表面修饰油溶性BaSO_4@SiO_2-OTMS纳米微粒的制备及作为油基钻井液添加剂的研究
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摘要
采用原位表面修饰和溶胶-凝胶法制备了十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷(OTMS)修饰的油溶性BaSO_4@SiO_2-OTMS纳米微粒;利用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分析了产物的形貌及结构,采用热分析仪评价了其热稳定性,用往复摩擦磨损试验机和六速旋转黏度计研究了产物对油基钻井液润滑性能及流变性能的影响.结果表明:所制备的Ba SO_4@Si O_2纳米微粒由直径为30 nm的Ba SO_4内核和厚约8 nm的Si O_2外壳组成,经OTMS修饰后,Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS纳米微粒在液体石蜡中具有良好的分散稳定性.与此同时,Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS纳米微粒作为添加剂可以降低油基钻井液的流动阻力,减轻钻头磨损,提高钻井速度.当添加剂浓度较低时,随着添加剂含量的增加,油基钻井液的黏度降低;当添加剂质量分数为0.8%时,钻井液的黏度以及钢球-页岩摩擦副的摩擦系数和页岩磨痕宽度最小.
Oil soluble Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS nanoparticles were prepared by a sol-gel and in-situ surface modification method. The morphology and structure of the as-prepared Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The thermal stability of Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS nanoparticles was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, and its effects on the lubrication performance and rheological behavior of an oil-based drilling fluid were investigated with a reciprocating friction and wear tester and a six-speed rotational viscometer. Results show that the as-prepared Ba SO_4@Si O_2 nanoparticles consisted of Ba SO_4 nano-cores with an average diameter of 30 nm and nano-silica shell with a thickness of about 8 nm.Thanks to the surface-modification of nano-silica by oleophilic octadecyltrimethoxysilane(denoted as OTMS), the asprepared Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS nanoparticles can be well dispersed in liquid paraffin. In the meantime, Ba SO_4@Si O_2-
OTMS nanoparticles as the additive in the oil-based drilling fluid can reduce the flow resistance,abate the wear of the bit,and increase the drilling speed.When BaO_2-OTMS nanoparticles were added in the oil-based drilling fluid at a relatively low concentration,the viscosity of the drilling fluid tended to decline with increasing additive content.At an additive concentration of 0.8%(mass fraction),the viscosity of the drilling fluid and the friction coefficient of the steel ball-shale disc sliding pair and the width of wear track of the shale disc reached the minimum.
Oil soluble Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS nanoparticles were prepared by a sol-gel and in-situ surface modification method. The morphology and structure of the as-prepared Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The thermal stability of Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS nanoparticles was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, and its effects on the lubrication performance and rheological behavior of an oil-based drilling fluid were investigated with a reciprocating friction and wear tester and a six-speed rotational viscometer. Results show that the as-prepared Ba SO_4@Si O_2 nanoparticles consisted of Ba SO_4 nano-cores with an average diameter of 30 nm and nano-silica shell with a thickness of about 8 nm.Thanks to the surface-modification of nano-silica by oleophilic octadecyltrimethoxysilane(denoted as OTMS), the asprepared Ba SO_4@Si O_2-OTMS nanoparticles can be well dispersed in liquid paraffin. In the meantime, Ba SO_4@Si O_2-
OTMS nanoparticles as the additive in the oil-based drilling fluid can reduce the flow resistance,abate the wear of the bit,and increase the drilling speed.When BaO_2-OTMS nanoparticles were added in the oil-based drilling fluid at a relatively low concentration,the viscosity of the drilling fluid tended to decline with increasing additive content.At an additive concentration of 0.8%(mass fraction),the viscosity of the drilling fluid and the friction coefficient of the steel ball-shale disc sliding pair and the width of wear track of the shale disc reached the minimum.
引文
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[21]Zhou C H,Yuan H,Wang X,et al.Cd Se/Zn S quantum dots with multi-shell protection:synthesis and application in the detection of ractopamine residue in swine urine[J].Science of Advanced Materials,2013,5(3):285-294.doi:10.1166/sam.2013.1457.
[2]Wang Zhonghua.Research and application progress of oil-based drilling fluid at home and abroad[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2011,18(4):533-537(in Chinese)[王中华.国内外油基钻井液研究与应用进展[J].断块油气田,2011,18(4):533-537].
[3]Xue Y Z,Li G R,Liu B F,et al.Application of super high density drilling fluid under ultrahigh temperature on well shengke-1[J].CPS/SPE International Oil&Gas Conference and Exhibition in China,Beijing,2010:SPE131189.
[4]Taugbol K,Gunnar F,Prebensen O I,et al.Development and field testing of a unique high temperature and high pressure(HTHP)oil based drilling fluid with minimum rheology and maximum SAGstability[J].Offshore Europe,Aberdeen,2005:SPE96285.
[5]Yao Rugang,Jiang Guancheng,Li Wei,et al.Research on high temperature and high density of nano-based poly-glycol drilling fluid system[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2013,30(2):25-28(in Chinese)[姚如钢,蒋官澄,李威,等.新型抗高温高密度纳米基钻井液研究与评价[J].钻井液与完井液,2013,30(2):25-28].doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5620.2013.02.008.
[6]Al-Yasiri M S,Al-Sallami W T,Saadoon M,et al.How the drilling fluids can be made more efficient by using nanomaterials[J].American Journal of Nano Research and Applications,2015,3:41-45.
