船舶中压直流电力系统中模块化多电平逆变器的谐波性能仿真研究
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摘要
[目的]对船舶中压直流(MVDC)电力系统而言,模块化多电平逆变器(MMC)的应用是目前研究的热点。MMC的输出电压波形是否为正弦波将直接决定MVDC电网和负载的工作性能,因此改善MMC的谐波性能显得尤为重要。[方法]首先,以船舶MVDC电力系统为背景,研究MMC的谐波特性与电压等级、桥臂子模块(SM)数量之间的关系;然后,针对控制器采样周期、载波频率、调制比和桥臂电感值等参数对MMC逆变器谐波性能的影响,开展仿真对比分析。[结果]研究结果表明:较高电压等级的MMC应配置较多的子模块;当明确MMC子模块的数量后,调制比和采样周期是MMC谐波特性的主要影响因素。[结论]所得结论可为中压型MMC逆变器的参数设计提供决策依据。
[Objectives] For a Medium Voltage Direct Current(MVDC) power system on a ship, the application of the Modular Multilevel Converter(MMC) is a hot research topic. Whether the output voltage waveform of the MMC is a sine wave will directly determine the working performance of the MVDC power grid and load, so it is particularly important to improve the harmonic performance of the MMC. [Methods]First, based on the MVDC power system of a ship, the interactions between the harmonic characteristics,voltage level and number of bridge arm Sub-Modules(SMs) of the MMC inverter are studied. Next, the harmonic variation tendency of the MMC under the influence of the sampling period, carrier wave frequency, modulation ratio and arm inductance are studied in detail. [Results] It is found that a higher voltage grade MMC needs to be equipped with a larger number of SMs. When the number of SMs is given,the sampling period and modulation ratio play major roles in the harmonic improvement of the MMC.[Conclusions] The results of this paper can provide valuable references for selecting the parameter design of medium pressure MMC inverters.
[Objectives] For a Medium Voltage Direct Current(MVDC) power system on a ship, the application of the Modular Multilevel Converter(MMC) is a hot research topic. Whether the output voltage waveform of the MMC is a sine wave will directly determine the working performance of the MVDC power grid and load, so it is particularly important to improve the harmonic performance of the MMC. [Methods]First, based on the MVDC power system of a ship, the interactions between the harmonic characteristics,voltage level and number of bridge arm Sub-Modules(SMs) of the MMC inverter are studied. Next, the harmonic variation tendency of the MMC under the influence of the sampling period, carrier wave frequency, modulation ratio and arm inductance are studied in detail. [Results] It is found that a higher voltage grade MMC needs to be equipped with a larger number of SMs. When the number of SMs is given,the sampling period and modulation ratio play major roles in the harmonic improvement of the MMC.[Conclusions] The results of this paper can provide valuable references for selecting the parameter design of medium pressure MMC inverters.
引文
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[12]徐政,肖晃庆,张哲任.模块化多电平换流器主回路参数设计[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2514-2527.Xu Z,Xiao H Q,Zhang Z R.Design of main circuit parameters of modular multilevel converters[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2514-2527(in Chinese).
[13]管敏渊,徐政.向无源网络供电的MMC型直流输电系统建模与控制[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(2):255-263.Guan M Y,Xu Z.Modeling and control of modular multilevel converter based VSC-HVDC system connected to passive networks[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(2):255-263(in Chinese).
[14]屠卿瑞,徐政,管敏渊,等.模块化多电平换流器环流抑制控制器设计[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(18):57-61,83.Tu Q R,Xu Z,Guan M Y,et al.Design of circulating current suppressing controllers for modular multilevel converter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(18):57-61,83(in Chinese).
[15]IEEE Standards Association.IEEE recommended practice for 1 kV to 35 kV medium-voltage DC power systems on ships[R].New York:IEEE,2010:1-54.
[16]Thantirige K,Rathore A K,Panda S K,et al.Medium voltage multilevel converters for ship electric propulsion drives[C]//Proceedings of 2015 International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft,Railway,Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles.Aachen,Germany:IEEE,2015:1-7.143
[2]Steurer M M,Schoder K,Faruque O,et al.Multifunctional megawatt-scale medium voltage dc test bed based on modular multilevel converter technology[J].IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification,2016,12(4):597-606.
[3]Mo R,Ye Q,Li H.DC impedance modeling and stability analysis of modular multilevel converter for MVDC application[C]//Proceedings of 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.Milwaukee,WI,USA:IEEE,2016:1-5.
[4]Chen Y,Li Z Y,Zhao S S,et al.Design and implementation of a modular multilevel converter with hierarchical redundancy ability for electric ship MVDC system[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2017,5(1):189-202.
[5]屠卿瑞,徐政,姚为正.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电电平数选择研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(20):33-38,44.Tu Q R,Xu Z,Yao W Z.Selecting number of voltage levels for modular multilevel converter based HVDC[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(20):33-38,44(in Chinese).
[6]Li W L,Luo M,Monti A,et al.Wavelet based method for fault detection in medium voltage DC shipboard power systems[C]//Proceedings of 2012 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference.Graz,Austria:IEEE,2012:2155-2160.
[7]郭燚,杨涛.超级电容储能在船舶MVDC系统能量管理中的应用[J].上海海事大学学报,2016,37(4):75-81.Guo Y,Yang T.Application of super capacitor energy storage in energy management of ship medium voltage DC system[J].Journal of Shanghai Maritime University,2016,37(4):75-81(in Chinese).
[8]Chen Y,Zhao S S,Li Z Y,et al.Modeling and control of the isolated DC-DC modular multilevel converter for electric ship medium voltage direct current power sys-1 tem[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2017,5(1):124-139.
[9]中国船级社.钢质海船入级规范2015第4分册[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2015.China Classification Society.Rules for classification of sea-going steel ships 2015 Volume 4[S].Beijing:China Communications Press Co.Ltd.,2015(in Chinese).
[10]International Association of Classification Society.IACS requirements harmonic distortion for ship distribution system including harmonic filters electrical-concerning electrical and electronic installation[R].[S.l.]:IACS,2016.
[11]国家技术监督局.电能质量公用电网谐波:GB/T14549-1993[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1994:2.The Quality and Technology Supervision Bureau.Quality of electric energy supply Harmonics in public supply network:GB/T 14549-1993[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,1994:2(in Chinese).
[12]徐政,肖晃庆,张哲任.模块化多电平换流器主回路参数设计[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2514-2527.Xu Z,Xiao H Q,Zhang Z R.Design of main circuit parameters of modular multilevel converters[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2514-2527(in Chinese).
[13]管敏渊,徐政.向无源网络供电的MMC型直流输电系统建模与控制[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(2):255-263.Guan M Y,Xu Z.Modeling and control of modular multilevel converter based VSC-HVDC system connected to passive networks[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(2):255-263(in Chinese).
[14]屠卿瑞,徐政,管敏渊,等.模块化多电平换流器环流抑制控制器设计[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(18):57-61,83.Tu Q R,Xu Z,Guan M Y,et al.Design of circulating current suppressing controllers for modular multilevel converter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(18):57-61,83(in Chinese).
[15]IEEE Standards Association.IEEE recommended practice for 1 kV to 35 kV medium-voltage DC power systems on ships[R].New York:IEEE,2010:1-54.
[16]Thantirige K,Rathore A K,Panda S K,et al.Medium voltage multilevel converters for ship electric propulsion drives[C]//Proceedings of 2015 International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft,Railway,Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles.Aachen,Germany:IEEE,2015:1-7.143