广西畜禽产品中沙门氏菌血清型、耐药性及耐药基因调查
|
摘要
试验旨在了解广西部分地区畜禽产品中沙门氏菌血清型分布和耐药状况,以及β-内酰胺酶blaTEM、blaCTX-M基因和氟喹诺酮类抗生素耐药基因qnrA、oqxA、oqxB、aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr的流行情况。对沙门氏菌进行分离鉴定与血清型分型,采用K-B纸片法对其中随机挑选的80株分离株进行24种抗菌药物敏感性试验,并采用PCR方法进行耐药基因检测。结果显示,从零售生鲜畜禽肉中分离的176株沙门氏菌分属5个血清群,共26种血清型,主要优势血清群为B群60.23%(106/176)、E群18.75%(33/176)和C群15.91%(28/176),主要优势血清型为德尔卑沙门氏菌35.23%(62/176)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌11.93%(21/176)和伦敦沙门氏菌9.66%(17/176)。80株分离株对24种抗菌药物均产生不同程度的耐药,其中对复方新诺明、林可霉素、利福平的耐药率最高,均高于90.00%,对青霉素、氨苄西林、阿莫西林、强力霉素、头孢拉啶、头孢氨苄、头孢曲松、头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、阿奇霉素的耐药率介于50.00%~90.00%之间,对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、氟苯尼考的耐药率小于10.00%;所有分离株均为多重耐药株,其中最少为2重耐药,最多为17重耐药,多重耐药性主要集中在10~16重耐药,共占总数的78.75%(63/80)。PCR结果显示,80株分离株各基因的检出率分别为:blaTEM98.75%(79/80)、blaCTX-M26.25%(21/80)、oqxA26.25%(21/80)、oqxB21.25%(17/80)、qnrA16.25%(13/80)、aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr 50.00%(40/80)。结果表明,广西畜禽产品源沙门氏菌血清型呈多样性分布,分离株的耐药情况严重,临床日益严重的耐药现象与耐药基因的普遍存在有很大的关系。
To investigate the serotype distribution and drug resistance with the prevalence of resistance genes(blaTEM,blaCTX-M,oqxA,oqxB,qnrA and aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr)of Salmonella isolated from livestock and poultry products in Guangxi,Salmonellaand its serotype were detected.Antibiotic resistance of 80 isolates to 24 kinds of antibiotics were determined by antibiotic susceptibili-ty test according to the K-B method.PCR was used to detected the drug resistance genes.The results showed that 176 strains of Salmonellabelonged to 26 serotypes of 5 serogroups.The main dominant serogroups were B,E and C groups with the prevalence rates of 60.23%(106/176),18.75%(33/176)and 15.91%(28/176),respectively.The main dominant serotypes were S.Derby,S.Typhimurium and S.London with the prevalence rates of 35.23%(62/176),11.93%(21/176)and 9.66%(17/176),respectively.The 80 isolated strains showed different resistance levels to the 24 kinds of antibiotics.The resistance rates to sulfamethoxazole,lincomycin and rifamycin were higher than 90.00% followed by the resistance rates to penicillin,ampicillin,amoxicillin,doxycycline,cefradine,cefalexin,ceftriaxone,ceftazidime,cefotaxime and azithromycin were between 50.00% to 90.00%,the resistance rates to ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin and florfenicol were lower than 10.00%.All of them were multiple drug resistance as they resisted 2 kinds of antibiotics in minimum and 17 kinds of antibiotics in maximum and majority of them resisted 10 to 16 kinds of antibiotics which accounted for 78.75%(63/80).PCR results showed that the prevalence rates of blaTEM,blaCTX-M,oqxA,oqxB,qnrA and aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr genes were 98.75%(79/80),26.25%(21/80),26.25%(21/80),21.25%(17/80),16.25%(13/80)and 50.00%(40/80),respectively.The results indicated that in Guangxi,serotypes of Salmonellain animal products were distributed in a variety of ways.The drug resistance of the isolated strains were very serious,and there was a great relationship between the drug resistance and the prevalence of drug resistance genes.
