油藏目标优势菌群微生物场提高采收率技术
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摘要
为了提高微生物采油效果,在微生物驱过程中引入化学驱和水驱调整工艺,并通过在油藏建立目标优势菌群微生物场提高原油采收率。以宝力格油田为例,通过目标优势菌群筛选及建立高效地面发酵工艺等技术措施,使注入液菌浓由106个/mL提高到108个/mL,注入液表面张力降低18.6%。同时研究了铬体系可动凝胶材料、胶体与微生物的相互影响,配套开展深部调驱、分注和分层改造等扩大波及体积措施。宝力格油田巴19和巴38断块试验区通过3年实施,油藏内部已经建立了目标菌群微生物场,采收率在2012年的基础上分别提高6.77和6.1个百分点,综合含水较水驱下降3.46个百分点到6.91个百分点,采出液菌浓由105个/mL增加到106个/mL,表面张力降低10.7%。通过油藏目标优势菌群微生物场提高采收率技术研究,为微生物采油技术的规模化实施提供可借鉴的技术理论。
In order to improve the effects of microbial enhanced oil recovery(EOR), chemical flooding and water flooding are introduced in the process of microbial flooding. And in order to enhance the oil recovery factor, a microbial field of target predominant microflora is built up in oil reservoirs. Baolige Oilfield was taken as the example. By taking the technical measures(e.g. screening the target predominant microflora and establishing the efficient ground fermentation process), the bacterial concentration of its injected fluid was increased from 106/mL to 108/mL and the surface tension of its injected fluid was decreased by 18.6%. Furthermore, the mutual effects between chromium movable gel, colloid and microorganisms were investigated and the measures for enlarging the swept volume were taken correspondingly, including profile control, separate injection and separate layer reconstruction. It is shown that 3 years after its implementation in the test areas of fault block Ba 19 and Ba 38 of Baolige Oilfield, the microbial field of target microflora is built up inside the oil reservoirs. Compared with the values in 2012, the recovery factor is 6.77% and 6.1% higher,respectively. The composite water cut is 3.46%-6.91% lower than that of water flooding, the bacterial concentration of the produced fluid increases from 105/mL to 106/mL and the surface tension decreases by 10.7%. The studies on the EOR technology by building up microbial field of target predominant microflora in oil reservoirs provide the valuable technology and theory for the large-scale implementation of microbial EOR technology.
In order to improve the effects of microbial enhanced oil recovery(EOR), chemical flooding and water flooding are introduced in the process of microbial flooding. And in order to enhance the oil recovery factor, a microbial field of target predominant microflora is built up in oil reservoirs. Baolige Oilfield was taken as the example. By taking the technical measures(e.g. screening the target predominant microflora and establishing the efficient ground fermentation process), the bacterial concentration of its injected fluid was increased from 106/mL to 108/mL and the surface tension of its injected fluid was decreased by 18.6%. Furthermore, the mutual effects between chromium movable gel, colloid and microorganisms were investigated and the measures for enlarging the swept volume were taken correspondingly, including profile control, separate injection and separate layer reconstruction. It is shown that 3 years after its implementation in the test areas of fault block Ba 19 and Ba 38 of Baolige Oilfield, the microbial field of target microflora is built up inside the oil reservoirs. Compared with the values in 2012, the recovery factor is 6.77% and 6.1% higher,respectively. The composite water cut is 3.46%-6.91% lower than that of water flooding, the bacterial concentration of the produced fluid increases from 105/mL to 106/mL and the surface tension decreases by 10.7%. The studies on the EOR technology by building up microbial field of target predominant microflora in oil reservoirs provide the valuable technology and theory for the large-scale implementation of microbial EOR technology.
引文
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[14]何江川,王元基,廖广志.油田开发战略性接替技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.HE Jiangchuang,WANG Yuanji,LIAO Guangzhi.Strategic replacement technology for oil field development[M].Beijing:Petroleum IndustryPress,2013.
