聚酰亚胺纤维增强树脂基复合材料的研究
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摘要
以聚酰亚胺纤维为增强体,环氧树脂、双马来酰亚胺树脂、氰酸酯和聚酰亚胺树脂为基体,通过模压成型法制备了4种聚酰亚胺纤维增强的树脂基复合材料。研究了4种基体树脂低聚物的固化行为和流变性能,并表征了4种相应树脂基复合材料的热学、力学、介电性能以及纤维与树脂之间的界面性能。结果表明:4种基体树脂低聚物最低黏度都低于15Pa·s,显示了良好的成型工艺性,环氧树脂基复合材料的力学性能最好,弯曲强度、弯曲模量和层间剪切强度分别达到716MPa、54.9GPa和56.5MPa;聚酰亚胺树脂基复合材料的耐热等级最高,玻璃化转变温度大于300℃;氰酸酯树脂基复合材料的介电性能最优,介电常数在低频段低于3.3。
The polyimide fiber reinforced epoxy resin,bismaleimide resin,cyanate ester and polyimide resin matrix composites were prepared by compression molding.The curing behavior and heological properties of four types of oligomers were researched,and the thermal,mechanical,dielectric properties and the interface morphology between resins and fibers of their corresponding composites were fully characterized.The results showed that the minimum melt viscosities for these oligomers were lower than 15 Pa·s,which was demonstration of their excellent processability.The mechanical properties of epoxy matrix composites were the best,the bending strength,modulus and interlaminar shear strength can reach 716 MPa,54.9 GPa and 56.5 MPa,respectively;the heat-resistance of polyimide matrix composites was the highest,the glass transition temperature can exceed 300℃.The dielectric properties of cyanate ester matrix composites was the most excellent,the dielectric constant was less than 3.3.
The polyimide fiber reinforced epoxy resin,bismaleimide resin,cyanate ester and polyimide resin matrix composites were prepared by compression molding.The curing behavior and heological properties of four types of oligomers were researched,and the thermal,mechanical,dielectric properties and the interface morphology between resins and fibers of their corresponding composites were fully characterized.The results showed that the minimum melt viscosities for these oligomers were lower than 15 Pa·s,which was demonstration of their excellent processability.The mechanical properties of epoxy matrix composites were the best,the bending strength,modulus and interlaminar shear strength can reach 716 MPa,54.9 GPa and 56.5 MPa,respectively;the heat-resistance of polyimide matrix composites was the highest,the glass transition temperature can exceed 300℃.The dielectric properties of cyanate ester matrix composites was the most excellent,the dielectric constant was less than 3.3.
引文
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[11] Dong J,Yin C Q,Zhang Z X,et al.Hydrogen-bonding interactions and molecular packing in polyimide fibers containing benzimidazole units[J].Macromolecular Materials and Engineering,2014,299(10):1170-1179.
[12] Gao G Q,Dong L,Liu X Y,et al.Structure and properties of novel PMDA/ODA/PABZ polyimide fibers[J].Polymer Engineering and Science,2008,48(5):912-917.
[13] Liu X Y,Gao G Q,Dong L,et al.Correlation between hydrogen-bonding interaction and mechanical properties of polyimide fibers[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2009,20(4):362-366.
[14] Cheng S Z D,Wu Z Q,Eashoo M,et al.A high-performance aromatic polyimide fiber:1.structure,properties and mechanical-history dependence[J].Polymer,1991,32(10):1803-1810.
[15] Eashoo M,Wu Z Q,Zhang A Q,et al.High performance aromatic polyimide fibers:3.a polyimide synthesized from 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 2,2′-dimethyl-4,4′-diarninobiphenyl[J].Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics,1994,195(6):2207-2225.
[16] Wang H Y,Zhu Y X,Yan L,et al.Epoxy composite reinforced with three-dimensional polyimide fiber felt:fabrication and tribological properties investigation[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2016,133(43):44160-44168.
[17] Chen Y,Han D H,Ouyang W,et al.Fabrication and evaluation of polyamide 6composites with electrospun polyimide nanofibers as skeletal framework[J].Composites Part B Engineering,2012,43(5):2382-2388.
[18]张梦颖,牛鸿庆,韩恩林,等.高强高模聚酰亚胺纤维及其应用研究[J].绝缘材料,2016,49(8):12-16.
[2]杜善义.先进复合材料和航空航天[J].复合材料学报,2007,24(1):1-12.
[3] Eashoo M,Shen D X,Wu Z Q,et al.High-performance aromatic polyimide fibres:2.thermal mechanical and dynamic properties[J].Polymer,1993,34(15):3209-3215.
[4] Kaneda T,Katsura T,Nakagawa K,et al.High-strength-highmodulus polyimide fibersⅡ.spinning and properties of fibers[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1986,32(1):3151-3176.
[5]陈莲,李基,杨薇弘,等.高强高模聚酰亚胺纤维与对位芳纶的综合性能研究[J].合成纤维,2016,45(4):27-32.
[6]张清华,张春华,陈大俊,等.聚酰亚胺高性能纤维研究进展[J].高科技纤维与应用,2002,27(5):11-14.
[7] Ge Qiyan,Niu Hongqing,Zhang Mengying,et al.High-performance polyimide fiber and its application in composites[C].Shanghai:The Twelfth Proceedings of China-Japan Seminar on Advanced Aromatic Polymers,2006.
[8] Zhang Q H,Luo W Q,Gao L X,et al.Thermal mechanical and dynamic mechanical property of biphenyl polyimide fibers[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2004,92(3):1653-1657.
[9] Zhang Q H,Dai M,Ding M X,et al.Morphology of polyimide fibers derived from 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 4,4′-oxydianiline[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2004,93(2):669-675.
[10] Wang S H,Dong J,Li Z T,et al.Polyimide fibers prepared by a dry-spinning process:enhanced mechanical properties of fibers containing biphenyl units[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2016,133(31):43727-43735.
[11] Dong J,Yin C Q,Zhang Z X,et al.Hydrogen-bonding interactions and molecular packing in polyimide fibers containing benzimidazole units[J].Macromolecular Materials and Engineering,2014,299(10):1170-1179.
[12] Gao G Q,Dong L,Liu X Y,et al.Structure and properties of novel PMDA/ODA/PABZ polyimide fibers[J].Polymer Engineering and Science,2008,48(5):912-917.
[13] Liu X Y,Gao G Q,Dong L,et al.Correlation between hydrogen-bonding interaction and mechanical properties of polyimide fibers[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2009,20(4):362-366.
[14] Cheng S Z D,Wu Z Q,Eashoo M,et al.A high-performance aromatic polyimide fiber:1.structure,properties and mechanical-history dependence[J].Polymer,1991,32(10):1803-1810.
[15] Eashoo M,Wu Z Q,Zhang A Q,et al.High performance aromatic polyimide fibers:3.a polyimide synthesized from 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 2,2′-dimethyl-4,4′-diarninobiphenyl[J].Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics,1994,195(6):2207-2225.
[16] Wang H Y,Zhu Y X,Yan L,et al.Epoxy composite reinforced with three-dimensional polyimide fiber felt:fabrication and tribological properties investigation[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2016,133(43):44160-44168.
[17] Chen Y,Han D H,Ouyang W,et al.Fabrication and evaluation of polyamide 6composites with electrospun polyimide nanofibers as skeletal framework[J].Composites Part B Engineering,2012,43(5):2382-2388.
[18]张梦颖,牛鸿庆,韩恩林,等.高强高模聚酰亚胺纤维及其应用研究[J].绝缘材料,2016,49(8):12-16.