四川山丘型血防疫区林茶复合效应初步分析
|
摘要
通过测试桉树纯林、茶树纯林和桉树-茶复合林3种模式的光照强度及土壤、茶叶及桉树叶中的主要元素含量,评价了林茶模式复合效应。结果显示:桉树-茶复合模式中,桉树对茶树遮阴强度介于26%-40%之间;林茶模式中茶叶内的氮、磷、钾、锌含量高于茶树纯林的,而在土壤中的有机质、全N、全P、水解N、有效性P等含量又低于后者,这说明实施林茶复合经营后,因茶园内光照度减少及桉树枯叶产物杀螺作用而营造了抑螺生境。茶园引入桉树后,通过桉树适当遮阴,提高了优质茶叶产量,但实施林茶复合后,桉树与茶树之间对养分吸收存在一定竞争关系,因此,合理施肥是林茶模式经营管理的重点。
In this study,the complex effects of forest-tea agroforest were evaluated by testing the light intensity and the main elements content in soils,tea and leaves of 3 types,namely the pure eucalyptus forest,tea garden and eucalyptus-tea complex forest.The results showed that the shading intensity of eucalyptus on tea tree was between 26% and 40%;the contents of N,P,K and Zn of tea in the Eucalyptus-tea complex model were higher than that of pure tea forest,while the contents of organic matter,total N,total P,hydrolyzed N and available P in soil were lower than that of the latter.It indicated that snail controlling habitat was built by shading of eucalyptus and Molluscicidal effect of eucalyptus litter in the forest-tea complex system.After the introduction of eucalyptus into tea plantation,the yield of high-quality tea was increased by appropriate shading of eucalyptus.However,there was a certain competition between eucalyptus and tea plants in nutrient absorption in the forest-tea complex system.Therefore,rational fertilization was the key process for forest-tea complex management.
In this study,the complex effects of forest-tea agroforest were evaluated by testing the light intensity and the main elements content in soils,tea and leaves of 3 types,namely the pure eucalyptus forest,tea garden and eucalyptus-tea complex forest.The results showed that the shading intensity of eucalyptus on tea tree was between 26% and 40%;the contents of N,P,K and Zn of tea in the Eucalyptus-tea complex model were higher than that of pure tea forest,while the contents of organic matter,total N,total P,hydrolyzed N and available P in soil were lower than that of the latter.It indicated that snail controlling habitat was built by shading of eucalyptus and Molluscicidal effect of eucalyptus litter in the forest-tea complex system.After the introduction of eucalyptus into tea plantation,the yield of high-quality tea was increased by appropriate shading of eucalyptus.However,there was a certain competition between eucalyptus and tea plants in nutrient absorption in the forest-tea complex system.Therefore,rational fertilization was the key process for forest-tea complex management.
引文
[1]费世民,蒋俊明,孙启祥,等.四川山丘型林业血防特点及其作用机理[J].四川林业科学,2014,35(3):1-12.
[2]蒋俊明,费世民,何亚平.四川疫区林业血防的理论与实践[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012.
[3]黄玲玲.山丘型钉螺分布特征及其与环境因子的关系[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2006.
[4]费世民,周金星,张旭东,等.血吸虫病的生态防治与抑螺防病林消除钉螺孽生环境机制[J].湿地科学与管理,2006,2(4):28-32.
[5]张文锦,林春莲,熊明民.茶树遮阴效应研究进展[J].福建农业学报,2007,22(4):457-460.
[6]陶汉之,张承慧.遮荫茶树光合特性研究[J].植物生理学通讯,1986(6):42-46.
[7]顾俊荣,张丽,刘腾飞,等.不同茶果间作下洞庭碧螺春茶叶中矿质元素与茶多酚等有效成分的分析[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(12):325-328.
[8]巩雪峰,余有本,肖斌,等.不同栽培模式对茶园生态环境及茶叶品质的影响[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(12):2485-2491.
[9]段建真,郭素英.遮阴与覆盖对茶园生态环境的影响[J].安徽农学院学报,1992,19(3):189-195.
[10]唐荣南,汤兴陆.湿地松与茶树间作生态效应的研究[J].南京林业大学学报,1987(2):35-44.
[11]唐荣南.农林复合经营技术——林茶复合经营类型与技术[J].林业科技开发,1998(6):54-57.
[12]刘鑫,傅松玲,江文秀.林茶间作栽培模式对有机茶品质的影响[J].园艺与种苗,2015(7):1-3.
[13]张小琴,陈娟,梁远发.间作对幼龄茶园生态与茶树生育及效益影响的研究进展[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(1):67-71.
[14]唐茜,廖长力,单虹丽.川西茶区几种茶林(果)复合生态系统生态效应的初步研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2004,22(1):41-44.
[15]傅松玲,张桦,刘胜清.茶林间作效益分析[J].茶叶通报,1996,18(4):27-28.
[16]彭镇华.林业生态工程与血吸虫病防治[J].中国工程科学,2001,3(7):12-16.
[17]莫晶,闫文德,刘曙光,等.油茶-花生间作土壤酶活性与养分的关系[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(6):89-95.
[18]倪善庆,王双生,韦平和,等.茅山地区桐茶间种生态及经济效益研究[J].江苏林业科技,1990,17(2):1-10.
[2]蒋俊明,费世民,何亚平.四川疫区林业血防的理论与实践[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012.
[3]黄玲玲.山丘型钉螺分布特征及其与环境因子的关系[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2006.
[4]费世民,周金星,张旭东,等.血吸虫病的生态防治与抑螺防病林消除钉螺孽生环境机制[J].湿地科学与管理,2006,2(4):28-32.
[5]张文锦,林春莲,熊明民.茶树遮阴效应研究进展[J].福建农业学报,2007,22(4):457-460.
[6]陶汉之,张承慧.遮荫茶树光合特性研究[J].植物生理学通讯,1986(6):42-46.
[7]顾俊荣,张丽,刘腾飞,等.不同茶果间作下洞庭碧螺春茶叶中矿质元素与茶多酚等有效成分的分析[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(12):325-328.
[8]巩雪峰,余有本,肖斌,等.不同栽培模式对茶园生态环境及茶叶品质的影响[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(12):2485-2491.
[9]段建真,郭素英.遮阴与覆盖对茶园生态环境的影响[J].安徽农学院学报,1992,19(3):189-195.
[10]唐荣南,汤兴陆.湿地松与茶树间作生态效应的研究[J].南京林业大学学报,1987(2):35-44.
[11]唐荣南.农林复合经营技术——林茶复合经营类型与技术[J].林业科技开发,1998(6):54-57.
[12]刘鑫,傅松玲,江文秀.林茶间作栽培模式对有机茶品质的影响[J].园艺与种苗,2015(7):1-3.
[13]张小琴,陈娟,梁远发.间作对幼龄茶园生态与茶树生育及效益影响的研究进展[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(1):67-71.
[14]唐茜,廖长力,单虹丽.川西茶区几种茶林(果)复合生态系统生态效应的初步研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2004,22(1):41-44.
[15]傅松玲,张桦,刘胜清.茶林间作效益分析[J].茶叶通报,1996,18(4):27-28.
[16]彭镇华.林业生态工程与血吸虫病防治[J].中国工程科学,2001,3(7):12-16.
[17]莫晶,闫文德,刘曙光,等.油茶-花生间作土壤酶活性与养分的关系[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(6):89-95.
[18]倪善庆,王双生,韦平和,等.茅山地区桐茶间种生态及经济效益研究[J].江苏林业科技,1990,17(2):1-10.