[7]James R W,Prebensen O I,Randeberg O.Reducing risk by using a unique oil-based drilling fluid in an offshore casing directional drilling operation[J].IADC/SPE Drilling Conference,Orland,Floride,2008:IADC/SPE 112529.
[8]Michel Gregoire,Mike Hodder,Shuangjiu Peng,et al.Successful drilling of a deviated,ultra-hthp well using amicronized barite fluid[J].SPE/IADC Dring Conference and Exhibition,Amsterdam,2009:SPE/IADC 119567.
[9]Qiu Zhengsong,Han Cheng,Huang Weian,et al.Research and evaluation of high-density drilling fluid weighted by micronized barite[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2014,31(1):12-15(in Chinese)[邱正松,韩成,黄维安,等.微粉重晶石高密度钻井液性能研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2014,31(1):12-15].doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5620.2014.01.004.
[10]Yu Lei,Zhang Laibin,Fan Jianchun.Influence of iron ore powder and barite on the friction and wear behavior of casing and drill pipe pair[J].Tribology,2004,24(5):462-466(in Chinese)[余磊,张来斌,樊建春.重晶石和铁矿粉对套管/钻杆摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2004,24(5):462-466].doi:10.3321/j.issn:1004-0595.2004.05.017.
[11]Ma Yong,Cui Maorong,Yang Dongmei,et al.Effect of aggravating agents on lubricating performance of water-based drilling fluids[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005(10):58-60(in Chinese)[马勇,崔茂荣,杨冬梅,等.加重剂对水基钻井液润滑性能的影响研究[J].天然气工业,2005(10):58-60].doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0976.2005.10.020.
[12]Huang Weian,Qiu Zhengsong,Xu Jiafang,et al.Effect of partical sizing barite on weighted drilling fluid rheology[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2010,27(4):23-25(in Chinese)[黄维安,邱正松,徐加放,等.重晶石粒度级配对加重钻井液流变性的影响[J].钻井液与完井液,2010,27(4):23-25].doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5620.2010.04.008.
[13]Suri A,Sharma M M.Strategies for sizing particles in drilling and completion fluid[J]. SPE European Formation Damage Conference,Hague, 2001: SPE68964.
[14]Liu Yumin,Liu Yue.Research on wet modification of nano-sized barium sulfate[J].Inorganic Chemicals Industry,2015,47(5):30-34(in Chinese)[刘玉敏,刘悦.纳米硫酸钡的湿法改性研究[J].无机盐工业,2015,47(5):30-34].
[15]Liu Yumin,Liu Yue.Modification research of the effect of coupling agent on surface of nano barium sulfate[J].China Surfactant Detergent&Cosmetics,2015,45(2):85-89(in Chinese)[刘玉敏,刘悦.偶联剂对纳米硫酸钡表面的改性研究[J].日用化学工业,2015,45(2):85-89].
[16]Li Xiaohong,Li Qinghong,Zhang Zhijun,et al.Synthesis,characterization and tribological properties of a reactable nanosilica[J].Tribology,2005,25(6):499-503(in Chinese)[李小红,李庆华,张治军,等.一种可反应性纳米Si O2的制备和表征及其摩擦磨损性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2005,25(6):499-503].doi:10.3321/j.issn:1004-0595.2005.06.001.
[17]Cao Zhi,Li Xiaohong,Zhang Zhijun,et al.Effect of Si O2nanoparticles as additive on antiwear and extreme pressure properties of lithium grease[J].Tribology,2005,25(5):390-393(in Chinese)[曹智,李小红,张治军,等.表面修饰Si O2纳米微粒对锂基脂抗磨性能影响的研究[J].摩擦学学报,2005,25(5):390-393].doi:10.3321/j.issn:1004-0595.2005.05.002.
[18]Huo Yuqiu,Yan Yutao,Liu Xiaoxia,et al.Preparation and tribological properties of monodispersed nano-Si O2 particles as additive in lubricating oil[J]. Tribology, 2005, 25(1): 34–38(in Chinese) [霍玉秋, 闫玉涛, 刘晓霞, 等. 单分散纳米Si O2的制备及其作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2005,25(1): 34–38]. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1004-0595.2005.01.007.
[19]Yang Shanlin,Qiao Yulin,Cui Qingsheng,et al.The effect of ultrasonic vibration on tribological performance with n-Si O2additives[J].Tribology,2012,32(4):390-395(in Chinese)[杨善林,乔玉林,崔庆生,等.超声振动对纳米二氧化硅(n-Si O2)添加剂减摩抗磨性能的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2012,32(4):390-395].doi:10.16078/j.tribology.2012.04.008.
[20]Dong Ling,Chen Guoxu,Li Huafeng,et al.Tribological properties and self-healing action of Si O2/Sn O2 complex nanoparticles as an additive in a mineral oil[J].Tribology,2004,24(6):517-521(in Chinese)[董凌,陈国需,李华峰,等.Si O2/Sn O2复合纳米微粒添加剂的摩擦学性能及其对磨损表面的修复作用研究[J].摩擦学学报,2004,24(6):517-521].doi:10.3321/j.issn:1004-0595.2004.06.008.
[21]Zhou C H,Yuan H,Wang X,et al.Cd Se/Zn S quantum dots with multi-shell protection:synthesis and application in the detection of ractopamine residue in swine urine[J].Science of Advanced Materials,2013,5(3):285-294.doi:10.1166/sam.2013.1457.