laser-scanned data to feature human model:a system based on fuzzy logic concept[J]. Computer-Aided Design,2003,35(3):241-253.
[12]葛宝臻,郭华婷,彭博,等.基于人体特征提取的模特体型尺寸自动测量方法[J].纺织学报,2012,33(4):129-135.GE Baozhen, GUO Huating, PENG Bo, et al.Automatic model style measurement based on automatic body feature extraction from 3-D scaning data[J].Journal of Textile Research,2012,33(4):129-135.
[13] ZHONG Y, XU B. Automatic segmenting and measurement on scanned human body[J]. International Journal of Clothing Science&Technology, 2006,18(1):19-30.
[14]陈飞舟,陈志杨,丁展,等.基于径向基函数的残缺点云数据修复[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2006,18(9):1414-1419.CHEN Feizhou,CHEN Zhiyang,DING Zhan,et al.Filling holes in point cloud with radial basis function[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2006,18(9):1414-1419.
[15]钱锦锋,陈志扬,张三元,等.点云数据压缩中的边界特征检测[J].中国图象图形学报,2005,10(2):164-169.QIAN Jinfeng,CHEN Zhiyang,ZHANG Sanyuan,et al.The detection of boundary point of point cloud compression[J]. Journal of Image and Graphics,2005,10(2):164-169.
[16] ROBINETTE K M,DAANEN H A. Precision of the CAESAR scan-extracted measurements[J]. Applied Ergonomics,2006,37(3):259-265.
[17] SHROUT P E,FLEISS J L. Intraclass correlations:uses in assessing rater reliability[J]. Pyschological Bulletin,1979,86(2):420-428.
[18]李臻颖,苏军强,吴志明.青年女体三维扫描数据的特征围度计算方法[J].纺织学报,2017,38(5):110-114.LI Zhenying,SU Junqiang,WU Zhiming. Calculating method of characteristics girth of young female body by 3-D scanning data[J]. Journal of Textile Research,2017,38(5):110-114.