5种杀虫剂对菜青虫的田间防治效果和室内毒力测定
|
摘要
为明确贵阳地区菜青虫种群对几种常用杀虫剂田间防治效果和敏感性,分别采用了浸叶法和常规喷雾法对常用杀虫剂进行室内毒力测定和田间药效试验。田间药效试验表明阿维菌素和苦参碱处理对菜青虫田间防效较高,施药后7 d防效分别为89.8%和74.8%;其次为高氯·甲维盐和氯虫苯甲酰胺,而溴氰菊酯的田间防效最差。笔者选择了田间防效最高(阿维菌素)、最低(溴氰菊酯)、居中(高氯·甲维盐)这3种杀虫剂对菜青虫进行毒力测定,结果表明菜青虫对阿维菌素最敏感,LC_(50)为1.25 mg·L~(-1),而对溴氰菊酯具有较高的抗性,LC_(50)为327.78 mg·L~(-1)。室内毒力测定结果与田间防效呈线性正相关。因此,该地区可选用阿维菌素和苦参碱等药剂来防治菜青虫,同时应注意不同药剂的轮换使用,以延缓菜青虫抗药性的发展。
To investigate the toxicities and their field performance of several regular used insecticides against Pieris rapae,a laboratory bioassay by using leaves dipping method and a field trial were conducted to evaluate their control efficiencies.The field performances of avermectin and matrine had the better control efficiencies compared to other insecticides.After 7 d application,the control efficiencies were 89.8% and 74.8% at 7 d,respectively.The deltamethrin had the lowest control efficiency.We further choose three insecticides with the high(avermectin),middle(chlorine·emamectin benzoate),and low(deltamethrin)field performances to tested the toxicities against Pieris rapae.The results showed that avermectin had the highest toxicity(LC_(50)=1.25 mg·L~(-1)),and deltamethrin had the lowest toxicity(LC_(50)=327.78 mg·L~(-1))against Pieris rapae.Our data also showed that toxicities were positively related to the field performances.Therefore,avermectin and matrine were recommended for controlling Pieris rapae.Meanwhile,a rotation application of different insecticides were recommended to delay resistance of Pieris rapae to insecticides.
To investigate the toxicities and their field performance of several regular used insecticides against Pieris rapae,a laboratory bioassay by using leaves dipping method and a field trial were conducted to evaluate their control efficiencies.The field performances of avermectin and matrine had the better control efficiencies compared to other insecticides.After 7 d application,the control efficiencies were 89.8% and 74.8% at 7 d,respectively.The deltamethrin had the lowest control efficiency.We further choose three insecticides with the high(avermectin),middle(chlorine·emamectin benzoate),and low(deltamethrin)field performances to tested the toxicities against Pieris rapae.The results showed that avermectin had the highest toxicity(LC_(50)=1.25 mg·L~(-1)),and deltamethrin had the lowest toxicity(LC_(50)=327.78 mg·L~(-1))against Pieris rapae.Our data also showed that toxicities were positively related to the field performances.Therefore,avermectin and matrine were recommended for controlling Pieris rapae.Meanwhile,a rotation application of different insecticides were recommended to delay resistance of Pieris rapae to insecticides.
引文
[1]刘焕民.不同低毒药剂防治白菜菜青虫田间药效试验[J].华中昆虫研究,2016,12:276-278.
[2]彭丽年,林荣寿,曾杰,等.菜青虫和菜蚜的抗药性测定[J].西南农业大学学报,1996,18(6):530-532.
[3]赵丽,洪文英,吴燕君,等.不同药剂防治菜青虫和小菜蛾田间药效试验[J].浙江农业科学,2013(11):1470-1472.
[4]王品舒,吕怡,董杰,等.13种杀虫剂对花椰菜田菜青虫的防治效果[J].农药,2017,56(4):300-302.
[5]MANSOUR E E,ZHANG A G,MI F Y,et al.Ultra-structural changes in the integument induced by the use of three of six forms of allylisothiocyanate tested against Plutella xylostella and Pieris rapae larvae[J].Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology,2012,102(3):237-243.
[6]NY/T 1154.14-2008农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第14部分:浸叶法[S].2008.
[7]TANG Q Y,ZHANG C X.Data processing system(DPS)software with experimental design,statistical analysis and data mining developed for use in entomological research[J].Insect Science,2013,20(2):254-260.
[8]王兰,冯宏祖.阿维菌素类杀虫剂的研究及应用前景[J].中国植保导刊,2008,28(4):13-15.
[9]许小龙,顾中言,韩丽娟.阿维菌素对十字花科蔬菜主要害虫的生物活性及防治小菜蛾、菜青虫的田间应用研究[J].农药学学报,2002,4(1):39-44.
[10]何忠全,陈德西,杨万全,等.静电电动喷雾器与普通电动喷雾器防治蔬菜害虫效果及药剂使用效率比较试验[J].四川农业科技,2016,(6):44-46.
[11]许姗姗,郭萧,彭萍,等.几种喷雾器在茶园中的使用性能与效果对比研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2311-2315.
[12]李凤良,韩招久,刘传秀,等.贵州省主要菜区菜青虫的抗药性调查[J].贵州农业科学,1991(6):15-18.
[13]尹艳琼,沐卫东,李向永,等.云南通海小菜蛾种群抗药性监测及田间药效评价[J].植物保护,2015,41(3):205-209.
[2]彭丽年,林荣寿,曾杰,等.菜青虫和菜蚜的抗药性测定[J].西南农业大学学报,1996,18(6):530-532.
[3]赵丽,洪文英,吴燕君,等.不同药剂防治菜青虫和小菜蛾田间药效试验[J].浙江农业科学,2013(11):1470-1472.
[4]王品舒,吕怡,董杰,等.13种杀虫剂对花椰菜田菜青虫的防治效果[J].农药,2017,56(4):300-302.
[5]MANSOUR E E,ZHANG A G,MI F Y,et al.Ultra-structural changes in the integument induced by the use of three of six forms of allylisothiocyanate tested against Plutella xylostella and Pieris rapae larvae[J].Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology,2012,102(3):237-243.
[6]NY/T 1154.14-2008农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第14部分:浸叶法[S].2008.
[7]TANG Q Y,ZHANG C X.Data processing system(DPS)software with experimental design,statistical analysis and data mining developed for use in entomological research[J].Insect Science,2013,20(2):254-260.
[8]王兰,冯宏祖.阿维菌素类杀虫剂的研究及应用前景[J].中国植保导刊,2008,28(4):13-15.
[9]许小龙,顾中言,韩丽娟.阿维菌素对十字花科蔬菜主要害虫的生物活性及防治小菜蛾、菜青虫的田间应用研究[J].农药学学报,2002,4(1):39-44.
[10]何忠全,陈德西,杨万全,等.静电电动喷雾器与普通电动喷雾器防治蔬菜害虫效果及药剂使用效率比较试验[J].四川农业科技,2016,(6):44-46.
[11]许姗姗,郭萧,彭萍,等.几种喷雾器在茶园中的使用性能与效果对比研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2311-2315.
[12]李凤良,韩招久,刘传秀,等.贵州省主要菜区菜青虫的抗药性调查[J].贵州农业科学,1991(6):15-18.
[13]尹艳琼,沐卫东,李向永,等.云南通海小菜蛾种群抗药性监测及田间药效评价[J].植物保护,2015,41(3):205-209.