To investigate the serotype distribution and drug resistance with the prevalence of resistance genes(blaTEM,blaCTX-M,oqxA,oqxB,qnrA and aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr)of Salmonella isolated from livestock and poultry products in Guangxi,Salmonellaand its serotype were detected.Antibiotic resistance of 80 isolates to 24 kinds of antibiotics were determined by antibiotic susceptibili-ty test according to the K-B method.PCR was used to detected the drug resistance genes.The results showed that 176 strains of Salmonellabelonged to 26 serotypes of 5 serogroups.The main dominant serogroups were B,E and C groups with the prevalence rates of 60.23%(106/176),18.75%(33/176)and 15.91%(28/176),respectively.The main dominant serotypes were S.Derby,S.Typhimurium and S.London with the prevalence rates of 35.23%(62/176),11.93%(21/176)and 9.66%(17/176),respectively.The 80 isolated strains showed different resistance levels to the 24 kinds of antibiotics.The resistance rates to sulfamethoxazole,lincomycin and rifamycin were higher than 90.00% followed by the resistance rates to penicillin,ampicillin,amoxicillin,doxycycline,cefradine,cefalexin,ceftriaxone,ceftazidime,cefotaxime and azithromycin were between 50.00% to 90.00%,the resistance rates to ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin and florfenicol were lower than 10.00%.All of them were multiple drug resistance as they resisted 2 kinds of antibiotics in minimum and 17 kinds of antibiotics in maximum and majority of them resisted 10 to 16 kinds of antibiotics which accounted for 78.75%(63/80).PCR results showed that the prevalence rates of blaTEM,blaCTX-M,oqxA,oqxB,qnrA and aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr genes were 98.75%(79/80),26.25%(21/80),26.25%(21/80),21.25%(17/80),16.25%(13/80)and 50.00%(40/80),respectively.The results indicated that in Guangxi,serotypes of Salmonellain animal products were distributed in a variety of ways.The drug resistance of the isolated strains were very serious,and there was a great relationship between the drug resistance and the prevalence of drug resistance genes.
引文
[1]梁德媚,许学斌,王伟芳,等.上海市肉鸽沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及流行血清型和耐药性分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(12):3322-3328.LIANG D M,XU X B,WANG W F,et al.Isolation,identification and analysis of serotypeand drug resistance of Salmonellafrom pigeon in Shanghai[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2016,43(12):3322-3328.(in Chinese)
[2]ZHANG J,WANG F,JIN H,et al.Laboratory monitoring of bacterial gastroenteric pathogens Salmonella and Shigellain Shanghai,China 2006-2012[J].Epidemiology&Infection,2015,143(3):478-485.
[3]BATISTA D F A,NETO O C F,BARROW P A,et al.Identification and characterization of regions of difference between the Salmonella Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum and the Salmonella Gallinarum biovar Pullorum genomes[J].Infection,Genetics and Evolution,2015,30:74-81.
[4]朱超.沙门氏菌属血清型诊断[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2009.ZHU C.Serological Diagnosis of Salmonella-Species[M].Sahnghai:Tongji University Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[5]VAN DUIJKEREN E,WANNET W J B,HOUWERSD J,et al.Serotype and phage type distribution of Salmonella strains isolated from humans,cattle,pigs,and chickens in the Netherlands from 1984to2001[J].Journal of Clinical Microbiology,2002,40(11):3980-3985.
[6]FOLEY S L,LYNNE A M,NAYAK R.Challenges:Prevalence in swine and poultry and potential pathogenicity of such isolates[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(14):149-162.
[7]BARBOUR E K,AYYASH D B,ALTURKISTNI W,et al.Impact of sporadic reporting of poultry Salmonellaserovars from selected developing countries[J].The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries,2015,9(1):1-7.
[8]施开创,李凤梅,邹联斌,等.鸡源致病性沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及血清型和药物敏感性分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(8):2160-2168.SHI K C,LI F M,ZHOU L B,et al.Isolation,identification and analysis of serotype and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogentic Salmonella from chickens[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2015,42(8):2160-2168.(in Chinese)
[9]SU L H,CIU C H,CHU C,et al.Antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoid Salmonellaserotypes:A global challenge[J].Clinical Infectious Diseases,2004,39(4):546-551.
