钢轨超窄间隙焊接热裂纹形成机理及抑制方法
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摘要
利用焊剂片约束电弧超窄间隙焊接方法并采用不同的焊接工艺参数对U71Mn钢轨进行焊接试验.研究焊缝成形系数、热输入和间隙宽度对钢轨超窄间隙焊缝中焊接热裂纹的影响.试验结果表明,钢轨超窄间隙焊接具有高热裂敏感性,焊缝中热裂纹主要以"一字形"和"人字形"2种形态存在,均属于结晶裂纹.且在钢轨超窄间隙焊接过程中,随着焊缝成形系数减小、热输入量的增大和间隙宽度减小,焊缝中热裂纹倾向均明显增加.
An approach of ultra-narrow gap welding with flux strip-constrained arc and different welding parameters were used to carry out experiment on butt seam welding of U71 Mn rails.The influence of weld forming coefficient,heat input and gap width on heat crack in welding was studied.The experimental result showed that the ultra-narrow gap welding of rails would have high thermal cracking sensitivity,the heat crack in the weld would be mainly in the form of"1-shape"and"herringbone",and all of them would belong to the crystalline crack.And in the welding process of ultra-narrow gap between rails,with the decrease of the weld forming factor and the increase of the heat input and gap width,the tendency of heat cracking in the weld would obviously increase.
An approach of ultra-narrow gap welding with flux strip-constrained arc and different welding parameters were used to carry out experiment on butt seam welding of U71 Mn rails.The influence of weld forming coefficient,heat input and gap width on heat crack in welding was studied.The experimental result showed that the ultra-narrow gap welding of rails would have high thermal cracking sensitivity,the heat crack in the weld would be mainly in the form of"1-shape"and"herringbone",and all of them would belong to the crystalline crack.And in the welding process of ultra-narrow gap between rails,with the decrease of the weld forming factor and the increase of the heat input and gap width,the tendency of heat cracking in the weld would obviously increase.
引文
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[10]龚练,朱亮,杨韬君.坡口宽度对超窄间隙焊接电弧特性的影响[J].兰州理工大学学报,2016,42(4):32-35.
[11]黄健康,刘宁,何翠翠,等.铝/镀锌钢焊接接头金属间化合物热力学分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2016,37(6):837-841.
[2]高文会,田利民.客运专线钢轨焊接方案探讨[J].中国铁路,2005(2):27-28.
[3]张琪,李力,宋宏图,等.无缝线路钢轨焊接技术发展现状及趋势[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(3):10-12.
[4]周清跃,张银花.秦沈客运专线钢轨的焊接及相关问题[J].铁道学报,2003,25(5):114-118.
[5]高新平,习年生,高文会.钢轨焊接接头低塌的原因分析与对策[J].铁道建筑,2007(12):88-90.
[6]郑韶先,朱亮,张旭磊,等.焊剂带约束电弧超窄间隙焊接的气保护方法[J].兰州理工大学学报,2007,33(5):25-28.
[7]朱亮,张旭磊,郑韶先,等.焊剂带约束电弧超窄间隙焊接的实现[J].兰州理工大学学报,2007,33(3):27-30.
[8]陈立强.应用焊条电弧焊方法焊接钢轨[J].起重运输机械,2009(3):90-92.
[9]LIANG Guifang.Progress and prospect of narrow gap submerged arc-welding[J].Marine Thechnology,1990(8):33-37,32.
[10]龚练,朱亮,杨韬君.坡口宽度对超窄间隙焊接电弧特性的影响[J].兰州理工大学学报,2016,42(4):32-35.
[11]黄健康,刘宁,何翠翠,等.铝/镀锌钢焊接接头金属间化合物热力学分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2016,37(6):837-841.