[15]岳湘安,王龙富,王克亮.提高石油采收率基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.YUE Xiang’a n,WANG Fulong,WANG Keliang.Foundation for improving oil recovery[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.
[2]BELYAEV S S,BORZENKOW I A,NAZINA T N.Use of microorganisms in the biotechnology for the enhancement of oil recoovery[J].Microbiology,2004,73(5):590-598.
[3]Steven L.Bryant.MEOR的油藏工程分析[R].SPE63229,2000.BRYANT S L.The oil reservoir engineering analysis of MEOR[R].SPE 63229,2000.
[4]李青,吴刚,谢刚,等.低温稠油油藏微生物采油菌的筛选评价研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2011,33(2):114-116.LI Qing,WU Gang,XIE Gang,et al.Research on evaluation of microbe oil recovery bacterium of low-temperature inspissated pool[J].Oil Driling&Production Technology,2011,33(2):114-116.
[5]赵寿增.微生物采油技术[J].油气采收率技术,1996,3(1):14-22.ZHAO Shouzeng.The technology of MEOR[J].Petroleum Recovery Technology,1996,3(1):14-22.
[6]彭裕生,姜建平.细菌提高采收率在油田上的应用[J].国外油田工程,1997,13(7):1-3.PENG Yusheng,JIAN Jianping.Application of bacteria to oil recovery in oil field[J].Foreign Oilfield Engineering,1997,13(7):1-3.
[7]陈传平,梅博文,易绍金,等.砂岩储层中原油微生物降解的模拟实验研究[J].沉积学报,1997,15(1):135-140.CHEN Chuanping,MEI Bowen,YI Shaojing,et al.Simulated experiment research on oil biodegradation in sand reservoir[J].Acta Sedimentological Sinica,1997,15(1):135-140.
[8]汪卫东.微生物采油技术研究及试验[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(1):107-112.WANG Weidong.Laboratory research and field trials of microbial oil recovery technique[J].Oil Driling&Production Technology,2012,34(1):107-112.
[9]PATIL S,DANDEK A,LEIGH M B.Chemical and microbial characterization of north slope viscous oils to assess viscosity reduction and enhanced recovery[R].United States Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory:Oil natural Gas Technology,2008.
[10]汪卫东,宋永亭,陈勇.微生物采油技术与油田化学剂[J].油田化学,2002,19(3):293-296.WANG Weidong,SONG Yongting,CHEN Yong.Microbial enhanced oil recovery and oilfield chemicals[J].Oilfield Chemistry,2002,19(3):293-296.
[11]包木太,牟伯中,王修林,等.微生物提高石油采收率[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2000,8(3):236-245.BAO Mutai,MU Bozhong,WANG Xiulin,et al.Microbial enhanced oil recovery[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2000,8(3):236-245.
[12]刘保磊,常毓文,杨玲,等.油层法微生物采油代谢产物生成量的理论分析[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,38(2):293-296.LIU Baolei,CHANG Yuwen,YANG Ling,et al.Theoretical production of metabolites for microbial enhanced oil recovery in reservoirs[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science Edition),2002,38(2):293-296.
[13]汪卫东,魏斌,谭云贤,等.微生物采油需要进一步解决的问题[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(6):88-91.WANG Weidong,WEI Bin,TAN Yunxian,et al.Problems confronted in microbial enhanced oil recovery[J].Petroleum Exploration Development,2004,31(6):88-91.
[14]何江川,王元基,廖广志.油田开发战略性接替技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.HE Jiangchuang,WANG Yuanji,LIAO Guangzhi.Strategic replacement technology for oil field development[M].Beijing:Petroleum IndustryPress,2013.
[15]岳湘安,王龙富,王克亮.提高石油采收率基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.YUE Xiang’a n,WANG Fulong,WANG Keliang.Foundation for improving oil recovery[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.