[10]HUR J,JAWALE C,LEE J H.Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonellaisolated from food animals:A review[J].Food Research International,2012,45(2):819-830.
[11]HAO H,CHENG G,IQBAL Z,et al.Benefits and risks of antimicrobial use in food-producing animals[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2014,5:288-298.
[12]WANG M,GUO Q,XU X,et al.New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene,qnrC,found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis[J].Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy,2009,53(5):1892-1897.
[13]中华人民共和国卫生部,GB/T 4789.4—2010食品卫生微生物学检验沙门氏菌检验[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China,GB/T 4789.4—2010Food microbiological examination:Salmonella[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[14]Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing:Twenty-first informational supplement[S].Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI),2011.
[15]MONSTEIN H J,STHOLM-BALKHED,NILSSON M V,et al.Multiplex PCR amplification assay for the detection of blaSHV,blaTEMand blaCTX-M genes in Enterobacteriaceae[J].Apmis,2007,115(12):1400-1408.
[16]RODRIGUEZ-MARTINEZ J M,DIAZ DE ALBA P,BRIALES A,et al.Contribution of oqxAB efflux pumps to quinolone resistance in extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae[J].Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,2012,68(1):68-73.
[17]WU J J,KO W C,TSAI S H,et al.Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnrA,QnrB,and QnrS among clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae in a Taiwanese hospital[J].Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy,2007,51(4):1223-1227.
[18]PARK C H,ROBICSEK A,JACOBY G A,et al.Prevalence in the United States of aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr encoding a ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme[J].Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy,2006,50(11):3953-3955.
[19]孙吉昌,游兴勇,曾艳兵,等.江西省零售畜禽肉中分离的136株沙门氏菌血清学鉴定与分析[J].实验与检验医学,2012,30(1):10-12.SUN J C,YOU X Y,ZENG Y B,et al.Study on the serotype distribution of 136 Salmonella stains isolated from retail in Jiangxi province[J].Experiment and Laboratory Medicine,2012,30(1):10-12.(in Chinese)
[20]黄裕,阚式绂,汪清,等.深圳市畜禽产品中沙门氏菌血清型与耐药性研究[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2016,6:2252-2257.HUANG Y,KAN S F,WANG Q,et al.Serotype and drug resistance of Salmonella from livestock and poultry production in Shenzhen[J].Journal of Food Safety and Quality,2016,6:2252-2257.(in Chinese)
[21]WHITE D G,ZHAO S,SUDLER R,et al.The isolation of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella from retail ground meats[J].New England Journal of Medicine,2001,345(16):1147-1154.
[22]MOLLA B,ALEMAYEHU D,SALAH W.Sources and distribution of Salmonellaserotypes isolated from food animals,slaughterhouse personnel and retail meat products in Ethiopia:1997—2002[J].Ethiopian Journal of Health Development,2003,17(1):63-70.
[23]杨保伟,张秀丽,曲东,等.2007—2008陕西部分零售畜禽肉沙门氏菌血清型和基因型[J].微生物学报,2010,50(5):654-660.YANG B W,ZHANG X L,QU D,et al.The serotype and genotype of Salmonellain some retail livestock and poultry in Shanxi province during 2007-2008[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2010,50(5):654-660.(in Chinese)
[24]陈建辉,欧剑鸣,谢一俊,等.2006~2008年福建省沙门氏菌监测菌株血清型及药敏分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2009,19(10):2376-2379.CHEN J H,OU J M,XIE Y J,et al.An analysis of serotypes and antibiotic sensitivities of Salmonella strains in Fujian province during 2006-2008[J].Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology,2009,19(10):2376-2379.(in Chinese)
[25]周勇,张欣强,侯水平,等.广州市76株沙门氏菌的血清型分布及耐药性分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(2):349-352.ZHOU Y,ZHANG X Q,HOU S P,et al.Serotype distribution and drug resistance of 76 Salmonellaisolates in Guangzhou[J].Modern Preventive Medicine,2014,41(2):349-352.(in Chinese)
[26]周佳,刘书亮,侯小刚,等.四川省动物性食品源沙门氏菌的耐药性监测与分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2011,38(3):188-191.ZHOU J,LIU S L,HOU X G,et al.Drug resistance of Salmonellastrains isolated from animal food in Sichuan[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2011,38(3):188-191.(in Chinese)
[27]黄志广,莫嘉延,李凤贞.佛山市高明区农贸市场中食源性沙门氏菌血清型与耐药性现状[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2012,23(6):6-9.HUANG Z G,MO J Y,LI F Z.Present situation of serum type and drug resistance of Salmonella in farmers market,Gaoming district[J].Public Health and Preventive Medicine,2012,23(6):6-9.(in Chinese)
[28]侯雪娇,莫国东,焦鹏涛,等.市售鲜畜肉中沙门氏菌的血清型及耐药性研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015,8:281-284.HOU X J,MO G D,JIAO P T,et al.Studies on the serotypes and drug resistance of Salmonellaisolated from retail fresh meat of livestock[J].Heilongjiang Animal Scienceand Veterinary Medicine,2015 8:281-284.(in Chinese)
[29]黄凯,陈素娟,黄骏,等.动物源性沙门氏菌的耐药性分析及氟苯尼考类耐药基因的鉴定[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(2):459-466.HUANG K,CHEN S J,HUANG J,et al.Analysis of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolate from animals and identification of its florfenicol resistance gene[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2015,42(2):459-466.(in Chinese)
[30]LU Y,WU C M,WU G J,et al.Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella isolates from chicken in China[J].Foodborne pathogens and disease,2011,8(1):45-53.
[31]CHAO G,WANG C,WU T,et al.Molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genotypes of Salmonellae from food supply chains in China[J].Food Control,2017,77:32-40.
[32]WU H,WANG Y,WUY,et al.Emergence ofβ-lactamases and extended-spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBLs)producing Salmonella in retail raw chicken in China[J].Foodborne Pathogens and Disease,2015,12(3):228-234.
[33]江萍,关茹飞,夏利宁,等.新疆猪源沙门氏菌耐药性及耐药基因检测[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(3):896-903.JIANG P,GUAN R F,XIA L N,et al.Detection of resistance and resistance genes of Salmonella from swine in Xinjiang[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2017,44(3):896-903.(in Chinese)
[34]曹正花,谭艾娟,吕世明,等.贵州省猪源沙门氏菌对β-内酰胺类药耐药性及耐药基因分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(7):1737-1742.CAO Z H,TAN A J,LU S M,et al.Analysis of drug resistance and resistance genes of Salmonellatoβ-lactams antimicrobial agents isolated from pigs in Guizhou province[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2016,43(7):1737-1742.(in Chinese)
[35]刘贵深,于涛.食源性沙门氏菌耐药性及质粒介导喹诺酮耐药基因检测[J].生物技术通报,2014,46(8):202-207.LIU G S,YU T.Study on antimicrobial resistance and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance of food-borne Salmonella isolates[J].Biotechnology Bulletin,2014,46(8):202-207.(in Chinese)
[2]ZHANG J,WANG F,JIN H,et al.Laboratory monitoring of bacterial gastroenteric pathogens Salmonella and Shigellain Shanghai,China 2006-2012[J].Epidemiology&Infection,2015,143(3):478-485.
[3]BATISTA D F A,NETO O C F,BARROW P A,et al.Identification and characterization of regions of difference between the Salmonella Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum and the Salmonella Gallinarum biovar Pullorum genomes[J].Infection,Genetics and Evolution,2015,30:74-81.
[4]朱超.沙门氏菌属血清型诊断[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2009.ZHU C.Serological Diagnosis of Salmonella-Species[M].Sahnghai:Tongji University Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[5]VAN DUIJKEREN E,WANNET W J B,HOUWERSD J,et al.Serotype and phage type distribution of Salmonella strains isolated from humans,cattle,pigs,and chickens in the Netherlands from 1984to2001[J].Journal of Clinical Microbiology,2002,40(11):3980-3985.
[6]FOLEY S L,LYNNE A M,NAYAK R.Challenges:Prevalence in swine and poultry and potential pathogenicity of such isolates[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(14):149-162.
[7]BARBOUR E K,AYYASH D B,ALTURKISTNI W,et al.Impact of sporadic reporting of poultry Salmonellaserovars from selected developing countries[J].The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries,2015,9(1):1-7.
[8]施开创,李凤梅,邹联斌,等.鸡源致病性沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及血清型和药物敏感性分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(8):2160-2168.SHI K C,LI F M,ZHOU L B,et al.Isolation,identification and analysis of serotype and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogentic Salmonella from chickens[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2015,42(8):2160-2168.(in Chinese)
[9]SU L H,CIU C H,CHU C,et al.Antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoid Salmonellaserotypes:A global challenge[J].Clinical Infectious Diseases,2004,39(4):546-551.
[10]HUR J,JAWALE C,LEE J H.Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonellaisolated from food animals:A review[J].Food Research International,2012,45(2):819-830.
[11]HAO H,CHENG G,IQBAL Z,et al.Benefits and risks of antimicrobial use in food-producing animals[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2014,5:288-298.
[12]WANG M,GUO Q,XU X,et al.New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene,qnrC,found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis[J].Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy,2009,53(5):1892-1897.
[13]中华人民共和国卫生部,GB/T 4789.4—2010食品卫生微生物学检验沙门氏菌检验[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China,GB/T 4789.4—2010Food microbiological examination:Salmonella[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[14]Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing:Twenty-first informational supplement[S].Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI),2011.
[15]MONSTEIN H J,STHOLM-BALKHED,NILSSON M V,et al.Multiplex PCR amplification assay for the detection of blaSHV,blaTEMand blaCTX-M genes in Enterobacteriaceae[J].Apmis,2007,115(12):1400-1408.
[16]RODRIGUEZ-MARTINEZ J M,DIAZ DE ALBA P,BRIALES A,et al.Contribution of oqxAB efflux pumps to quinolone resistance in extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae[J].Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,2012,68(1):68-73.
[17]WU J J,KO W C,TSAI S H,et al.Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnrA,QnrB,and QnrS among clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae in a Taiwanese hospital[J].Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy,2007,51(4):1223-1227.
[18]PARK C H,ROBICSEK A,JACOBY G A,et al.Prevalence in the United States of aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr encoding a ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme[J].Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy,2006,50(11):3953-3955.
[19]孙吉昌,游兴勇,曾艳兵,等.江西省零售畜禽肉中分离的136株沙门氏菌血清学鉴定与分析[J].实验与检验医学,2012,30(1):10-12.SUN J C,YOU X Y,ZENG Y B,et al.Study on the serotype distribution of 136 Salmonella stains isolated from retail in Jiangxi province[J].Experiment and Laboratory Medicine,2012,30(1):10-12.(in Chinese)
[20]黄裕,阚式绂,汪清,等.深圳市畜禽产品中沙门氏菌血清型与耐药性研究[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2016,6:2252-2257.HUANG Y,KAN S F,WANG Q,et al.Serotype and drug resistance of Salmonella from livestock and poultry production in Shenzhen[J].Journal of Food Safety and Quality,2016,6:2252-2257.(in Chinese)
[21]WHITE D G,ZHAO S,SUDLER R,et al.The isolation of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella from retail ground meats[J].New England Journal of Medicine,2001,345(16):1147-1154.
[22]MOLLA B,ALEMAYEHU D,SALAH W.Sources and distribution of Salmonellaserotypes isolated from food animals,slaughterhouse personnel and retail meat products in Ethiopia:1997—2002[J].Ethiopian Journal of Health Development,2003,17(1):63-70.
[23]杨保伟,张秀丽,曲东,等.2007—2008陕西部分零售畜禽肉沙门氏菌血清型和基因型[J].微生物学报,2010,50(5):654-660.YANG B W,ZHANG X L,QU D,et al.The serotype and genotype of Salmonellain some retail livestock and poultry in Shanxi province during 2007-2008[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2010,50(5):654-660.(in Chinese)
[24]陈建辉,欧剑鸣,谢一俊,等.2006~2008年福建省沙门氏菌监测菌株血清型及药敏分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2009,19(10):2376-2379.CHEN J H,OU J M,XIE Y J,et al.An analysis of serotypes and antibiotic sensitivities of Salmonella strains in Fujian province during 2006-2008[J].Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology,2009,19(10):2376-2379.(in Chinese)
[25]周勇,张欣强,侯水平,等.广州市76株沙门氏菌的血清型分布及耐药性分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(2):349-352.ZHOU Y,ZHANG X Q,HOU S P,et al.Serotype distribution and drug resistance of 76 Salmonellaisolates in Guangzhou[J].Modern Preventive Medicine,2014,41(2):349-352.(in Chinese)
[26]周佳,刘书亮,侯小刚,等.四川省动物性食品源沙门氏菌的耐药性监测与分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2011,38(3):188-191.ZHOU J,LIU S L,HOU X G,et al.Drug resistance of Salmonellastrains isolated from animal food in Sichuan[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2011,38(3):188-191.(in Chinese)
[27]黄志广,莫嘉延,李凤贞.佛山市高明区农贸市场中食源性沙门氏菌血清型与耐药性现状[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2012,23(6):6-9.HUANG Z G,MO J Y,LI F Z.Present situation of serum type and drug resistance of Salmonella in farmers market,Gaoming district[J].Public Health and Preventive Medicine,2012,23(6):6-9.(in Chinese)
[28]侯雪娇,莫国东,焦鹏涛,等.市售鲜畜肉中沙门氏菌的血清型及耐药性研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015,8:281-284.HOU X J,MO G D,JIAO P T,et al.Studies on the serotypes and drug resistance of Salmonellaisolated from retail fresh meat of livestock[J].Heilongjiang Animal Scienceand Veterinary Medicine,2015 8:281-284.(in Chinese)
[29]黄凯,陈素娟,黄骏,等.动物源性沙门氏菌的耐药性分析及氟苯尼考类耐药基因的鉴定[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(2):459-466.HUANG K,CHEN S J,HUANG J,et al.Analysis of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolate from animals and identification of its florfenicol resistance gene[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2015,42(2):459-466.(in Chinese)
[30]LU Y,WU C M,WU G J,et al.Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella isolates from chicken in China[J].Foodborne pathogens and disease,2011,8(1):45-53.
[31]CHAO G,WANG C,WU T,et al.Molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genotypes of Salmonellae from food supply chains in China[J].Food Control,2017,77:32-40.
[32]WU H,WANG Y,WUY,et al.Emergence ofβ-lactamases and extended-spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBLs)producing Salmonella in retail raw chicken in China[J].Foodborne Pathogens and Disease,2015,12(3):228-234.
[33]江萍,关茹飞,夏利宁,等.新疆猪源沙门氏菌耐药性及耐药基因检测[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(3):896-903.JIANG P,GUAN R F,XIA L N,et al.Detection of resistance and resistance genes of Salmonella from swine in Xinjiang[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2017,44(3):896-903.(in Chinese)
[34]曹正花,谭艾娟,吕世明,等.贵州省猪源沙门氏菌对β-内酰胺类药耐药性及耐药基因分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(7):1737-1742.CAO Z H,TAN A J,LU S M,et al.Analysis of drug resistance and resistance genes of Salmonellatoβ-lactams antimicrobial agents isolated from pigs in Guizhou province[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2016,43(7):1737-1742.(in Chinese)
[35]刘贵深,于涛.食源性沙门氏菌耐药性及质粒介导喹诺酮耐药基因检测[J].生物技术通报,2014,46(8):202-207.LIU G S,YU T.Study on antimicrobial resistance and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance of food-borne Salmonella isolates[J].Biotechnology Bulletin,2014,46(8):202-207.(in Chinese)